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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Data on prenatal, labor and delivery, and postnatal medication exposure to neonates were collected. During an 11-week period, 100 neonates consecutively admitted to a hospital were studied. The pharmacist obtained a social and medication history from the mothers and reviewed maternal anesthesia records and the charts of the neonates. Fifteen definite and possible adverse medication reactions were detected in 13 neonates. The median number of different medications ingested prenatally was 4.7. The four most commonly ingested prenatal medications were vitamins (97%), iron preparations (90%), headache/pain/arthritis medications (68%) and antinausea/vomiting medications (40%). The most commonly used medications during labor and delivery were oxytocin (73%), meperidine (33%) and promazine (25%). The use of strong narcotics during this period produced neonatal respiratory depression in some cases. The four most commonly prescribed postnatal medications were vitamin K1 (100%), gentamicin (10%), ampicillin (8%) and Poly-Vi-Sol (6%). The maternal interview indicated that most mothers were unaware of the influence that many medications can play upon the fetus. It is recommended that the pharmacist conduct a maternal medication interview prior to labor and delivery.
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PMID:Neonatal medication surveillance by the pharmacist. 87 83

Thiopentone 4 mg/kg, Althesin 0.055 ml/kg and ketamine 2 mg/kg were compared in 157 children undergoing minor otolaryngological surgery, mostly adenotonsillectomy. Premedication was with pethidine and atropine and anaesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide in oxygen and halothane. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with suxamethonium. In each group half of the children received pethidine 0.7 mg/kg after intubation and the remainder received saline. Ketamine increased arterial pressure after induction. The cardiovascular responses to intubation were more obvious after thiopentone and Althesin than after ketamine. Operating conditions, cardiovascular changes during operation and the course of extubation were similar in all groups. The recovery after ketamine was longer than after thiopentone and Althesin. Thiopentone was associated with significantly less vomiting immediately after operation than was Althesin and ketamine. In the period immediately after operation Althesin was associated with a higher need for analgesics compared with thiopentone and ketamine. Pethidine prolonged the recovery after thiopentone, decreased the incidence of vomiting immediately after operation associated with Althesin and increased that associated with ketamine.
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PMID:Comparison of thiopentone, Althesin and ketamine in anaesthesia for otolaryngological surgery in children. 88 50

A combination of xylazine and ketamine was used to produce anaesthesia in 100 cats. No deaths occurred. Vomiting was produced by the xylazine in 36 cats. Anaesthesia required supplementation after 30 minutes in 24 of the animals.
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PMID:Clinical observations on xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia in the cat. 90 32

Pancuronium bromide, a steroid non-depolarising muscle relaxant has been used to assist intubation before emergency operations in 32 patients and has been found to be satisfactory for quick intubation in a dose of 0-1 mg per kg of body weight. There was no vomiting during induction.
Anaesthesia 1976 Jun
PMID:Pancuronium bromide in emergency surgery. 93 16

A new compound, dl-cis-1-benzoyloxy-2-dimethylamino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalane (YAU-17) was found to produce sciatic nerve block, corneal and intradermal anesthesia in guinea-pigs, which markedly exceeded the effect of procaine and lidocaine. YAU-17, when given orally to mice, was much less toxic than any other drugs tested, though YAU-17 showed a considerably high acute toxicity by i.v. route. Oral administration of YAU-17 was effective in antagonizing the emetic response of dogs to intragastric phenylalanine isopropyl ester, but produced no distinct inhibition against vomiting elicited by oral copper sulfate. Furthermore, it possessed a spasmolytic activity which was comparable to that of papaverine, and showed an effect of suppressing the mucosal intrinsic reflex in the dog intestine. These pharmacological properties of YAU-17 were qualitatively similar to those of oxetacaine which was used as one of the reference compounds.
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PMID:Pharmacological studies on a new 1-benzoyloxy-alkylaminocycloalkane derivative (YAU-17) with special reference to its mucosa anesthetic activity. 98 56

