Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To study the mechanism of oral pellet egestion in great-horned owls, bipolar electrodes and strain-gauge transducers were chronically implanted in the esophagus, muscular stomach, and duodenum of six owls. Recordings from conscious owls plus simultaneous radiographic observations revealed characteristic gastrointestinal motility patterns associated with egestion. Beginning at about 12 min before egestion, gastric contractions formed the final shape of the pellet and pushed it into the lower esophagus. The pellet was moved out of the esophagus by antiperistalsis during the last 8--10 s before egestion. During pellet egestion, contractions of abdominal muscles were not detected. Pellet egestion appears to be unlike either emesis in mammals with a simple stomach or regurgitation in ruminants.
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PMID:Mechanism of pellet egestion in great-horned owls (Bubo virginianus). 105 19

Of 132 infants who underwent surgery for congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis during a 13-year period, 83% were males and 31% were firstborn males. Ninety-one percent of the patients presented with projctile vomiting after feeding, and an "olive" was palpated in 92%. Upper gastrointestinal studies were not obtained in 73%. Twenty patients had positive family histories. For the entire 13 years under review, the average total hospital was 6.14 days, and the average postoperative stay was 4.45 days. For the later period 1970 to 1974, the hospital stay was 5.2 and 3.7 days, respectively. Intravenous fluids were not used in 77% of the patients and were used but not needed from a surgical standpoint in 9%. No deaths resulted from the procedure for pyloric steonsis, but there were five complications. Only 13 patients had no vomiting after operaion, whereas 105 (79%) had modest regurgitation of mild vomiting. Specific preoperative, operative, and postoperative care is important in every case.
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PMID:Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Surgical experience. 112 96

The authors report about 3 cases of the congenital adreno-genital syndrome in first-born children with a high weight at birth (3900, 3600, and 4200 g) who perished in early infancy. One child, who was considered to be a boy, died of septic postoperative complications; during the operation the uterus, ovaries, tubes, phenomena of pseudofemale hemaphroditis were observed. The considerably enlarged adrenals were gyral, goffered and their cortex consisted of cells of the fetal zone. Two other boys, who perished at the age of 3 1/2 and 2 1/2 months, were sick from the birth. In the clinical picture there prevailed anorexia, dehydration, regurgitation, periodic vomiting, convulsions, clonic spasms, Hyponatrema, hyperkalemia, sudden arrest of the heart, rose no suspicion in pediatricians with respect to the salt-losing form of the adreno-genital syndrome. Post-mortem examination revealed congenital hyperplasia of the adrenals, whose cortex consisted of the fetal zone cells.
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PMID:[Congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia]. 127 80

The Dor-Gavriliu procedure was utilized in six children with achalasia of the cardia from 1983 to 1991. Four boys and two girls (mean age, 10.1 years; range, 3 months to 16 years) presented with symptoms of weight loss (83%), emesis (83%), dysphagia (67%), recurrent respiratory infections (67%), and nocturnal regurgitation (33%). The diagnosis of achalasia was established by barium swallow in all patients; esophageal manometry was used in four patients to confirm the diagnosis. Follow-up ranged from 10 months to 8 years (mean, 3.5 years). Four neurologically normal patients had excellent results with complete resolution of their preoperative symptoms. Two neurologically impaired children, both afflicted with Down's syndrome, had less than excellent results. One moderately impaired child had a good result (required three postoperative bougie dilations over 8 years without demonstration of gastroesophageal reflux); the second, more severely impaired child, had only a fair result (persistent failure to thrive with the development of grade II gastroesophageal reflux). The Dor-Gavriliu procedure uses a transabdominal, anterior esophageal myotomy with incorporation of an effective, nonobstructing, antireflux mechanism that should prevent myotomy reapposition.
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PMID:Surgery for achalasia of the cardia in children: the Dor-Gavriliu procedure. 147 2

