Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten patients who were premature born and had intracranial/intraventricular hemorrhage and developed hydrocephalus in early life were treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts because of progression of the hydrocephalus. The hydrocephalus remained well controlled but in a follow-up period of 2 months to 7 years after shunt placement the patients developed an isolated fourth ventricle that required treatment. The presenting symptoms varied: increasing head size, fontanelle fullness, irritability difficulty with swallowing, vomiting, hypoactivity, headaches and lethargy. One patient presented with full cardiorespiratory arrest and expired. The remainder on neuroimaging studies revealed an extremely large fourth ventricle creating a mass effect and very small (slit-like) lateral ventricles, indicating a functioning lateral ventricle-peritoneal shunt. These patients were treated with the placement of a fourth ventricle shunt catheter and connection to the existing shunt, with resolution of symptoms. Premature infants with hydrocephalus need to be followed and assessed for findings of the syndrome of the isolated fourth ventricle in an attempt to prevent sudden neurological deterioration.
 ...
PMID:Spectrum of the syndrome of the isolated fourth ventricle in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of the premature infant. 213 41

Propionic acidemia is a rare hereditary disease which is an autosomal recessive disorder. Defect of propionyl CoA carboxylase results in abnormal accumulation of propionate and its metabolites which interfere the pathway of glycine cleavage and the urea cycle. This organic acidemia is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical and biochemical findings, including recurrent vomiting, difficult feeding, lethargy, hypotonia, metabolic ketoacidosis, hyperglycinemia and hyperammonemia during the acute episodes. We present a male newborn infant who sustained this disorder and was managed successfully with blood exchange transfusion, peritoneal dialysis, supplemented with sodium benzoate and sodium bicarbonate therapy. Urine gas chromatography disclosed significant elevation of propionate and its metabolites which subsided 2 days after peritoneal dialysis. Special designed formula was then given with restriction of protein intake and supplement with sodium benzoate and sodium carbonate. Prenatal genetic counseling is necessary in further pregnancy. Diagnosis can be obtained when propionyl CoA carboxylase activity is low in cultured amniotic fluid cells or chorion villi sample or when there is abnormally high methylcitrate level in amniotic fluid.
 ...
PMID:[Propionic acidemia: report of a case that is successfully managed by peritoneal dialysis and sodium benzoate therapy]. 217 70

Violent shaking causes severe injury in infants, but the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome is often difficult to make because of the lack of obvious external signs. Consultations by other specialists may not be helpful, since the findings of most organ systems, taken in isolation, are usually nonspecific. Shaken baby syndrome should be considered in infants presenting with seizures, failure to thrive, vomiting associated with lethargy or drowsiness, hypothermia, bradycardia, hypertension or hypotension, respiratory irregularities, coma or death. Shaken babies are usually less than one year old, and most are under six months of age. Head injury (notably subdural hemorrhage) and retinal hemorrhages are the hallmarks of the syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Shaken baby syndrome. 218 31

A 14-year-old boy, suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia with meningeal involvement, was treated with intraventricular methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside, administered via an Ommaya reservoir (OR). Three months later, right occipital headache, vomiting, and lethargy appeared. Cerebrospinal fluid specimens showed increased proteins and a right frontal slow-wave focus was evident on the EEG recording. The computed tomography scan revealed white matter hypodensity within the right frontal and rolandic regions. After injection of medium contrast, an abscesslike hyperdensity appeared, surrounding both a well-placed cannula tip and the right frontal horn of the lateral ventricle. Brain swelling and shift signs were also evident. Nine cases of focal methotrexate leukoencephalopathy have been previously reported, and in six of these there was a misplaced OR cannula tip. The focal methotrexate leukoencephalopathy seems to be related to the neurotoxicity of the drugs administered, and may also exist with a well-placed OR cannula tip. Immediate removal of the catheter may be associated with a benign evolution.
 ...
PMID:Transient focal leukoencephalopathy following intraventricular methotrexate and cytarabine. A complication of the Ommaya reservoir: case report and review of the literature. 220 Jun 10

Polycythemia (venous PCV greater than 65%) in neonates is not an infrequent occurrence. Over the last 2 years out of approximately 1500 admissions to the Neonatal Unit, polycythemia was detected in 46 babies (3.06%). Seventeen (36%) of these babies were preterm and 29 (63%) were term. Approximately one third were small for dates while 2 babies (4%) were large for dates. Four of them had been born to mothers with gestational diabetes and 7 were twin deliveries. Severe perinatal asphyxia (5 minute Apgar score less than or equal to 5) was present in 12 cases (26%). Symptoms suggestive of polycythemia included lethargy in 15%, refusal to feed in 13%, respiratory distress in 10%, vomiting in 8% and abdominal distension in 6%. Associated hypoglycemia was seen in 5 cases (10.8%) while twelve babies (26%) had significant jaundice (bilirubin greater than or equal to 12 mg/dl). Twenty eight babies (60.8%) were given a partial plasma exchange transfusion through the umbilical route. There was 6.5% mortality in these 46 babies with polycythemia. Blood letting through a peripheral vein along with a plasma infusion may be a safer alternative to partial plasma exchange transfusion through umbilical route in babies with polycythemia.
 ...
PMID:Polycythemia in the newborn. 221 Aug 21

