Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a retrospective study, all patients of the hemato-oncology department of the Centre Hospitalier who were treated from 1988 to 1997 by chemoembolisation for liver metastases were analysed for treatment-related hospitalisation duration, side effects and complications, in order to assess the treatment burden. Major side-effects were: pain in 17 of 29 patients, nausea in 8, vomiting in 7, persistent hickup in 3, fever in 12, a temporary confusional state in 4 patients. 1 patient experienced syncope, 2 patients developed homolateral pleral effusions, 1 patient suffered transient supraventricular arrhythmias. Major complications included 1 hemoperitoneum (under anticoagulant therapy), 1 hemorrhagic gastritis, 1 acute cholecystitis due to inflammatory tumoral choledochal obstruction and one iatrogenous acute pancreatic ischemic necrosis. Two patients died of post-embolic acute hepatic insufficiency, one 10 days, one 41 days after the last treatment session). In summary, chemo-embolisation of liver metastases is a complication-burdened treatment in a strictly palliative setting with inestimable efficacy. The treatment modalities have to be discussed with the patient beforehand and preferably in controlled study setting. Large randomised trials may indicate patients' subgroups for benefit.
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PMID:Complications and hospitalisation--duration after chemoembolisation for liver metastases. 1110 Jan 73

Clinical evidence and recent genetic findings seem to indicate an involvement of dopamine in the pathophysiology of the migraine attack. Prodromal symptomatology (mood changes, yawning, drowsiness, food craving), accompanying symptoms (nausea, vomiting, hypotension) and postdromal symptoms (mood changes, drowsiness, tiredness) may be related to dopaminergic activation. The dopaminergic system could also play a role in the headache phase, either by taking part in nociception mechanisms, or by regulating cerebral blood flow. A body of pharmacological findings seems to support this involvement. Migraine patients, between attacks, show a higher responsiveness to acute administration of dopaminergic agents. Apomorphine administration induces in migraineurs more yawns as well other dopaminergic symptoms e.g. nausea, vomiting, dizziness. Migraine has been associated with hypotension and, occasionally, with syncope. Bromocriptine causes severe orthostatic syndrome in migraine patients. Both piribedil and apomorphine markedly increase cerebral blood flow of migraine patients, thus indicating enhanced responsiveness of dopamine receptors which are involved in cerebral blood flow regulation. Interictal dopaminergic hypersensitivity has also been demonstrated by means of neuroendocrine tests. Altered dopaminergic control of prolactin secretion exists in migrainous women. L-deprenyl, a MAO-B inhibitor, is significantly more effective in reducing prolactin levels in migraineurs than in controls. Taken together, these findings support the view that hypersensitivity of peripheral and central dopaminergic receptors is a specific migraine trait. Finally, a high density of lymphocytic D5 receptors has been found in migraine sufferers, thus suggesting their upregulation. Therefore, the hypothesis that dopaminergic activation is a primary pathophysiological component in certain subtypes of migraine, namely those characterised by marked dopaminergic symptomatology, has been advanced. From this perspective, a blockade of dopaminergic hyperresponsive receptors can be considered as a rationale for the therapy of migraine.
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PMID:Dopamine involvement in the migraine attack. 1120 Jul 88

A 50-year-old fisherman was stung in his right hand by a Great Weever fish (Trachinus draco). The crew did not have sufficient medical knowledge to adequately treat him on board. Severe pain, oedema of the hand, fever, vomiting and syncope occurred. Treatment with antibiotics, on board, after disembarkation and later in hospital for six days reduced the severity of the symptoms. However, two years after the accident, the patient still suffered from a dysfunction of the right hand as well as extreme fatigue and intermittent joint complaints. The symptoms mostly commonly arising from a Weever fish sting are: severe pain, local erythema and oedema. Systemic symptoms may sometimes occur: headache, syncope, bradycardia, fever and hypotension. The symptoms of continuous joint pain and severe fatigue following a Weever sting have not been previously described. The Weever fish venom contains a mixture of biogenous amines, of which some are known: 5-hydroxytryptamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and histamine. The venom's composition has yet to be fully elucidated. In the event of a Weever fish sting, the first aid which should be given is: clean the wound and immerse the affected part of the body for at least 30 minutes in water which is as hot as the victim can tolerate (40-45 degrees C). Persons at risk from Weever fish stings are bathers, especially from the Lesser Weever fish (Echiichthys vipera), and sea fishermen. General practitioners and first aiders in coastal areas as well as sea fishermen should be informed about the first aid to be given in the event of a Weever sting.
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PMID:[Chronic pain and impairment of function after a sting by the great weaver fish (Trachinus draco)]. 1137 1

