Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A family with hereditary pancreatitis is described. Nine family members definitely have had pancreatitis, whilst 15 more are suspected of having the disease. The condition presents as recurrent attacks of epigastric or central abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the back, often associated with vomiting. The attacks of pain usually last three to four days. The inheritance fits well with an autosomal dominant pattern with limited penetrance, as it does in other families described in the literature. There is no aminoaciduria as has been described in some previously reported families. The attacks of pain start in childhood or young adult life (mean age of onset inthis family is 12-6 years) and appear to cease in this family by the age of 40 years. The diagnosis of pancreatitis in members of the family who have had confirmed pancreatitis was made by finding a raised serum amylase concentration in four cases, at laparotomy in four cases, and by pancreatic calcification seen on radiography in one case, The literature on the condition is reviewed, and it is speculated that the condition may have been underdiagnosed in Britain.
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PMID:A British family with herediatary pancreatitis. 107 96

During the 1st stage of the clinical trials of karminomycin 92 patients with leukemia, solid tumors and lymphoma were treated with karminomycin. Two schemes for the antibiotic use were developed. The 1st scheme was a prolonged one with single doses of 10-15 mg (7.5 mg/m2) administered intravenously twice a week for 3 weeks, the course dose being 60-75 mg (34-45 mg/m2) with 4-week intervals between the courses. The course dose for the patients previously subjected to intensive chemotherapy did not exceed 50 mg (30 mg/m2). The 2nd scheme was a short one with single doses of 8-10 mg (5.5 mg/m2) administered intravenously every day for 5 days, the course dose being 40-50 mg (23-30 mg/m2) with 3-week intervals between the courses. Karminomycin induced in a number of patients a direct side effect, such as nausea, vomiting, asthenia, tachycardia, pain in the heart. In some patients leucopenia, thrombocitopenia, rare stomatitis, alopecia, lowered T peak in the chest curves of the cardiograms were observed after using the course dose.
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PMID:[First phase in the clinical study of the antineoplastic antibiotic, carminomycin]. 110 12

In 70 patients (maxillo-facial-, neurosurgical-, abdominal- and gynaecological operations) the technique of "analgetic anaesthesia" using high doses of fentanyl (0.025 mg/kg body weight) and naloxone as its antagonist (0.02 mg/kg body weight) has been employed. All patients were artificially ventilated with N2O/O2 in a 3:1 ratio. Muscle relaxation was achieved with pancuronium-bromide (0.08 mg/kg). The patients had no apparent heart or lung disease. The youngest patient was 4 years of age, the oldest 82 years of age (average age 48.9). The necessity for a reinjection of fentanyl (half the initial dose) was determined by continously monitoring heart rate. This variable appeared to be the most subtle index indicating a reduction in analgesia. Sufficient analgesia was maintained once the heart rate stayed 20% below preanaesthetic levels. At the end of the operation naloxone reversed the respiratory depression. There was no evidence indicating postoperative pain, which may have required administration of additional analgesics. If deep analgesia was maintained up to the last surgical procedures no emesis appeared in the post operative period. The incidence of emesis was higher 10% compared to the classical neuroleptanalgesia with droperidol this was often noted in cases where blood accumulated in the stomach (maxillo-facial operations) (70%). In 3% of all cases psychomotor agitation with delirium appeared right after the injection of naloxone. This lasted for about 15 minutes. We suspect that due to the sudden and powerful effect of naxolone, in replacing fentanyl from its receptor site, acute withdrawal symptoms may be precipitated.
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PMID:[High doses of fentanyl as the sole anaesthetic agent and naloxone as its antagonist (author's transl)]. 113 60

