Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind random study compared the effects of lorazepam and pantopon an intra-muscular premedication in healthy women for uterine curettage (D & C). Anxiety, as assessed by a self-rating test by the patient and by a trained observer, showed a significant reduction at one and one-half hours after lorazepam and a smaller reduction after pantopon, which was not significant. Sedation was satisfactory with no significant difference between the two drugs in the change before and after the premedication. Lorazepam showed much more amnesia than pantopon (p less than 0.001). The patients who had lorazepam required higher doses of thiopentone for the operation, and this, in part, led to longer intervals in recovery times after lorazepam. However, it is suggested that lorazepam itself was partly responsible for the longer recovery. Pantopon was followed by more nausea, vomiting and headaches, than lorazepam. The intra-muscular injection of lorazepam hurt more patients than did pantopon, but other local complications were negligible and comparable in both groups. The results of this study show that lorazepam produces better reduction of anxiety and much more amnesia than pantopon, with comparable sedation and much less nausea and vomiting. The only disadvantage of lorazepam is the lack of analgesia and, therefore, the need for more anaesthesia during the operation. The conclusion is that lorazepam is a very satisfactory premedication and warrants more use as such.
 ...
PMID:Lorazepam as a premedication. 0 77

Lorazepam 2.5 mg was compared with promethazine 50 mg as oral premedication in a double-blind study in women. The premedication was given at the same time to all patients on each operating list, and both drugs continued to be effective 6 h after ingestion. A similar number of patients considered each drug to have relieved anxiety and the amnesic effect of lorazepam was confirmed. However, the use of lorazepam alone was accompanied by significantly more salivation during and after anaesthesia than the use of promethazine, especially in patients in whom the trachea was intubated. There was also a higher frequency of vomiting during and after operation with lorazepam (seven of 67 patients) than after promethazine (one of 71 patients). Promethazine produced dyskinetic side-effects in six of 71 patients.
 ...
PMID:Comparative study of two long-acting tranquillizers for oral premedication. 3 Apr 65

25 patients--19 to 73 years old--who underwent maxillofacial operations, received Spontavix for 10 to 12 days via a nasogastric tube. In 20% of the patients nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and/or abdominal pain occurred and disappeared after finishing nutrition with Spontavix. Mean frequency of defecation was 0.5/patient/24 hours. Body weight, serum electrolytes, blood gases, pH and base excess in the arterial blood, urea-nitrogen, hemoglobin and albumin content of the blood did not change significantly. Lipids in the serum increased insignificantly without leaving normal limits. During nutrition with Spontavix serum transaminases (SGOT, SGPT) showed a statistically significant increase which is believed to be caused by general anesthesia.
 ...
PMID:[Postoperative feeding of patients after maxillofacial surgery with the tube feeding preparation Spontavix]. 4 69

The author questions the conventional assumption that the pneumoperitoneum must be established before insertion of the laparoscope and its trocar. Complications commonly associated with establishment of a needle-induced pneumoperitoneum include subcutaneous emphysema, blood vessel penetration, retroperitoneal emphysema, bowel distention, overdistention, gas embolism, and omental emphysema. This paper summarizes the author's experience with 301 outpatient laparoscopies performed in 1976-77 using the method of direct trocar insertion without prior pneumoperitoneum. The process of pneumoperitoneum was visualized directly through the Needlescope. 54 cases were performed under general anesthesia and 247 under local anesthesia. Complications were encountered in only 3 cases (1 uterine perforation and 2 cases requiring postoperative hospitalization for nausea and vomiting). There were no cases of technical failure. Comparison of recovery times for 250 consecutive patients treated without preliminary pneumoperitoneum and 117 patients treated with the conventional technique indicated that the recovery time was 19 minutes shorter on average in the former group because of a lessened degree of postoperative discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Although further research is necessary to confirm the findings in this series, it seems plausible to suggest that a reduction of complications associated with needle-induced pneumoperitoneum may be possible with this technique.
 ...
PMID:Direct laparoscope trocar insertion without prior pneumoperitoneum. 15 Nov 44

Two groups of 8 monkeys were anesthetized with either BAX-3224, a new fluorinated methyl-propyl ether, or with halothane, 3 hours daily for a total of 30 hours. Vomiting incidence was 12.5 percent with BAX-3224 during both induction and recovery, compared with 3.7 percent for halothane during induction and 7 percent for halothane during recovery. Induction time did not change during the course of study with either agent. Respiration was spontaneous and cardiopulmonary function was stable. Electroretinographic (ERG) responses were consistent, flicker-light responses similar, but visual evoked responses (VER) were not present during BAX-3224 anesthesia. A 33 percent incidence of electroencephalographic (EEG) silence occurred with BAX-3224, which was consistent with absence of VER. Hematologic and serum chemistry values were similar for both agents. Serum fluoride ion concentrations, measured before exposure and 4 times during the 10-day study, did not change after administration of either agent. This finding was significant for BAX-3224, a fluorinated ether. No cardiac arrhythmias were observed during BAX-3224 anesthesia, compared with a 17 percent incidence during halothane induction. Recovery time was 32 minutes following BAX-3224 and 14 minutes after halothane. BAX-3224 produced anesthesia similar to that of halothane, did not induce changes incompatible with recovery from anesthesia, and showed great potential as a new volatile liquid anesthetic agent with excellent biologic stability.
 ...
PMID:Comparative evaluation of a new inhalation anesthetic, BAX-3224, and halothane in Macaca speciosa. 23 98