Syncope is defined as a temporary interruption of cerebral perfusion with a sudden and transient loss of consciousness and spontaneous recovery. Approximately one third of the population experiences syncope at least once during a lifetime. Presyncopal signs and symptoms, including weakness, headache, blurred vision, diaphoresis, nausea, and vomiting are sometimes present for seconds or minutes prior to loss of consciousness. After syncope, the patients may present with persisting drowsiness, headache, dizziness, nausea, but not usually confusion. Causes of syncope have been categorized as cardiovascular, non-cardiovascular, and unexplained. Cardiovascular causes can be subdivided into structural heart disease, coronary heart disease, and arrhythmia. Non-cardiovascular causes include neurological, metabolic, psychiatric and other disorders.Orthostatic hypotension - one of the most frequent causes of syncope - has manifold etiologies comprising various neurological and internal diseases. Orthostatic hypotension usually can be attributed to an impairment of peripheral vasoconstriction or to a reduction of the intravascular volume. Signs and symptoms, including the above prodromi are often present just after rising from a supine or sitting position. Frequently, blood pressure decreases significantly without an increase in heart rate. Autonomic cardiovascular modulation is often reduced. Many of the patients with "unexplained" syncope experience neurally mediated (i. e. neurocardiogenic or vasovagal) syncope. In these patients, cardiovascular control may be stable for an extended period of time during orthostatic stress, then there is a sudden decrease in blood pressure and heart rate. Neurocardiogenic or neurally mediated syncope can be associated with painful or emotionally stressful situations such as anxiety or fear, with prolonged standing or specific trigger situations such as micturition, defecation, coughing or sneezing, visceral or carotid sinus stimulation, or with trigeminal or glossopharyngeal neuralgia. So far, the mechanisms of neurocardiogenic syncope are not completely understood. The passive 60 degrees to 70 degrees head-up tilt test is useful for the diagnosis of orthostatic and neurally mediated syncope. The sensitivity of the test can be improved by additional pharmacological provocation, e. g. by isoproterenol, or by increased orthostatic stress using lower body negative pressure stimulation. For the treatment of syncope one should first consider non-pharmacological options. Patients with orthostatic hypotension should avoid rapid changes of the body position from supine to standing, as well as high room temperature or other situations inducing peripheral vasodilatation. An increased intake of sodium and fluids, mild physical exercise or so-called postural counter-maneuvers can improve orthostatic tolerance. Among the drugs recommended for pharmacologic treatment are mineralocorticoids (e. g. fludrocortisone), vasoconstrictor agents (e. g. ephedrine, midodrine), adenosine receptor blockers (theophylline) and beta2-blockers (propanolol), anticholinergic agents, e. g. scopolamine or disopyramide, and negative cardiac inotropes, e. g. beta1-adrenergic blockers or disopyramide. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e. g. fluoxetine, sertraline), alpha2-adrenergic agonists (clonidine), central nervous system stimulants such as methylphenidate or phentermine are thought to be beneficial in specific cases. Cardiac pacemakers often seem to be recommended without adequate indication. The antidiuretic, V2-receptor specific, vasopressin analogue desmopressin increases the intravascular volume. Erythropoietin improves anemia and red blood cell decrease and augments blood pressure and cerebral oxygenation. In postprandial hypotension, octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, prostaglandin inhibitors such as indomethacin or ibuprofen, as well as metoclopramide or two cups of coffee per day might be beneficial.
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PMID:[Syncope - a systematic overview of classification, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management]. 1182 26

Coricidin products seemed to be one of the over-the-counter medications being reportedly abused by adolescents, as observed from the Texas Poison Center Network data. This retrospective chart review investigated the occurrence of abuse, developed a patient profile, and defined the clinical effects resulting from the abuse of Coricidin products. Data collected from the Texas Poison Center Network Toxic Exposure Surveillance System database included human exposures between 1998 and 1999, patients > or = 10y old, intentional use or abuse, and single substance ingestion of I of the tablet formulations of Coricidin. Thirty-three cases from 1998 and 59 cases from 1999 were reviewed. Of these cases, 85% met the inclusion criteria. Of the 7 medications searched, only 4 substances were coded for: Coricidin D, Coricidin D (long acting), Coricidin D (cold, flu & sinus) and Coriciding HBP. These contain a combination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide, chlorpheniramine maleate, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, and acetaminophen. Of the 78 cases, 63% were male and 38% were female. The mean age was 14.67 years, 77% being between 13 to 17 years old. Eighteen different symptoms were reported: tachycardia 50%, somnolence 24.4%, mydriasis and hypertension 16.7%, agitation 12.8%, disorientation 10.3%, slurred speech 9%, ataxia 6.4%, vomiting 5.1%, dry mouth and hallucinations 3.9%, tremor 2.6%, and headache, dizziness, syncope, seizure, chest pain, and nystagmus each 1.3%; 12.8% of the calls originated from the school nurse. The incidence of abuse reported increased 60% from 1998 to 1999. This worrisome trend suggests increased abuse of these products.
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PMID:A possible trend suggesting increased abuse from Coricidin exposures reported to the Texas Poison Network: comparing 1998 to 1999. 1204 73