This study examines the efficacy and side effects of 15-methyl-prostaglandins F2alpha (PGF2a) free acid administered intramuscularly for midtrimester abortion. 50 healthy women aged 14 to 37 years and between 12 to 18 weeks gestation were randomly selected from the abortion clinic at the Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center, Women's Hospital to participate in the study. The prostaglandin preparation was supplied in ampules containing 1.1 mg. in 2.2 ml. of aqueous solution. The injection was given every 2 hours until the fetus was expelled or for a maximum of 12 injections. Vital signs of the patients were closely monitored. 46% (23) of the subjects aborted within 12 hours and 90% within 27 hours. Mean injection-abortion time was 13.5 hours (range, 5 3/4 to 27 hours). The effectiveness and rapidity of abortion was related with gestational age: the lower the gestational age, the shorter the abortion time. Women with more than 17 weeks gestation had a higher failure rate. Mean number of injections was 7.5. 5 patients failed to abort with prostaglandin alone, all of them primigravidas and weighing in excess of 150 lbs; supplemental therapy was provided. Side effects and complications associated with 15-methyl-PGF2a included: emesis (66%); diarrhea (76%); flushing (12%); chills (4%); fever of 100 degrees Fahrenheit (12%); pain requiring medication (16%); and blood loss (6%). The success of this method appears to be related to dosage; parity; gestational age; weight of patient; and frequency of administration. Although there were side effects, these were outweighed by rapid abortion time, mild contractions, and ease of administration. Asthma is the only medical contraindication to prostaglandin therapy.
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PMID:Midtrimester abortion with intramuscular injection of 15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha. 113 40

Restovar, a low dose combined oral contraceptive containing .75 mg lynestrenol and 37.5 mcg ethinyl estradiol was given to 83 women for up to 25 cycles or 1265 total. A cycle contained 22 pills begun on the first day of menstruation or withdrawal bleeding from previous pill cycles. Each woman was questioned regularly on side effects and bleeding, had weight and blood pressure taken, and received gynecologic exams before and after pill treatment. There were no pregnancies. Latency from end of the cycle to bleeding was 2-3 days in 87%; cycles lasted 28 days in 80%; bleeding lasted 3-4 days in 84%; flow was moderate in 72%; and spotting occurred in 4.2% of cylces and breakthrough bleeding in 2.4%; withdrawal bleeding was absent in 4.2% of cycles. The most common side effects were breast pain in 1.9% of cycles and headaches in 1.2%. These complaints as well as nausea, vomiting, leucorrhea, nervousness and depression were reported as less frequent or absent more often than present or aggravated. 6 women quit for drug related reasons. There was no significant weight change or hypertension (means 126/82 and 120/80 before and during Restovar. Thus this low dose pill is remarkably effective and well tolerated.
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PMID:[Clinical study of restovar, an oral contraceptive with a low estrogen content]. 114 76

It has been reported that intra-amniotic administration of 15-methyl PGF2a (prostaglandin F2alpha) for abortion results in a high level of uterine contractility, a high rate of success, and a low incidence of side effects. This study assesses the abortifacient activity of 15-methyl PGF2alpha administered intramuscularly in 80 healthy women aged 14 to 40 with gestational ages between 8 and 22 weeks. 56 patients were nulliparious. Transabdominal intra-amniotic pressure monitoring was used to measure uterine contractility and to establish an effective dose schedule. 350 to 520 mcg of 15-methyl PGF2a were administered intramuscularly at 2-hour intervals until the onset of abortion. Intravenous oxytocin was infused in 6 cases to facilitate passage of retained placental tissue. Medications were given to reduce diarrhea, vomiting, and pain. All patients aborted. Total drug dose ranged from 900 to 8400 mcg; mean dose was 3254.32 mcg. Duration of treatment ranged from 4 to 34 hours. Induction-abortion time ranged from 5.5 to 35 hours, with mean interval of 15.70 hours. 89% of the patients experienced gastrointestinal side effects. 14 patients had temperature elevation more than or equal to 100.6 degrees F. There were no significant complications. The 15-methyl PGF2a patients were matched with 80 gravidas who had abortion using PGE2 20 mg vaginal suppositories. There were no statistical differences in interval to abortion between the 2 groups.
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PMID:Interruption of pregnancy by prostaglandin 15-methyl F2alpha. 114

