Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seasonal and clinical aspects of rotavirus-associated diarrhoea in 98 of the 326 children hospitalised for diarrhoea are described. Rotavirus infection was detected (30% overall) throughout the year from May 1980 to April 1981, but the prevalence was higher during the rainy season (40-50%). The age group in which rotavirus was detected most frequently was from 4 months to 2 years (34.6%). Watery diarrhoea and vomiting were significantly commoner in children with rotavirus diarrhoea (75% and 71% respectively) than those with non-rotavirus diarrhoea (54.2% and 60.8% respectively; p less than 0.05). Although about 15% of the children with rotavirus-associated diarrhoea showed blood or mucus in stools, the invasive nature of rotavirus infection cannot be drawn since the study did not include tests to detect other diarrhoeal pathogens.
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PMID:Rotavirus infection in children hospitalised with diarrhoea in Sri Lanka. 224 81

By auramine and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, cryptosporidial oocysts were found in the stools of 31 (1.36%) out of 2,367 patients with diarrhoea. All specimens were also tested for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Rotavirus. Among these patients, 432 were children and 24 (5.5%) of them were positive for cryptosporidia. All children infected with cryptosporidia were immunocompetent. Watery diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain were the most frequent symptoms. The survey showed that in patients with gastroenteritis, cryptosporidial oocysts were found more commonly in the stools of children than in those of adults, and the prevalence of infection was the highest in August and September (16 cases). The epidemiological aspects and clinical significance are discussed.
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PMID:Cryptosporidial diarrhoea in children. 343 76

Cryptosporidiosis in Children. During an 11-month survey, Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in the stools of 20 of 142 children admitted with gastroenteritis. Five of these 20 patients also excreted other enteropathogens. The clinical findings in 18 children infected with cryptosporidia could be analyzed. All patients were immunocompetent. Watery diarrhea, vomiting and anorexia were the most frequent symptoms. Differences in the clinical findings were observed between children aged one to two years and older children. The older children remained ill for 4.1 days compared to 19.9 days in the younger children. The younger children also presented a history of recurrent diarrhea. Problems of etiology and therapy are discussed. Cryptosporidia should be considered as a cause of diarrhea in children.
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PMID:[Cryptosporidiosis in children]. 375 46

A retrospective review of the records of 724 children under 5 years of age admitted to Port Moresby General Hospital (Papua New Guinea) in 1992-93 with diarrhea was conducted, with emphasis on risk factors for persistent diarrhea. These cases represented 84% of total under-5 diarrhea admissions during the study period. Of the 720 children for which the duration of diarrhea was recorded, 144 (20%) had persistent diarrhea lasting 14 or more days. 49% of persistent diarrhea cases involved children 12-23 months of age; the largest proportion (40%) of short-term diarrhea cases occurred in infants 0-11 months old. Watery diarrhea, vomiting, cough, and fever were the most common presenting symptoms for diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection was the most frequent cause of co-morbidity. Seasonal peaks in incidence occurred in May-July and November-January. After adjustment for dehydration-related weight loss, 42% of children with diarrhea were classified as malnourished. The case fatality rate was 4.9% for persistent diarrhea and 3.6% for non-persistent cases. In the univariate analysis, age and nutritional status were the only significant risk factors for persistent diarrhea; sex, past hospital admission, and co-morbidity were only weakly associated with persistent diarrhea. In the logistic regression analysis, only malnutrition remained a significant risk factor (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-4.0). It is speculated that malnutrition associated with weaning accounts for the high rate of persistent diarrhea among children 12-23 months of age.
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PMID:Persistent diarrhoea in children admitted to Port Moresby General Hospital. 952 67