Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A clinical and pathological study was made of 40 patients with intestinal obstruction due to far-advanced abdominal and/or pelvic malignant disease. Surgical intervention was feasible in only 2 cases. The remaining 38 patients were managed medically without intravenous fluids and nasogastric suction. Obstructive symptoms such as intestinal colic, vomiting, and diarrhoea were effectively controlled by drugs.
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PMID:Medical management of intestinal obstruction in patients with advanced malignant disease. A clinical and pathological study. 241 14

The clinical features and operative findings in 37 infants and 29 older children with intussusception seen over a 10-year period were compared and contrasted. While most of the children presented acutely, 28% of older children had chronic intussusception compared with 5% in infants. Only about a third of all children had the four classical features of abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal mass and bloody stool; the rest had two or three of the above features. Pain and palpable abdominal mass were more common features in older children while abdominal distension, constipation and diarrhoea were more prominent in infants. Fifty-four per cent of intussusceptions in infants were entero-colic while in older children 69% were colonic. All the intussusceptions in infants were idiopathic while in 14% of older children there were predisposing causes. Resection for gangrene/perforation was required in 30% of infants compared with 7% of older children.
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PMID:Intussusception in infants and older children: a comparison. 244 47

Disorders and drug use were analysed in 885 infants whose mothers responded to a questionnaire approximately four months after birth in Oslo, Norway in 1985. Breast-feeding had no influence on drug use in infants, though a lower incidence of some disorders (diarrhea, constipation, vomiting) was found in infants who were breast-fed for average four months than in infants who were weaned earlier. Use of drugs in infants was positively associated with use of drugs by the mother and with the length of her education. About 75% of the babies had at least one disorder and 60% had received at least one drug during the four month registration period. It was claimed that 85% of the drugs were recommended by a physician or a nurse. Anticolic agents, respiratory agents and dermatologicals were given frequently. The single most used drug was dimethicone. 98% of the 261 infants with colic syndrome were treated with this surface active drug, which has an efficacy similar to placebo. During a two week period preceding registration 12% of all infants and concomitantly 25% of the breast-fed infants were exposed to drugs at least once. The drug intake through breast milk was calculated to be 1/7 of the total drug use (117 infant Defined Daily Doses/1,000 infants/day) in breast-fed babies. Validation of the answers to the written questionnaire by subsequent interview of 96 mothers revealed considerable underreporting in the former; 33% for disorders, 22% for drugs and 18% for infant doses. It is concluded that medication for minor disorders in infancy is quite extensive and often unnecessary. Further informative efforts should be directed at parents, as well as the health workers involved.
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PMID:[Disorders and drug consumption among infants. Does breast feeding have an impact?]. 277 77

A rare case of cholecysto-duodenal-colic fistula presenting with non-faeculent vomiting, diarrhoea and loss of weight and appetite is reported. This fistula was demonstrated both by barium and endoscopic studies. She was treated with a simple closure of the fistulous tract and a cholecystectomy with good results. The surgical management of this condition is simple and rewarding.
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PMID:Cholecysto-duodeno-colic fistula--a case report. 239 49

Treating the infant colic syndrome by counseling the parents concerning more effective responses to the infant crying is compared to the elimination of soy or cow's milk protein from the infant's diet in a randomized clinical trial. Because symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea are not part of the infant colic syndrome, infants with these gastrointestinal symptoms were excluded from the study. Dietary changes were accomplished by either feeding the infants a hydrolyzed casein formula or by requiring mothers to eliminate milk from their diets. In phase 1 of the study, the group receiving counseling (n = 10) had a decrease in crying from 3.21 +/- 1.10 h/d to 1.08 +/- 0.70 h/d (P = .001). The crying in the group that received dietary changes (n = 10) decreased from 3.19 +/- 0.69 h/d to 2.03 +/- 1.07 h/d (P = .01), a level still greater than twice normal. The decrease in those receiving counseling was faster and greater than that of those given dietary changes (P less than .02). In the second phase of the study, group 2 infants were reexposed to cow's milk or soy protein and the parents received counseling. In this phase, counseling again decreased crying significantly from 2.09 +/- 1.07 h/d to 1.19 +/- 0.60 h/d (P = .05). No infant in the study who improved with changes in his or her diet had a significant increase in crying, with reexposure to soy or cow's milk protein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Parental counseling compared with elimination of cow's milk or soy milk protein for the treatment of infant colic syndrome: a randomized trial. 328 12

The management of the patient presenting to the Emergency Department with nephrolithiasis or renal colic should include evaluation of the patient for concurrent diseases, risk factors for stone formation, and possible etiologies for stones. Suspicion of ureterolithiasis is based on a cogent history and physical examination and reinforced by a finding of hematuria. Diagnosis should be based upon a promptly performed intravenous pyelogram, unless the patient is truly allergic to contrast media or has substantial risk of a contrast-induced renal failure. A solitary flat plate of the abdomen adds no useful information and is an unnecessary expense to the patient. Essential laboratory data include a urinalysis, CBC, and electrolyte, BUN, creatinine, and serum calcium levels. A urine culture should be obtained in all patients because urinalysis alone may not be sufficient to exlude a urinary tract infection. Initial treatment of the patient with an uncomplicated renal colic should include hydration, relief of pain, and reassurance. Evaluation by a consultant may be done as an outpatient on a nonemergent basis. If the colic has not resolved after 72 hours, hospitalization generally is recommended. If the patient has vomiting, dehydration, a complete obstruction, or a solitary kidney, hospitalization in indicated and urgent consultation recommended. If the patient has fever or other signs of infection, emergent consultation and immediate hospitalization are essential. Retained obstructing stones are generally managed by urologic consultants. It is in the care of the patient with the retained stone that greatest advances have been made in the past 10 years. Patients should be counseled that the retained stone no longer calls for extended hospitalization and convalescence.
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PMID:Nephrolithiasis. 329 30