Ethrane permits a very smooth and quick introduction of anaesthesia per inhalationem without signs of any excitation due to its physical properties. Because of its low analgesic property it was necessary to administer nitrous oxide. After the interruption of Tthrane--administration our patients awoke without any nausea or vomiting. In our study we measured stroke-volume and cardiac output during and after Ethrane anaesthesia using the IFM-Minnesota Impedance Cardiograph 304 A. In the first ten minutes of anaesthesia we found a 23 per cent-decrease of strokevolume, a 19 per cent cardiac output-decrease whereas the heartrate rose slightly. Any further significant changes of these parameters up to the end of anaesthesia were not detectable. Already two minutes after the end of Ethrane-administration all parameters had reached their initial values.
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PMID:[Ethrane in anaesthesia for children--measurement of cardiac output by impedance-cardiography (author's transl)]. 101 53

Enflurane was administered to 100 unselected patients undergoing various oral surgical procedures. The anesthetic provided smooth induction, maintenance, and rapid recovery. Vital signs remained stable during anesthesia. No ventricular arrhythmias were observed in the presence of exogenous epinephrine used for surgical infiltration. Postanesthesia incidences of nausea, vomiting, and excitement were minimal. Our experience suggests that enflurane may be the preferred anesthetic agent both for minor dental procedures in outpatients as well as for major oral surgical procedures in hospitalized patients.
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PMID:Enflurane anesthesia for oral surgery. 105 3

A series of 50 combat-injured patients given crash intubation for rapid induction of anesthesia is presented. The technic consisted of injection of 3 mg of d-tubocurarine and 0.4 mg of atropine IV, preoxygenation by face mask for 3 minutes, and then injection of sodium thiopental or ketamine, followed immediately by 60 to 80 mg of succinylcholine IV. Intubation was performed with a cuffed tube after cessation of spontaneous respirations and relaxation of the jaw. In the entire series there was no vomiting or aspiration on induction. Thirty-six patients were induced with thiopental and 14 with ketamine. Three patients given thiopental and 2 given ketamine had a fall in blood pressure to below 100 torr systolic. The average BP change was in a positive direction with both agents.
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PMID:Rapid anesthesia induction in combat casualties with full stomachs. 110 10

A study of 405 patients revealed that the substitution of 0.1% trichloroethylene for 0.1% methoxyflurane in a previously established technique of anaesthesia led to no remarkable changes in the incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting or headache. There was, however, an increase in the incidence of awareness from 3.5% to 5.1%. There was no significant difference in the Apgar scores (totals or individual components) or in the materno-foetal acid-base gradients at delivery between the Group A elective Caesarean section patients in the two series. In view of these findings, and of the relative freedom from toxicity and the inexpensiveness of trichloroethylene, a more general re-introduction of the drug into anaesthetic practice is advocated. The study also served to demonstrate that, using the technique described, the duration of the interval from induction of anaesthesia to the initial incision into the myometrium was, at least up to 30 min, of no significant import to the well-being of the infant, but that the time elapsing between uterine incision and complete delivery was directly and significantly associated with neonatal asphyxia and clinically-apparent depression of the infant.
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PMID:A return to trichloroethylene for obstetric anaesthesia. 113 59

Hypnosis is able to induce a state of total psychological calm in very many subjects, including maintenance or even enhancement of their ability to cooperate. A smaller number of more receptive subjects may even achieve ocular anaesthesia, though this is not suitable for the performance of operations because the Dagnini-Aschner reflex persists and hypotonia is not attained. It is considered, therefore, that the association of hypnosis, retrobulbar pharmacological anaesthesia, and akinesia offers the best conditions for the performance of operations involving major opening of the eyeball, such as those associated with cataract, i.e. psychological tranquility with the ability to cooperate, anaesthesia with neurovegetative areflexia, hypotonia, and a postoperative course undisturbed by coughing and vomiting. The results of several years' experience have shown the complete suitability of the method and its wide possibilities of application.
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PMID:[Hypnosis in ophthalmology]. 118 37


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