Renal amyloidosis was diagnosed in 14 young Chinese Shar Pei dogs, all of which were related. Clinical signs were those of renal failure and included vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and dehydration. Some dogs had a history of intermittent fever and joint swelling. Laboratory findings also were compatible with renal failure and included azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, low total CO2 content in serum, isosthenuria, proteinuria, and hypercholesterolemia. All dogs had medullary deposition of amyloid, and 9 of 14 (64%) had glomerular involvement. The remaining renal lesions were typical of end-stage renal disease. In some dogs, amyloid deposits were found in other tissues (eg, liver, spleen, stomach, small intestine, myocardium, lymph node, prostate gland, thyroid gland, and pancreas). Amyloid deposits were sensitive to potassium permanganate oxidation, suggesting the presence of amyloid protein AA.
 ...
PMID:Familial renal amyloidosis in Chinese Shar Pei dogs. 221 Dec 93

We report on 21 male patients who presented after 28 days of age with ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, which we define as late-onset OTC deficiency. These patients appeared normal at birth, but irritability, vomiting, and lethargy, which were often episodic, later developed. The age at presentation ranged from 2 months to 44 years. Biochemical testing revealed hyperammonemia, hyperglutaminemia, hypocitrullinemia, increased urinary orotate excretion, and decreased liver OTC activity measured in vitro, which ranged from 0% to 15% of normal. Male patients who were older at presentation had a somewhat different pattern of presenting symptoms and were more likely to die. These data illustrate the phenotypic variability of OTC deficiency. Unexplained episodes of repetitive or protracted vomiting in association with progressive alterations in behavior or neurologic findings should suggest the diagnosis of a urea cycle defect (or another symptomatic inborn error of metabolism), regardless of the age or medical history of the patient.
 ...
PMID:Late-onset ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in male patients. 224 87

Two cases treating aneurysms of the distal PICA were reported, and 36 cases with 39 aneurysms in the literatures in Japan were reviewed concerning the distribution of aneurysms and their findings on CT. Case 1; a 68-year-old female suffered from sudden onset of severe headache and nausea. On admission, it was found she was lethargic. However, her consciousness deteriorated down to semicoma with tetraparetic condition soon after. CT revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal, quadrigeminal and supravermian cisterns and blood clots in the entire ventricle. Cerebral angiography demonstrated an aneurysm located at the distal segment of the left PICA. She was initially treated conservatively because of being in Hunt and Kosnik Grade 5, and then, 3 weeks after onset, suboccipital craniectomy was performed and the aneurysm was clipped successfully. Case 2; a 60-year-old, female, suddenly experienced severe suboccipitalgia and vomiting. CT revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage in the entire subarachnoid space and intraventricular hemorrhages in the 4th, 3rd and lateral ventricles. Subsequently cerebral angiography was performed and left VAG demonstrated an aneurysm at the left A2-A3 junction. She underwent bifrontal craniotomy and the aneurysm was clipped via the interhemispheric approach. Her postoperative course was uneventful. Postoperative left CAG showed successful clipping of the aneurysm. However, left VAG suggested an aneurysm-like shadow in the right PICA. Right BAG carried out one week later demonstrated an aneurysm at the distal segment of the right PICA. This aneurysm was then clipped successfully under suboccipital craniectomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Distal aneurysm of posterior inferior cerebellar artery: report of two cases--pitfall in diagnosis]. 228 Aug 14

To determine whether seizures are a reliable sign of increased intraventricular pressure in children with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele, we performed a retrospective chart review of 346 patients with meningomyelocele and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. Fifty-one patients had seizures. Seizure episodes were investigated to determine whether they were temporally associated with shunt dysfunction. Episodes of actual or presumed shunt dysfunction were analyzed as to presenting symptoms, ventriculogram, computed tomography scan, and shunt film results. These 51 patients had 129 admissions for possible shunt dysfunction. One hundred one admissions were due to increased intraventricular pressure; nine (9%) of these, had a seizure as one of the presenting symptoms. All of the nine episodes had other common presenting symptoms of shunt dysfunction, such as headache, vomiting, lethargy, or respiratory compromise. We conclude that seizures alone are an inadequate predictor of shunt dysfunction in children with meningomyelocele, but can be seen as one of the presenting symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Seizures in relation to shunt dysfunction in children with meningomyelocele. 223 Dec 21

A retrospective review of charts for 650 children who had lumbar puncture for suspected meningitis was undertaken to determine the characteristics of patients with and without meningitis, identify other conditions suggesting meningitis, and evaluate the predictive value of signs and symptoms of meningitis. The incidence of positive lumbar punctures increased with patient age. Younger infants did not present with classical features of meningitis. Bulging fontanel, lethargy, and irritability were nonspecific symptoms. Vomiting and headache, although not specific, proved to be more sensitive indicators of meningeal infection. Most patients with meningitis (75%) had at least one sign of meningeal irritation, but so did 25% of patients without meningitis. Brudzinski's sign was not specific. In contrast, nuchal rigidity and Kernig's sign had high predictive value. Up to age five, the diseases most often suggesting meningitis were right-sided pneumonia, gastroenteritis, otitis, tonsillitis, exanthema subitum, and urinary tract infections. Of 171 patients with febrile convulsion, one (0.5%) had bacterial meningitis and four had aseptic meningitis.
 ...
PMID:Diseases that mimic meningitis. Analysis of 650 lumbar punctures. 220 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>