The effect of premedication and three general anaesthetics on gastric content pH was investigated. Neither premedication with pentobarbital-atropine nor morphine-scopolamine given 1-2 h prior to anaesthesia appeared to affect the acidity of the gastric contents. Halothane invaribly increased the pH of the gastric contents; none of the seven patients studied had a gastric pH of less than 2.5 (mean 5.1) after 1 h of anesthesia. Cyclopropane uniformly maintained the acidity of the gastric contents; only one out of seven patients had a gastric content pH above 2.5 (mean 1.7) after 1 h of anaesthesia. This effect of cyclopropane in maintaining the pH of gastric contents was unaffected by the use of premedication and induction with thiopental. Fluorexene affected the pH of the gastric contents much less uniformly. Although the pH for the group as a whole gradually increased (after one hour from 1.7 plus or minus 0.2 (s.e. mean) to 3.1 plus or minus 0.7), some of the seven patients studied reacted to fluroxene with a constant low gastric content pH. The findings are discussed, and it is concluded that the risk of pulmonary complications in case of vomiting and aspiration upon emergence from anaesthesia is greater if the anaesthetic agent is cyclopropane or fluoroxene, than if it is halothane.
 ...
PMID:Effects of general anaesthetics on the pH of gastric contents in man during surgery: a survey of halothane, fluoroxene and cyclopropane anesthesia. 23 92

A consecutive series of 140 children was observed after strabismus surgery. All the postoperative problems are attributable to general anaesthesia, vomiting and drowsiness being the principal ones. Respiratory difficulties were unusual. There is no reason to keep a healthy child in hospital for longer than one night, and day case strabismus surgery appears to be safe if (1) an experienced doctor gives the anaesthetic, (2) there is adequate supervision for 3 to 4 hours after surgery, (3) the appropriate district nurse is forewarned that a child is returning home after general anaesthesia, and (4) facilities are available to retain a child in hospital if a problem arises before discharge. Signs of emotional trauma may be less in children treated as day cases than in those hospitalized for one or more nights.
 ...
PMID:Day case surgery for strabismus in children. 27 97

A case of pelvic actinomycosis, now seen as a complication of intrauterine contraceptive devices, is reported. A 32-year old nulliparous women who had developed pain and irregular bleeding over the previous month presented initially for removal of a Dalkon shield IUD. For the previous 5 years the IUD had caused no symptoms. The Dalkon shield could not be removed, and vaginal examination revealed a tender mass in the pouch of Douglas. The patient was hospitalized for a laparoscopy and removal of the IUD under general anesthesia. Laparoscopy revealed an acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with pus leaking from bilteral pyosalpinges. The IUD was removed, and the patient was treated with parenterally by administered penicillin and streptomycin for 5 days. 3 weeks later the patient was readmitted, complaining of nausea, vomiting and malaise. Clinically she was febrile, with signs of an acute abdomen. On vaginal examination, a large tender mass was palpable in the pouch of Douglas, and the blood film revealed a leukocytosis. When her condition failed to improve after treatment with penicillin and streptomycin, a laparotomy was performed. Gross PID was found with a large ruptured tubo-ovarian abscess on the right side. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilteral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. After the removal of the infected organs, her temperature dropped and her condition improved rapidly. Pathological findings are reported.
 ...
PMID:Pelvic actinomycosis in association with an intrauterine contraceptive device. 29 10

Postoperative nausea with emesis is an undesirable side effect of general anesthesia in patients who have undergone ophthalmic surgery. The antiemetic effect of intravenous droperidol (Inapsine) was measured in a double-blind, controlled study of 78 patients undergoing general (enflurane [Ethrane]) anesthesia for a variety of ophthalmic procedures. There was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and/or emesis in the droperidol-treated group, 13 of 78 (16%) as compared with the control population (37 of 87 [42%]). No complications of droperidol administration were observed. Droperidol may be an effective antiemetic drug if used prophylactically in patients who receive general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery.
 ...
PMID:Antiemetic effect of droperidol after ophthalmic surgery. 35 15

A 15-year-old girl with familial dysautonomia had acute corneal ulcerations while on a respiratory during a dysautonomic crisis. Within 18 days she developed irritating corneal ring calcifications. Subsequent corneal perforation in the left eye was treated successfully with a lamellar graft, followed later by a penetrating graft in the right eye under local anesthesia. Four days postoperatively, the patient died during a vomiting crisis. Neuropathologic studies showed marked cell reduction in the superior cervical and trigeminal ganglia, but slight in the ciliary. The foveas appeared immature and macular ganglion cells were mildly reduced. The corneal button and lamellar grafted cornea had severe thinning and superficial calcification. Keratoplasty in familial dysautonomia is considered hazardous because of the continual threat of vomiting crises, but with sufficient care may be worthwhile for corneal perforation or advanced corneal scarring.
 ...
PMID:Corneal transplantation in familial dysautonomia. 39 Oct 49


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>