Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the relationship of ritodrine concentration to several maternal variables and to fetal heart rate in 17 women who received the drug for inhibition of preterm labor. Ritodrine was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Ritodrine increased maternal and fetal heart rate and decreased serum potassium in a dose-related manner, but wide variability was noted between patients and within individual patients. Tachyphylaxis of the maternal heart rate response to continuing treatment with ritodrine was seen in at least seven women. Maternal blood pressure, serum glucose concentration, and frequency of uterine contractions were changed by ritodrine treatment, but the changes in these variables were not closely correlated to the concentration of ritodrine (r less than or equal to 0.30 in all cases). The maximal infusion rate and the concentration of ritodrine in maternal serum after 4 hours of treatment were significantly (p less than 0.001) correlated with the frequency of uterine contractions prior to treatment. Successful inhibition of labor was achieved with serum concentrations of 15 to 31 ng/ml in 10 of 17 women; in six of the other seven women, labor could not be inhibited in spite of serum concentrations of 90 to 146 ng/ml. Side effects, such as hypotension, vomiting, chest discomfort, and shortness of breath, were most commonly observed when the infusion rate and concentration of ritodrine were increasing.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacodynamics of ritodrine in pregnant women during preterm labor. 665 May 95

The effects of four premedication regimes on clinical variables regarded as important in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were evaluated in a double-blind randomized study. The drug combinations were diazepam/glucagon, diazepam/atropine, pethidine/glucagon, and pethidine/atropine. No significant difference was observed among the combinations of regimes or between diazepam and pethidine or between glucagon and atropine with regard to the variables duration of examination, vomiting, secretion and maximal pyloric opening. Pethidine was more effective than diazepam in reducing salivation and pyloric reflux. Glucagon was more effective than atropine in reducing motility and reflux and was also superior to atropine with regard to diagnostic accuracy. Glucagon caused less subjective discomfort than atropine 2 h and 1 day after the investigation.
 ...
PMID:Premedication in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A comparison of glucagon and atropine given in combination with diazepam and pethidine. 667 26

A case is presented of a 29-year old woman who developed sudden onset of abdominal pain, vomiting, near syncope, abdominal tenderness, profound hypotension, and a late menstrual period. The patient was in good health and her only medication was zomepirac for musculoskeletal discomfort. An exploratory mini-laparotomy was performed for the suspicion of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy, but no evidence of hemoperitoneum or of ectopic pregnancy was found. A subsequent pregnancy test was negative, and the episode was attributed to a zomepirac reaction. A review of zomepirac and zomepirac reactions is included.
 ...
PMID:A zomepirac reaction mimicking ectopic pregnancy. 673 36

A depot-estrogen preparation (12.5 mg of estradiol benzoate and 10 mg of estradiol phenylpropionate in 1 ml oily solution) was used as a 'morning-after' injection (MAI) in 100 women (average age, 26 years; range, 15 to 45) within 72 hours after unprotected coitus. Venous blood samples obtained before and after drug injection were analyzed for radioimmunology measurements of plasma LH, FSH, prolactin (Prl), estradiol-17B and progesterone. In 80% of cases, unprotected coitus occurred between days 10 and 18 of the cycle. In 97.8%, MAI was administered within 48 hours after unprotected coitus. The preparation induced minimal cycle and bleeding pattern changes. 4 pregnancies were observed after MAI administration within 37 hours. However, it was found that in 1 case, pregnancy had already existed before the MAI. Thus, postcotal contraceptive efficiency of MAI was 97%, or failure rate was 3%. The side effects (eg, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, discomfort at injection site) are minimal and incidence is lower than those associated with oral postcoital estrogens. Increasing dose of injectable estrogens may result in a more acceptable failure rate.
 ...
PMID:Postcoital contraception with an injectable estrogen preparation (Org 369 - 2). 677 52

A case of congenital duodenal diaphragm has been presented. The clinical features of protracted vomiting, epigastric pain and discomfort after meals with a gastric splash occurring at any age, the biochemical features of profound hypokalaemia and hypochloraemic alkalosis, and the radiological demonstration of a diaphragm have been shown to be of diagnostic significance. The operation of vagotomy and gastroenterostomy was unsuccessful in this case, and a literature review suggests that duodenotomy with excision of the diaphragm is the preferred method of treatment.
 ...
PMID:Congenital duodenal diaphragm in an adult. 693 29

