Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this review I have described the pathophysiology of allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Situations where the intestine cannot be a complete barrier to foreign allergens and antigens were discussed and etiological factors of gastrointestinal allergy were detailed. Clinical features of gastrointestinal allergy include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and colic, intestinal hemorrhage and malabsorption as well as symptoms and signs outside the gastrointestinal tract such as chronic rhinitis and asthma in the respiratory system, urticaria, angioedema and eczema as dermatological signs, headache, insomnia, hyperkinesis as central nervous system manifestations, failure to thrive and anaphylaxis as constitutional reactions. Milk allergy was discussed as an example of food allergy. Immunology of the gastrointestinal tract was presented, with examples of four types of hypersensitivity reactions, and gastrointestinal disturbances of immunodeficiency disorders and syndromes were named. Lastly, the autoimmune mechanism and the gut were described, with particular discussion of ulcerative colitis as an example of an autoimmune disease.
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PMID:The intestine in allergic diseases. 78 84

We presented a case of hemangioblastoma associated with spina bifida occulta, persistent metopic suture, thyroid adenocarcinoma, vertebro-occipital anastomosis and erythrocytosis. We have not found a hemangioblastoma with these associations, as far as we have seen in the literature. 36-year-old male was admitted with complaints of nausea, vomiting and ataxic gait in June, 1970. On admission, the examination revealed no evidence of increased intracranial pressure except for elevated CSF pressure by lumbar puncture and incoordination. The peripheral blood count disclosed slight erythrocythemia. Vertebral angiography revealed a vascular lesion of 2.0 cm in diameter situated almost in the midline of caudal cerebellum receiving its blood supply from the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery. In addition, a right vertebro-occipital anastomosis was visualized. Plain reoentgenograms showed persistent metopic suture and spina bifida occulta of C 5 - 6. After admission, installation of Ommaya reservoir and decompressive suboccipital craniectomy were performed, and a thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma was totally removed. After discharge, he had been well for two years until a month previously to the second admission, when he commenced to have again headache, nausea, and vomiting with ataxic gait. Vertebral angiography showed the tumor enlarged in size measuring 4.0 X 5.0 cm and the tumor stain was more irregular and less homogenous than 3 years before. Brain scan revealed an increased uptake in the midline of the posterior fossa. After readmission, in April, 1973, he gradually developed dysphagia, disturbance of articulation and inactivity of mentality and died from pneumonia in October, 1974. Autopsy revealed a vascular tumor originated from the medial portion of the right cerebellum and the tumor showed multiple cyst formation in the rostral part in contrast to the caudal solid mass. Histologically the tumor tissue was composed of capillaries supported by fine argyrophilic fibers, large clear interstitial cells containing lipid granules and hemosiderin pigment. Carcinoma of the right lobe of the thyroid was found with metastasis to the bone marrow, lungs and anterior cervical lymphnodes and lymphnodes at the left supraclavicular angle. Bone marrow showed marked erythropoiesis. The case reported here provides an evidence to suggest that there is more than a random relationship between hemangioblastoma, dysraphic state and thyroid carcinoma. The other association, the vertebrooccipital anastomosis may result from the enhanced demand of blood supply by hemangioblastoma but this speculation needs further examination.
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PMID:[A case of hemangioblastoma associated with spina bifida occulta, persistent metopic suture, thyroid adenocarcinoma, vertebro-occipital anastomosis and erythrocytosis (author's transl)]. 79 Feb 13

A 2 and a half year-old boy with neurofibromatosis developed unilateral proptosis, decreased visual acuity, and optic disk edema. After the discovery and removal of an optic nerve glioma, the patient had ten years of excellent health until he began having headaches, nausea, and vomiting. He had papilledema in his remaining eye. At exploration, a cerebellar astrocytoma and a neuroglial hamartoma were removed. The occurrence of a glioma of right anterior visual pathway associated with other primary intracranial lesions in patients with neurofibromatosis was not previously reported.
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PMID:Optic nerve glioma and cerebellar astrocytoma in a patient with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. 80 54