Experimental and clinical experience with compounds containing antimony have shown that the trivalent compounds are generally more toxic than the pentavalent ones. APT can cause severe pain and tissue necrosis and is therefore not given by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. APT has the actions and uses of AST, but it is less soluble and more irritating than the sodium salt which is therefore more suitable for intravenous use. Trivalent antimony compounds are toxic when used topically. Adverse effects are similar for all trivalent compounds, and include nausea, vomiting, weakness and myalgia, abdominal colic, diarrhoea, and skin rashes, including pustular eruptions. Hypersensitivity reactions also occur. Respiratory symptoms include cough, dyspnoea, and chronic lung changes. Cardiotoxicity is the most important and may produce arrhythmias, myocardial depression and damage, Stokes-Adams attacks, heart failure, and cardiac arrest. Hepatic damage and necrosis, as well as blood dyscrasias, may occur. Toxic effects on the kidney may follow chronic use. Continuous treatment with small doses of antimony may give rise to symptoms of subacute poisoning, similar to those of chronic arsenic poisoning, due to accumulation of antimony in the body, especially if trivalent compounds are used, because of their long biological half-lives. Reproductive disorders and chromosome damage have been reported; antimony compounds are, therefore, potentially toxic to reproduction and have mutagenic, and oncogenic potential. Antimony compounds should, therefore, not be used during pregnancy or in the presence of hepatic, renal, or heart disease. Pentavalent antimony preparations especially the organic compounds, together with non-metallic synthetic preparations, such as the diamidines, have now replaced APT for use in leishmaniasis. Because of the toxicity of antimony compounds, investigations have been undertaken to reduce their adverse effects by combining them with chelating agents. These preparations appear to have reduced the toxic effects of antimony without affecting the efficacy of the preparations. Liposome-encapsulated antimony products have, more recently, been shown to be much less toxic because of the reduced dose of the antimony compound required for effective therapy. The historical uses of antimony were based on the belief that the topical and systemic adverse effects, for example, skin eruptions and diarrhoea and vomiting, were signs that the condition being treated was responding by being brought to the surface to relieve congestion at the diseased area. There is no evidence in topical use, but there is evidence that such use can cause severe reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicity of antimony and its compounds. 330 36

The aim of this study was to analyse early feeding problems. Fifty infants, between the ages of 3 and 12 months, were reported by the Child Health Centre (CHC) nurse and the parents to have some form of feeding problem, which had been present for at least one month. Data were collected by a visit to the infant's home, from medical records and by interviewing the CHC nurse. Three main problem categories were distinguished: Refusal to eat (28 infants), colic (9 infants) and vomiting (8 infants). The problems had often begun at an early age and had persisted for a long time (mean age at onset 4.3 months, mean duration 4.5 months). Eight of the infants had significant medical disorders, which in seven of them explained the feeding problems. In 23 infants the weight increase had been poor since the commencement of the problems. The CHC nurses considered most of the problems troublesome, difficult to treat and uncommon.
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PMID:Early feeding problems in an affluent society. I. Categories and clinical signs. 346 Mar 7

A study was undertaken to investigate growth in children with different types of early feeding problems without any obvious medical explanation. Altogether 42 children were studied and followed up to the age of two years. Twenty-five children refused to eat (RTE), nine had colic, seven had vomiting and one child displayed hyperirritability at mealtimes. Comparisons were made with controls matched for sex, age and residential area. Attained weight and length were measured frequently; rates of gain were calculated and the growth variables were transformed to standard deviation scores (SD scores). After the onset of the symptoms the SD scores of attained weight and length decreased significantly in the children with RTE and in those with vomiting (p less than 0.05), and the rate of weight gain was significantly lower in the RTE group than in the control group (p less than 0.001). At two years of age the children with vomiting had recovered and showed a complete catch-up growth, while the RTE group had attained significantly lower SD scores of attained weight (p less than 0.001) and length (p less than 0.001) than the control group. It was found that the risk of growth impairment was greatest in children who refused all food or all food except breast milk.
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PMID:Early feeding problems in an affluent society. IV. Impact on growth up to two years of age. 348 Jun 84

Human milk samples (n = 232) collected during the whole lactation period from 25 healthy, Swedish mothers were analyzed by radioimmunologic method for content of bovine beta-lactoglobulin. Detectable amounts (5-800 micrograms/l) were found in 93 of 232 milk samples (40%). Six mothers had no detectable beta-lactoglobulin in their breast milk on any occasion. Two mothers had measurable beta-lactoglobulin in all their milk samples. No correlation was found between daily cow's milk intake and concentration of beta-lactoglobulin in the milk samples. Six mothers with allergic symptoms such as asthma, hay-fever, eczema all had detectable amounts of beta-lactoglobulin in their milk. Of 19 mothers without allergy, 13 had detectable amounts. This difference did not show statistical significance. The presence of symptoms in the infant such as diarrhoea, vomiting, colic, exanthema was significantly correlated to high levels of beta-lactoglobulin in the milk. Bovine beta-lactoglobulin was also detected in 7 of 13 serum samples. The two mothers with detectable beta-lactoglobulin in all milk samples had the highest serum values, and their infants suffered from gastro-intestinal symptoms, weight decline and exanthema.
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PMID:Bovine beta-lactoglobulin in the human milk. A longitudinal study during the whole lactation period. 356 37


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