Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind random study compared the effects of lorazepam and pantopon an intra-muscular premedication in healthy women for uterine curettage (D & C). Anxiety, as assessed by a self-rating test by the patient and by a trained observer, showed a significant reduction at one and one-half hours after lorazepam and a smaller reduction after pantopon, which was not significant. Sedation was satisfactory with no significant difference between the two drugs in the change before and after the premedication. Lorazepam showed much more amnesia than pantopon (p less than 0.001). The patients who had lorazepam required higher doses of thiopentone for the operation, and this, in part, led to longer intervals in recovery times after lorazepam. However, it is suggested that lorazepam itself was partly responsible for the longer recovery. Pantopon was followed by more nausea, vomiting and headaches, than lorazepam. The intra-muscular injection of lorazepam hurt more patients than did pantopon, but other local complications were negligible and comparable in both groups. The results of this study show that lorazepam produces better reduction of anxiety and much more amnesia than pantopon, with comparable sedation and much less nausea and vomiting. The only disadvantage of lorazepam is the lack of analgesia and, therefore, the need for more anaesthesia during the operation. The conclusion is that lorazepam is a very satisfactory premedication and warrants more use as such.
 ...
PMID:Lorazepam as a premedication. 0 77

A research has been carried out on a total of 121 persons with survival post-drug shock (DS), which registered 192 DS. Mention should be made of their predominance in the feminine sex (85 per cent) and their maximum frequency between the ages of 21-50 (average age 34). DS was the first adverse reaction to drugs in 71 per cent of the cases. Therefore DS unpredictability is very frequent. A retrospective study suggested the role of risk factors which should help the doctor to prevent DS (personal allergic antecedents, antecedents of adverse reactions to drugs, neuroses, disorders of endocrine glands, feminine sex, etc.). In 1970, the clinical concept of shock imminence (SI) was formulated and it is applied to various etiologies (drugs, insect stings, food). The existence of SI was identified in the case history of 14 per cent of the persons with DS. SI is a syndrome which includes all clinical manifestations with imminent potential of transformation into shock condition, and represents the stage precursory to the setting up of shock. The utility of SI diagnosis is maximum if it also includes the causal factor (e.g. SI by penicillin or aspirin). The clinical image of SI may vary from the monosymptomatic aspect (urticaria, vomiting, diarrhoea, headaches, etc.) to the one with complex symptomatology (mixed form). Usually the symptoms are dramatic and depend on the administration of a certain drug (often in SI of allergic origin) or of various drugs (mainly on non-immunologic form). The absence of vascular collapse differentiates SI from shock. Differential diagnosis is more difficult in border cases with a slight diminution of blood pressure. SI can be diagnosed especially in several circumstances: when the first adverse drug reaction is dramatic; when the first allergic-type reaction to a drug occurs; when the repetition of drug reactions is amplified in intensity or frequency; when it occurs in persons with risk factors. The differential diagnosis of SI is made with a crude or minimum shock and with pre-shock condition. The advantages of SI diagnosis are the institution of efficient treatment with rapid recoverability and the prevention of subsequent shock to the respective drug.
 ...
PMID:Imminent shock; a useful diagnosis in drug pathology. 1 47

A new viral disease (Maridi haemorrhagic fever) occurred in the South Sudan in 1976. It was obviously identical with an epidemic which occurred at the same time in Zaire. The virus is morpologically closely similar to the Marburg virus. During the Maridi epemic 124 of 238 patients died (52%). Characteristic symptoms were fever and headache (100%), diarrhoea (83%), retrosternal pain (82%), vomiting (68%), haemorrhages (62%), morbilliform or vesicular rash (52%). At post-mortem there were changes in liver, kidney, myocardium and lungs, similar to those in the Marburg virus disease, as were those observed in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Despite these analagous findings, the clinical course and results of immunofluorescence indicate that it is a new disease. The epidemic ended after suitable isolation measures had been taken. There was no specific treatment but in some cases convalescent plasma and interferon were tried. The disease is transmitted among humans by direct contact or by contact with blood or excreta of patients. No animal reservoir has been found. It is possible for this disease to be imported also into countries with a modorate climate.
 ...
PMID:[Maridi haemorrhgic fever: a new viral disease (author's transl)]. 2 83

