Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty patients of grade III & IV malnutrition with diarrhoeal dehydration were rehydrated using the WHO recommended ORS. Serum sodium and potassium levels were estimated at admission and 24 hours later. Forty seven patients were successfully rehydrated orally. In 7 patients the level of dehydration at initial assessment was overestimated. Periorbital edema developed in 25.5% of the patients rehydrated. No patient had cardiac failure or convulsions during therapy. Though persistent hyponatremia and hypokalemia were found in 10.6% and 19.15% cases respectively after rehydration, the incidence decreased as compared to the pre-hydration levels and was comparable to that found in malnourished children without diarrhea who served as controls in the present study. Oral rehydration was discontinued in three patients due to development of excessive vomiting in one case and paralytic ileus in two. Thus WHO ORS can be used safely in children with severe malnutrition but constant monitoring is required.
 ...
PMID:Oral rehydration therapy in severely malnourished children with diarrheal dehydration. 139 64

Cocaine abuse is associated with a constellation of serious medical complications. An unrecognized and recently described complication of cocaine use is rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure. We describe the first patient identified in our institution with this entity, admitted to the medical services with oliguric acute renal failure. Three days prior to admission the patient had a cocaine snorting binge. He presented with bilateral flank pain, gross hematuria, vomiting and chills. No history of crush injury, prolonged immobilization and or seizures was reported. On admission the vital signs were normal, physical exam revealed periorbital edema and marked soft tissue neck swelling. Lab values: Bun 120 mgs%, Creat. 10.7 mgs%, Na 132 meq/lt, Co2 13mq/lt, Cl, 103meq/lt, Co2 13meq/lt, Ca 5.3 mgs%, CPK 30,800 U/L with a MM fraction of 98%, LDH 600 U/L, SGOT 300 U/L. The urine was dark red with a ph of 6.5 and 100 rbc/hpf. The anti-GBM antibody and blood cultures were negative. An abdominal sonogram was normal. He received peritoneal dialysis and was discharged on his 14th hospital day with a CPK of 2,800 U/L and decreasing azotemia. Cocaine associated rhabdomyolysis has only been recently described in the literature (AJM April, 88). Acute myoglobinuric renal failure needs to be added to the growing list of medical complications of cocaine use.
 ...
PMID:Cocaine and rhabdomyolysis: report of a case and review of the literature. 207 48

Four patients had trichinosis after consuming raw home-butchered pork. The patients had fever, myalgias, periorbital edema, and conjunctivitis. All of the patients had nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea (corresponding to the intestinal phase of the infection) seven to ten days before the onset of fever and myalgias. Laboratory findings included eosinophilia, elevated serum CPK and aldolase values, and seroconversion of Trichinella serology one month after onset of myalgias. The patients were treated with mebendazole and prednisone and recovered uneventfully.
 ...
PMID:Common-source outbreak of trichinosis associated with eating raw home-butchered pork. 304 86

Menetrier's disease is a rare disease with unknown etiology characterized by protein-losing hypertrophic gastropathy and hypoproteinemia. We report on a 4-year-old boy who presented with a 2-week history of vomiting and periorbital edema. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed prominent gastric rugae, while pathological examination showed hyperplastic mucosa with proliferation, elongation, and basal cystic dilatation of the gastric glands replaced by mucous-secreting epithelium, confirming the diagnosis of Menetrier's disease. Virus isolation from urine revealed cytomegalovirus (CMV); and CMV immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M antibodies were detected in the serum. His condition gradually improved under omeprazole, with complete histological recovery after 3 months.
 ...
PMID:Menetrier's disease associated with cytomegalovirus infection in a child. 1119 43

In a phase I study conducted by the EORTC Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group, 40 patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas, most of whom had gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), received imatinib at doses of 400 mg q.d., 300 mg b.i.d., 400 mg b.i.d., or 500 mg b.i.d. Dose-limiting toxicities, including severe nausea, vomiting, edema and rash, were seen at the highest dose level; the maximum tolerated dose was therefore 400 mg b.i.d. Imatinib was active in the group of 35 patients with GISTs, producing partial responses in 19 (54%) patients and stable disease in 13 patients (37%). Responding patients have now been followed for a minimum of 10 months. The most common side effects seen in patients continuing on therapy have been periorbital edema (40%), peripheral edema (37.5%), fatigue (30%), skin rash (30%) and nausea/vomiting (25%). Severe late myelosuppression has also been seen occasionally. Eighteen (51%) GIST patients continue to have partial responses and 11 (31%) continue with stable disease. Thus, 82% of patients with GISTs are still obtaining clinically important benefits with continued imatinib therapy. Some patients showed accelerated progressive disease shortly after starting imatinib. On the other hand, following drug withdrawal, 2 patients had reductions in tumor burden and remain alive without drug therapy. In summary, imatinib is generally well tolerated and has significant activity during long-term treatment of patients with advanced GISTs.
 ...
PMID:Update of phase I study of imatinib (STI571) in advanced soft tissue sarcomas and gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a report of the EORTC Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group. 1252 78