In the two years - 1st January, 1973 to 31st December, 1974 - 533 patients had operation for tubal pregnancy at the Gynaecology Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. About five cases per week were seen during this period. The incidence was 44 for every thousand deliveries at the Hospital. The case notes of 404 of the 533 patients have been reviewed. The age range was 15 to 44 years; 78% were in the 21 to 35 years age group. 81.4% had had pregnancies which went beyond 28 weeks. Only 13.7% had never had an intrauterine pregnancy. Tubal pregnancy is therefore not a disease of the primarily infertile as is commonly thought. There was no significant difference between the incidence on the right side and the incidence on the left side. The ampulla was the commonest site of implantation in the tube (45%). Tubal rupture (89.6%) was commoner than tubal abortion (10.4%). The principal signs and symptoms were abdominal pain, amenorrhoea, abdominal tenderness, abdominal distension, and signs of free fluid in the abdomen, syncope, anomalous vaginal bleeding, pallor and vomiting. The absence of amenorrhoea does not rule out the possibility of an ectopic. On pelvic examination the major signs were tenderness in a fornix and cervical excitation pain. Abdominal paracentesis and culdocentesis if positive are useful in diagnosis; negative results prove nothing. Laparascopy is of great value and should be employed in the difficult case. Beware of the patient in the reproductive age with anomalous vaginal bleeding, vague abdominal pains, syncopic attacks and anaemia. The mortality rate in the series was 0.7%.
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PMID:Tubal pregnancy: a review of 404 cases. 123 87

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver is a benign tumour with a cirrhosis-like appearance. The tumour is rare, but it is a relevant differential diagnosis in young patients with a hepatic mass. Radiologically and grossly FNH cannot be distinguished from malignant tumours. Biopsy with frozen section usually provides the diagnosis. There is no evidence that FNH is premalignant. Only a few patients have symptoms requiring treatment (pain, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting) and complications (weight loss, portal compression) are extremely rare. The preferred treatment for symptomatic tumours is removal. In patients without symptoms FNH can be left untreated without any undue risk.
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PMID:Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver. Five cases. 125 Nov 35

In the majority of patients in this series of 1,000, acute abdominal pain was due to conditions that required neither surgical intervention nor hospitalization. Eleven of the 1,000 patients had an early missed diagnosis in the emergency clinic for which a subsequent operation was needed, and twenty underwent an operation which subsequent diagnosis showed was not required. All false-negative evaluations occurred in patients with early appendicitis or small bowel obstruction. Most false-positive results were due to acute infections of the female genitourinary tract in patients operated on to exclude appendicitis or a tubo-ovarian abscess. The following factors help identify the high risk patient with an acute surgical abdomen: (1) pain for less than 48 hours; (2) pain followed by vomiting; (3) guarding and rebound tenderness on physical examination; (4) advanced age; (5) a prior surgical procedure. The presence of these features demands careful evaluation and a liberal policy of admission and observation. White blood cell counts, body temperature, and abnormal abdominal roentgenograms may add confirmatory evidence but are not particularly helpful as screening devices.
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PMID:Abdominal pain. An analysis of 1,000 consecutive cases in a University Hospital emergency room. 125 63

The authors present 3 cases which illustrate the wide spectrum of clinical presentations of gastrocolic fistula. These complications include (a) pain, feculent vomiting, and diarrhea; (b) gastrointestinal hemorrhage; and (c) peritonitis. The gastric ulcer is easily detected by a barium meal study although a barium enema may be necessary to show the fistulous communication. The relationship of this condition to steroids and acetylsalicyclic acid is stressed. Two other cases are included to illustrate the development of such a fistula and show the distinguishing features of a gastrocolic fistula due to carcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Gastrocolic fistula as a complication of benign gastric ulcer. 125 59


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