Although bile reflux into the stomach has been a subject of major interest during the last 15 years, its role in gastric pathology is not fully understood. The simple technique of sampling gastric contents and measuring bile acids is probably the most useful and reliable method available. Whether the reflux always precedes ulceration or is caused in some way by the gastritis remains unresolved, for bile reflux is common in many clinical situations where gastritis is present. After gastric surgery bile has been blamed for the gastritis which occurs as well as symptoms of post prandial epigastric discomfort, heartburn and bile vomiting. This is probably the only clinical situation where further procedures have been examined which specifically divert bile away from the stomach with good results. Bile reflux is also very common in patients with heartburn suggesting that bile and acid are both necessary to produce oesophagitis and heartburn. This is borne out by clinical observations and experimental work in animals. With the exception of those patients who have had gastric surgery, we have little or no evidence of the consequences of bile exclusion from the stomach in other pathological situations.
 ...
PMID:The clinical significance of bile reflux. 694

Spontaneous intramural rupture or intramural haematoma of the oesophagus is a rare cause of acute pain in the chest and upper abdomen. Much less ominous than spontaneous complete rupture from which it must be distinguished, it seldom if ever necessitates operation. Five new cases are described and reviewed together with 15 collected from published reports. The dominant symptom of every case was severe and constant retrosternal or epigastric pain; concomitant dysphagia was mentioned in 11 cases. In seven the pain was preceded by or coincided with vomiting. The condition was related to other stresses in three and appeared to be truly spontaneous in 10. In approximately one-third of cases it started suddenly but more often it began as discomfort worsening rapidly. Fourteen patients vomited blood after experiencing pain but only four were given transfusions. In contradistinction to complete rupture, none had surgical emphysema and plain chest radiographs were unremarkable. All had abnormal gastrografin or barium swallows. Intramural haematomas with or without mucosal tears were seen in the 11 cases in which oesophagoscopy was performed. Fifteen patients made rapid and complete recoveries on conservative management. Of the four who did not respond satisfactorily, one had the oesophagus repaired, two had drainage of the mediastinum after failure to find the false lumen at thoracotomy, and one had only an abdominal exploration. The only death in the whole series occurred after a disastrous emergency exploration and subsequent total oesophagectomy.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous intramural rupture and intramural haematoma of the oesophagus. 697 33

Morphine (2--6 mg) injected into the epidural space was ineffective in relieving the pain of labour in eight patients. Morphine (2 mg) injected into the epidural space of 60 patients whilst they were undergoing Caesarean section was associated only modestly, if at all, with a diminished incidence of postoperative pain and discomfort, when compared with the epidural injection of saline in 60 patients matched for type of operation and type of anaesthesia. A relatively high incidence of postoperative vomiting was noted among the patients who received morphine.
 ...
PMID:Experiences with epidural morphine in obstetrics. 701 Oct 87

Gadodiamide injection (Gd-DTPA-BMA) is a new non-ionic paramagnetic contrast agent for which the safety at the dose 0.1 mmol/kg was evaluated during a European multicentre study on a large population of adult patients who had an MR examination of the central nervous system with contrast medium. The safety analysis was performed on 2,102 patients by recording the adverse events observed during injection and up to 24 hours after the injection. Adverse events due or probably due to gadodiamide injection were observed in 102 patients (4.4%) with injection-site associated discomfort (heat, coldness, pain at the injection site) in 37 patients (1.8%) and adverse events other than discomfort (headache, nausea, vomiting) in 35 patients (3.1%). No adverse events of severe intensity or death were reported during the trial. Gadodiamide injection was shown to be safe and well tolerated and represents a non-ionic alternative to the current products in the field of MR imaging of the central nervous system.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the tolerability of gadodiamide, a new nonionic contrast agent in MRI of the central nervous system]. 747 77

When children experience nausea and vomiting (N/V) as side effects of anesthesia or chemotherapy, a major role for nurses is to promote comfort. In addition to the discomfort of N/V in children, other detrimental effects include dehydration, weight loss, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and emotional distress. This article describes the physiological pathways through which the vomiting center is stimulated to cause nausea and vomiting and identifies appropriate interventions for blocking these pathways using both pharmacological and nonpharmacological means. Medications used to control nausea and vomiting, including phenothiazines, substituted benzamide, corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, antihistamines, and serotonin antagonists, are discussed. Nonpharmacological interventions that are described include reducing anxiety, music therapy, hypnosis, progressive muscle relaxation, dietary modifications, and acupressure.
 ...
PMID:Management of nausea and vomiting in children. 750 Feb 53


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10