This report describes a long-term survival case of left ventricular free wall rupture treated with percutaneous intrapericardial fibrin-glue fixation therapy. A 82-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room because of vomiting and syncope diagnosed as acute posterolateral myocardial infarction complicated by cardiac tamponade. After her hemodynamic condition was stabilized by drawing off the bloody pericardial effusion, fibrin-glue was injected into pericardial space with the expectation that the glue would cover the oozing site of the left ventricular epicardium. After this therapy, the patient recovered and did not have any no recurrent cardiac events for 1 year. Serial echocardiographic studies revealed a preserved left ventricular function and no development of left ventricular restriction. This case suggests that percutaneous intrapericardial fibrin-glue fixation therapy is an effective treatment for the oozing type of left ventricular free wall rupture and that there is no risk of left ventricular restriction during long-term follow-up.
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PMID:Long-term usefulness of percutaneous intrapericardial fibrin-glue fixation therapy for oozing type of left ventricular free wall rupture: a case report. 1213 43

A needs assessment of 274 women admitted for delivery to the Maternity Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, in a 1-week period in 1994 revealed an alarming incidence (94.1%) of maternal morbidity during pregnancy and delivery. 90.9% of women were under 30 years of age and 47.2% were primiparous; 75.5% were urban residents and 49.6% had no formal education. 89.4% of women reported at least one problem during pregnancy and, of these, 82.0% experienced multiple morbidities. These illnesses included dizziness (60.9%), excessive vomiting (56.2%), swelling of the hands and feet (36.9%), fever exceeding 3 days' duration (26.3%), blurred vision (24.1%), and urinary problems (19.7%). 62.0% of women sought medical care, primarily from a government hospital, for at least 1 pregnancy-related illness. Delivery-related problems included labor exceeding 18 hours (17.6%), heavy bleeding (25.2%), and fainting (10.9%). Among the 136 women who had at least 1 delivery prior to the index pregnancy, 16.9% experienced urinary canal damage or infection, 38.2% had uterine pain, and 33.1% reported breast pain. Although most of the problems recorded in this study were not life-threatening, it is reasonable to assume that so large a morbidity burden affected the pregnant women's productivity and the well-being of their families. A larger, more comprehensive study of the nature and magnitude of maternal morbidity in Nepal is planned.
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PMID:Maternal morbidity among women admitted for delivery at a public hospital in Kathmandu. 1215 44

Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) has recently been popularized as an effective treatment in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We treated 8 anemic MDS patients (refractory anemia [RA] and refractory anemia with excess blasts [RAEB-1]) with ATG (40 mg/kg/d for 4 days) and prednisone in a phase 2 trial. The study was stopped early according to a preset termination rule because of lack of efficacy. There were no salutary responses. Toxicities included serum sickness (in all patients), transient neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, vomiting, and syncope with a generalized seizure. At least 3 patients had the HLA-DR15 (DR2) allele. We conclude that the risk-benefit ratio of ATG in an unselected population of MDS patients may be unfavorable, and more work is needed to define the subset of patients who will respond to ATG before its widespread use can be recommended.
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PMID:Antithymocyte globulin has limited efficacy and substantial toxicity in unselected anemic patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. 1459 10

Eight adults ingested foothill camas (Zigadenus paniculatus) bulbs in Juab County, Utah, believing them to be nontoxic wild bulbs. All who ingested the bulbs became ill, and three of them required admission for supportive care. All patients had nausea; other findings included vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, near syncope, hypotension, and bradycardia. No specific antidote is available for intoxication with Zigadenus species. Supportive care is indicated and atropine may benefit those with sympytomatic bradycardia and hypotension.
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PMID:Intoxication with foothill camas (Zigadenus paniculatus). 1264 69

Potassium deficiency predisposes to cardiac arrhythmias culminating in syncope or sudden death. Because of the uncertainty related to the possible occurrence of such cardiac arrhythmias in the context of normotensive-hypokalemic tubulopathies, 19 European pediatric nephrologists with a large experience of normotensive-hypokalemic tubulopathies were asked to answer a questionnaire. The responses suggest that inherited normotensive-hypokalemic tubulopathies per se do not strongly predispose to dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. However, cardiac arrhythmias may be acutely precipitated by drugs that prolong the QT interval, by diarrhea, or vomiting, and perhaps even by physical activity. Finally, the likelihood of dangerous arrhythmias in normotensive-hypokalemic tubulopathy is currently unknown.
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PMID:Prevention of cardiac arrhythmias in pediatric patients with normotensive-hypokalemic tubulopathy. Current attitude among European pediatricians. 1292 Nov 6


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