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are effective in the targeted treatment of various malignancies. Imatinib was the first to be introduced into clinical oncology, and it was followed by drugs such as gefitinib, erlotinib, sorafenib, sunitinib, and dasatinib. Although they share the same mechanism of action, namely competitive ATP inhibition at the catalytic binding site of tyrosine kinase, they differ from each other in the spectrum of targeted kinases, their pharmacokinetics as well as substance-specific adverse effects. With variations from drug to drug, tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause skin toxicity, including folliculitis, in more than 50% of patients. Among the tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are commercially available as yet, the agents that target EGFR, erlotinib and gefitinib, display the broadest spectrum of adverse effects on skin and hair, including folliculitis, paronychia, facial hair growth, facial erythema, and varying forms of frontal alopecia. In contrast, folliculitis is not common during administration of sorafenib and sunitinib, which target VEGFR, PDGFR, FLT3, and others, whereas both agents have been associated with subungual splinter hemorrhages. Periorbital edema is a common adverse effect of imatinib. Besides the haematological side effects of most of TKIs like anemia, thrombopenia and neutropenia, the most common extra-heamatologic adverse effects are edema, nausea, hypothyroidism, vomiting and diarrhea. Regarding possible long term effects, recently cardiac toxicity with congestive heart failure is under debate in patients receiving imatinib and sunitinib therapy; however, this observation was probably relate to patients selection, although, TKIs overall appear to be a very well tolerated drug class.
 ...
PMID:Tyrosine kinase inhibitors - a review on pharmacology, metabolism and side effects. 1968 44

Human trichinellosis is an important food-borne zoonosis caused by a nematode worm, Trichinella. The symptoms of the disease vary widely depending on the infection load, stage of infection and host immunity and include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, facial edema and muscle pain. The disease is usually characterized by moderate to high eosinophilia. We hereby discuss an atypical case of trichinellosis, which presented with myositis of the thigh muscles but had no eosinophilia and no facial or periorbital edema and was associated with osteomyelitis of the femur. The diagnosis was made by the demonstration of anti-trichinella antibodies and later confirmed by the presence of larvae of Trichinella in the digested muscle biopsy. Physicians must be aware of trichinosis and should include it in their differential diagnosis when examining patients with fever and myositis with or without eosinophilia.
 ...
PMID:Atypical trichinellosis without eosinophilia associated with osteomyelitis. 2183 32

A 60-year-old woman presented with diplopia and left periorbital edema and pressure, which developed during an anxiety attack the previous day. Examination revealed left inferotemporal globe dystopia, periorbital edema, ecchymosis, and limitation in supraduction. Orbital MRI confirmed the diagnosis of a superior subperiosteal orbital hematoma. The patient's signs and symptoms rapidly resolved with administration of oral corticosteroids. The patient remains asymptomatic with complete resolution of orbital signs at 3-month follow-up. Subperiosteal orbital hematoma (SOH) is a rare condition in which blood accumulates between the bony orbit and separated periosteum, and is often due to blunt head trauma. Non-traumatic SOH (NTSOH) is exceedingly rare and usually associated with known coagulopathies or tendency to bleed. However, few cases of spontaneous NTSOH have been reported without any such predisposition and are thought to be caused by sudden elevations in intrathoracic and intracranial venous pressure such as vomiting, coughing, SCUBA diving, weight lifting and labor. We herein describe the presentation, radiography and outcome of a unique case of spontaneous NTSOH following an anxiety attack.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous subperiosteal hematoma precipitated by anxiety attack. 2406 22

Imatinib mesylate is a widely used tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. Imatinib has contributed to complete and prolong cytogenetic responses so that it is now the standard treatment of CML. Recently, Imatinib mesylate has shown a significantly prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival in metastatic and locally advanced c-Kit positive gastro-intestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and more recently a prolonged disease-free survival in operated high risk GIST. Imatinib is a welltolerated treatment with few side effects mainly gastro-intestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea), headaches, rash and periorbital edema. Hemorrhage incidents are rare in patients treated with Imatinib. They are more frequently seen in CML patients. Hemorrhage incidents in CML include in many cases upper gastro-intestinal (GI) tract bleeding and central nervous system bleeding in rare ones. In GIST patients treated with Imatinib, hemorrhage incidents are exclusively made of upper GI tract bleeding consecutive to tumor perforation or necrosis. In our observation, we present the case of a subdural hematoma occurring in a patient treated with adjuvant Imatinib for a high risk localized gastric GIST. No other case of subdural hematoma in GIST treated with Imatinib has been reported in literature.
...
PMID:Subdural hematoma during therapy of gastro-intestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with Imatinib mesylate. 2568 60

A 3-year-old boy with high-risk precursor-B ALL presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and hypoalbuminemia just before his second scheduled course of high-dose methotrexate in interim maintenance. Examination was significant for epigastric tenderness and periorbital edema. Abdominal imaging revealed a circumferential thickening of the stomach with an increased mucosal enhancement and a mild circumferential thickening of segments of small bowel loops. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) of the patient, determined by PCR, in blood was positive with a low titer and was subsequently negative. Upper endoscopy revealed hypertrophic rugae and folds in the stomach and duodenum, and biopsy showed giant gastric folds and foveolar hyperplasia but was negative for CMV. He received supportive care and a 2-week course of ganciclovir and Cytogam with clinical improvement. We report a case of Menetrier's disease (Protein-losing gastropathy), which was diagnosed in a child with acute leukemia. Menetrier's disease should be considered in any patient with symptoms referable to the gastrointestinal tract and thickened stomach and bowel loops detected by radiologic imaging.
 ...
PMID:Menetrier's disease (protein-losing gastropathy) in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 3308 10


1