A high rate of side effects (mostly vestibular) was found among 83 people receiving prophylaxis with minocycline because of contact with a patient who had died of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis. Three groups of contacts received different lots of minocycline and different dosage regimens. Seventy-eight percent of these people had symptoms temporally related to ingestion of minocycline. These symptoms, which included dizziness, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, anorexia, and headache, generally commenced soon after initiation of chemoprophylaxis; the total dosage of minocycline was low. The high rate of vestibular side effects of minocycline militates against widespread use of minocycline for prophylaxis of meningococcal infection.
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PMID:Minocycline for prophylaxis of infection with Neisseria meningitidis: high rate of side effects in recipients. 81 29

Myocardon (1 tablet=0.5 mg Nitroglycerin, 100 mg Euphyllin, 29.7 mg Papaverin-hydrochlorid and 0.3 mg Atropinmethylnitrat, without phenobarbital) was given in a dosis of 3 and 6 tablets in patients with acute myocardial infarction. According to the initial value of left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) the patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I with a LVFP below 20 mm Hg and group II with a LVFP above 20 mm Hg. In group II there was clinical evidence of left ventricular failure. In both groups a decrease in pulmonary artery pressure and especially in left ventricular filling pressure was observed (in group I from 13 +/- 4 to 8 +/- 3 mm Hg and in group II from 26 +/- 7 to 16 +/- 4 mm Hg). Heart rate and mean arterial pressure did not change. In group II cardiac output increased from 3.5 +/- 0.6 to 4.3 +/- 1.31/min, whereas in group I it decreased from 5.1 +/- 0.9 to 4.6 +/- 0.91/min. Like isosorbid dinitrate Myocardon is useful in the management of left ventricular failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Side effects were observed: in two patients vomiting and in one patient sickness. The main effect of Myocardon is probably due to nitroglycerin, which is part of the substance. In higher dosis Myocardon has to be given without phenobarbital. Myocardon is especially useful if in the case of headache after nitrates the drug has to be changed.
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PMID:[The effect of nitroglycerin in patients with acute myocardial infarction. IV. Myocardon in patients with and without left ventricular failure (author's transl)]. 81 16

Tick-borne encephalitis is transmitted by the tick ixodes ricinus. After the second world war an increase in the number of cases of encephalitis was observed and the neurotropic virus was isolated for the first time in 1948. Reservoir animals are mouse-like wild animals and also agricultural domestic animals. The infection is transmitted to humans through tick bites. It becomes apparent subjectively in headaches, vomiting, tiredness, giddiness and insomnia, and objectively in meningeal symptoms, extrapyramidal tremor, cerebellar ataxia, vestibular nystagmus and paresis. The treatment consists of strict rest in bed for 10 days at least and symptomatic support of the general health. Good results are obtained with antiedematous therapy with hydrocortisone or pyritinol.
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PMID:[Clinical picture of Central European tick-borne encephalitis (author's transl)]. 82 10

Five patients who had injected intravenous (i.v.) phenmetrazine or methamphetamine developed marked prostration resembling septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, and azotemia. Soon after injection, four noted chills, fever, sweats, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Within hours, they developed vomiting, myalgias, paresthesias, headache, and orthostasis. Cardiorespiratory arrest, accelerated bleeding, and noncardiac pulmonary edema were observed in one patient. From 4 to 11 litres of saline were required in the first 24 h to maintain blood pressure and urine output, suggesting that shock resulted from massive loss of intravascular volume into necrotic muscle. Recognition of this syndrome and treatment by aggressive volume replacement led to the recovery of all five patients.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis and shock after intravenous amphetamine administration. 84 98