An open multicenter study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in 76 pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring. Among the 69 patients in whom endoscopy was carried out before treatment, 18 had erythematous esophagitis and 5 had erosive esophagitis. Irrespective of the dosage used, the frequency of regurgitation and vomiting decreased significantly (p < 0.00001 and p = 0.01, respectively). Clinical and biochemical tolerance were outstanding and no adverse effects were recorded. On the basis of these data, the recommended dosage is 1 to 2 ml/kg/day in divided doses after meals.
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PMID:[Multicenter study of sodium alginate in the treatment of regurgitation in infants]. 148 82

The authors report about 3 cases of congenital stenosis of the upper third of the esophagus. This is an exceptional condition, for which 3 main types are described: a mucous diaphragm, to be compared with membranous atresia, fibrous stenosis and stenosis caused by bronchial heterotopy. The location of the stenosis in the upper third of the esophagus is extremely rare. It results from a disorder in the revascularization of the esophageal tube. The diagnosis is established in the newborn, and less frequently in children and adults, in cases of vomiting, regurgitation or dysphagia. It is based on esograstroduodenal follow-through and fiberendoscopy, which allows ruling out other causes of benign narrowing. The treatment resorts to endoscopic dilatations and to surgery, which remains the safest method.
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PMID:[Congenital stenosis of the esophagus. A rare diagnosis in children and adults]. 156 53

While the number of patients at risk for vomiting and aspiration has been reported to be high, the incidence of clinically important pulmonary aspiration is low. We sought to define the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and to correlate this with the clinical variables of obesity, history of oesophagitis, bucking and changes in body position. Continuous oesophageal pH measurement was used to determine the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux in 44 patients having general anaesthesia for elective surgical procedures. Acid reflux to a pH value of less than four occurred in seven patients (15.9%) during anaesthesia. This was associated temporally with straining on the endotracheal tube in six subjects (13.6%). We conclude that traditional risk factors are not always predictive of those patients at risk of regurgitation and aspiration.
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PMID:Gastroesophageal reflux during anaesthesia. 159 71

Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) in infants was studied using 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. Gastro-esophageal reflux was detected in 32/41 subjects. In our patients the main symptoms were vomiting, regurgitation, failure-to-thrive, chronic respiratory problems such as asthma, apnea, recurrent pneumonia. All patients with GER were treated appropriately with prone positioning and medical therapy (prokinetic agent and, eventually, ranitidine). Successful treatment of the reflux was obtained in all patients. In our opinion the 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring is a highly diagnostic test to identify the presence of GER and evaluate its gravity.
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PMID:[24-hour esophageal pH-metry in the evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux pathology]. 162 71

Liquid barium esophagography was done in 29 clinically normal Chinese Shar Pei pups and observed fluoroscopically, beginning when they were approximately 3 months old and repeated periodically until they were at least 18 months old, if possible. Of these dogs, 69% had relatively slow stimulation of secondary waves, 48% had generalized poor esophageal tone or motility, and 38% had esophageal redundancy. Sequential studies revealed apparent improvement with age for those dogs initially showing slow motility, provided that redundancy was not also present. Another group of 9 Chinese Shar Pei pups had histories of either regurgitation or vomiting. Five of these had hiatal hernia and 2 had megaesophagus.
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PMID:Radiographic evaluation of esophageal function in Chinese Shar Pei pups. 164 51

Ten children had massive hiatal hernias repaired between January 1982 and February 1991. Their clinical presentation, association with other congenital abnormalities, and postoperative complications were different from those seen in adults. Vomiting (n = 7) and anaemia (n = 7) were the most common symptoms, followed by respiratory distress (n = 5), cough (n = 3), and regurgitation (n = 3). Abdominal pain was uncommon. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed in seven cases by barium meal examination. The most common operation was Nissen's fundoplication (n = 7); the hiatus alone was repaired in the remainder. Five patients developed postoperative complications and two died probably as a result of delay in diagnosis and associated malformations.
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PMID:Massive hiatal hernia in children. 168 33


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