Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute dapsone poisoning is rare and such cases are either accidental or suicidal. Though accidental DDS poisoning are reported in children, the same is fairly uncommon in adults. Only 2 such cases are reported in India literature. We here report 4 cases of fatal sucidial DDS poisoning in adults resulting death in 3 cases. The reported acute symptoms include nausea, vomiting, hyperexcitability followed by depression, Carpopedal spasm or convulsions. The most marked signs are dyspnoea and cyanosis. The symptoms are due to methaemoglobinaemia, and or sulphaemoglobinaemia. Normally dapsone induces red cell haemolysis and even with small therapeutic doses of 25-100 mg per day, and in toxic doses reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood and damages the red cells making them more vulnerable for haemolysis. The peculiarity of the presentation in this series are manifestation of severe haemorrhagic episode in one case and progressive jaundice in another besides cyanosis. None of the cases had carpopedal spasm or convulsion. Out of four cases three died inspite of intensive care, intravenous vitamin C, exchange transfusion (2 cases) and other supportive measures. Intravenous methylene blue could not be used in these cases due to non-availability.
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PMID:Acute fatal DDS poisoning. (Report of 4 cases). 48 Sep 16

The coexistence of hypokalaemia and nephrocalcinosis poses a challenge in rapid diagnosis and appropriate management. We describe a 38-year-old woman who presented with thirst, intermittent carpopedal spasm, paresthaesia of both hands and progressive weakness of lower extremities for two years. She had a history of chronic hypokalaemia of unknown cause with intermittent potassium supplementation for 7-8 y and bilateral nephrocalcinosis notable for one year. She denied vomiting, diarrhoea or use of laxatives, alcohol or diuretics. Her blood pressure was normal. Laboratory investigations showed hypokalaemia (2.7 mmol/L) and metabolic alkalosis (HCO3(-) 32.6 mmol/L, pH 7.46). Two random urine samples both showed a consistently high urine K(+) excretion but with excretion rates of Na(+), Cl(-) and divalent cations which were high in one sample but not the other. Ingestion of furosemide 120 mg daily for body image for 7-8 y was uncovered. With furosemide cessation and potassium supplementation, her hypokalaemia with neuromuscular symptoms was corrected but nephrocalcinosis persisted. Surreptitious use of diuretics for various purposes should be kept in mind as an important cause of hypokalaemia and/or nephrocalcinosis. Measurement of electrolyte concentrations in at least two random urine samples is warranted to distinguish it from true renal tubular disorders and extrarenal causes.
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PMID:A hypokalaemic woman with nephrocalcinosis: rebirth of old knowledge. 2344 May 42

Dehydration is a common presentation to any emergency department with symptoms ranging from lethargy, confusion, oliguria as well as those specific to the underlying cause. In this case we describe a young patient who following a short history of vomiting and abdominal pain developed carpopedal spasm and distal parasthesia on a background of Gitelman syndrome. Biochemical blood analysis showed a marked hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia and mild metabolic alkalosis in addition to a prolonged QTc interval of 592 ms seen on ECG. Following fluid replacement and electrolyte correction his clinical symptoms resolved along with QTc normalisation. This case demonstrates a patient with a rare and interesting renal disorder who presented with typical biochemical and ECG abnormalities in addition to tetany in the presence of normal plasma calcium.
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PMID:Localised normocalcaemic tetany secondary to dehydration in an individual with Gitelman syndrome. 2363 12

Carpopedal spasm have various causes ranging from dsyselecrolytemia, syndromic, metabolic or endocrine causes. Any of these could cause a decrease in ionized calcium and tetany. Excessive vomiting leading to alkalosis, hypokaleamia and decreased ionised calcium should be kept in mind for early etiological diagnosis of carpopedal spasm. We report a case of 4-year-old boy presenting with a history of recurrent painful spasm and flexion of bilateral hands following excessive vomiting and electrolyte derangement.
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PMID:Carpopedal spasm in a 4 year old boy with persisted vomiting and dyselectrolytemia in Wesley Guild Hospital Ilesa. 3138 58