In 1148 cases the serum digoxin concentration (SDC) was correlated with the extracardiac signs of digitalis intoxication. There is a considerably overlap of SDC levels of patients with and without extracardiac signs of toxicity even though the mean SDC's of these two groups differ significantly. An increasing percentage of clinical intoxicated patients with increasing SDC levels was found at digoxin concentrations of 2.0 ng/ml and higher. At lower SDC levels patients with and without extracardiac signs of digitalis intoxication did not differ significantly in their mean SDC but in mean age and in mean creatinine concentration indicating that at least part of the symptoms in these patients might be due to a more severe illness. We could show that many of the extracardiac signs of digitalis intoxication are also seen in patients with impaired kidney function at low SDC levels and may lead to a wrong diagnosis. The most common complaint in patients with SDC's of 2.0 ng/ml and more is nausea (39.4%), followed by tiredness (30.4%), dizzyness (23.7%), vomiting (23.1%), headache (16.0%), visual disturbances (13,5%), colour (yellow) seeing (6;7%), diarrhea (4.2%) and severe neuro-psychiatric disturbances (3.8%). In patients with digitalis-induced arrhythmias the sequence of symptoms is the same only with a somewhat higher percentage rate. Only about one half of the patients with digitalis-induced arrhythmias and SDC values up to 2.5 ng/ml showed also extracardiac signs of intoxication. Therefore these signs are not to be taken as early symptoms of digitalis intoxication. Divided into subgroups (patients with/without digitalis-induced arrhythmias, patients with SDC values of more/less than 2.0 ng/ml) the patients with and without extracardiac signs of digitalis toxicity are compared with each other in regard to: mean body height and weight, concentration of digoxin, potassium and creatinine, digoxin dosage and mean age. The greatest differences were found between patients with combined cardiac and extracardiac signs of intoxication and patients with neither cardiac nor extracardiac signs of intoxication: These intoxicated patients are of significantly higher mean age and lower body weight, their mean concentration of digoxin and creatinine and the digoxin dosage administered are significantly greater, but there is no significant difference in potassium concentration. An important group of patients, namely the elderly with impaired kidney function, are especially prone to develop digitalis intoxication. In this group, however, the extracardial symptoms are of little benefit in the diagnosis of digitalis intoxication. In these patients rhythm disturbances and intoxication-like symptoms are frequently caused by other reasons. In most cases the SDC value can clarify the diagnosis without withdrawal of the drug.
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PMID:[Digitalis intoxication: specifity and significance of cardiac and extracardiac symptoms. part II. Patients with extracardiac symptoms of digitalis intoxications (author's transl)]. 85 53

Thirty-two patients with the onset of erythema chronicum migrans, Lyme arthritis, or both in mid-1976 were studied prospectively. The skin lesion (24 patients) typically lasted about 3 weeks, beginning as a red macule or papule that expanded to form a large ring with central clearing. Associated symptoms ranged from none to malaise, fatigue, chills and fever, headache, stiff neck, backache, myalgias, nausea, vomiting, and sore throat. Three patients had been bitten by ticks at the site of the initial lesion 4 to 20 days before its onset. Nineteen patients suddenly developed a monoarticular or oligoarticular arthritis 4 days to 22 weeks (median, 4 weeks) after onset of the skin lesion; eight developed arthritis without a preceding skin lesion. Seven of these 27 experienced migratory joint pains. Arthritis attacks, most commonly in the knee, were typically short (median, 8 days) but sometimes persisted for months. Other manifestations included neurologic abnormalties, myocardial conduction abnormalities, serum cryoprecipitates, elevated serum IgM levels, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates. The diagnostic marker is the skin lesion; without it, geographic clustering is the most important clue.
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PMID:Erythema chronicum migrans and Lyme arthritis. The enlarging clinical spectrum. 86 48

We assessed the severity of Acute Mountain Sickness (A.M.S.), indices of pulmonary gas exchange and nitrogen washout curves in healthy volunteers acutely exposed to high altitude. Symptoms of A.M.S. ranged from malaise to vomiting with intractable headache. The slope of phase III of the nitrogen washout curve increased most in those subjects with the most severe A.M.S. and who were most hypoxemic. The sickest subject also had the greatest increase in (A-a)DO2 and the largest increase in the slope of phase III. These abnormalities in gas exchange and nitrogen washout curves in the subjects with the most marked A.M.S. suggest that the manifestations of cerebral and pulmonary dysfunction at altitude develop simultaneously, although not necessarily by identical mechanisms.
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PMID:Nitrogen washout studies in acute mountain sickness. 87 Dec 78


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