A double-blind random study compared lorazepam with diazepam as i.m. premedicants in 84 healthy women undergoing uterine curettage. Anxiety, assessed by a self-rating test by the patient and by a trained observer, was reduced 90 min after both lorazepam (P less than 0.001) and diazepam (P less than 0.01). There was more sedation and a longer recovery time after lorazepam than after diazepam. Amnesia at 24 h after operation (lack of recall rather than lack of recognition) was greater after lorazepam. There was transient local discomfort at the site of the injection in most patients in both groups, but no serious effects. Local erythema was present in 12 patients who received lorazepam and 10 who received diazepam 90 min after the injection, disappearing after 24 h in the former group but remaining in the latter. The incidence of nausea, vomiting and headache in both groups was small and similar, but there was more restlessness and dizziness after diazepam in the early recovery period.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of lorazepam and diazepam as premedicants. 2 39

In ophthalmoscopy, optic disc drusen often bear a fallacious resemblance to true papilloedema and some of those affected have neurological disorders. Adequate realization among neuropaediatricians of the relation between drusen and these disorders may save some children from neuroradiological and neurosurgical investigations, often considered unavoidable for exclusion of an intracranial process. Systematic evaluation in a series of 50 children with optic disc drusen showed that neurological disorders are common even in subjects brought to examination for other reasons than neurological symptoms. The findings showed accumulation into two subgroups. There was a group of 15 clumsy children with learning difficulties and delayed development of speech. Another group consisted of 20 children with sudden convulsions and/or headache and vomiting, and with EEG abnormalities but otherwise normal neurological findings. In addition, there were a subgroup with miscellaneous abnormalities and a minor group of children in whom no abnormalities were found except for the eye anomaly.
 ...
PMID:Neurological and developmental findings in children with optic disc drusen. 6 Jul 29

35 children (16 girls and 19 boys) at the age of 1 11/12 to 16 11/12 with acute leukaemia were injected intrathecally with 198Au-radiogold colloids (HOECHST-BEHRING) for "prophylaxis of meningosis". The colloid size of the isotope amounted to 5 or 30 nm, the applied activity lay between 1.4 and 3.12 mCi. According to a dosage estimation made with the help of LOEWINGERS formula 1 mCi of radiogold corresponds to approximately 1200 rad. Clinical observations, such as headaches, vomiting or fever up to 39 degrees C, could only be found in 6 children (17.1%) during the first 24 hours. All symptoms subsided quickly and without any sequels. Even retarded complications could not be detected. An electroencephalogram was made from all children before and after applying radiogold (1-8 d afterwards). After the injection of radiogold the majority of children had no change of findings in the electroencephalogram, 11 children even showed a tendency towards an improvement up to normalisation. Only 4 children had a deterioration of findings with unspecific disorders or appearances suspected of peak potential discharges. Simultaneously an accumulation of clinical complaints could be found. Judging from the clinical and electroencephalographic behaviour of our patients no absolute neurotoxity of radiogold could be ensured.
 ...
PMID:[The cerebral sensitivity to "meningosis-prophylaxis" with 198Au radiogold according to EEG findings]. 6 10

Seven children (aged 8--17 years) presented with a high fever, headache, confusion, conjunctival hyperaemia, a scarlatiniform rash, subcutaneous oedema, vomiting, watery diarrhoea, oliguria, and a propensity to acute renal failure, hepatic abnormalities, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and severe prolonged shock. One patient died, one had gangrene of the toes, and all have had fine desquamation of affected skin and peeling of palms and soles during convalescence. Five patients were studied prospectively. Staphylococcus aureus related to phage-group I was isolated from mucosal (nasopharyngeal, vaginal, tracheal), or sequestered (empyema, abscess) sites, but not from blood. This organism produces an exotoxin which causes a positive Nikolsky sign in the newborn mouse and which is biochemically, pathologically, and immunologically distinct from phage-group-II stapphylococcal exfoliatin.
 ...
PMID:Toxic-shock syndrome associated with phage-group-I Staphylococci. 8 81

12 patients with adverse reactions to foods are discussed, including 1 with biopsy-proven ulcerative proctitis. 10 had predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting) and two had rhinitis and headache. Skin tests (in all but two) and radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) in some patients were negative. All of the patients were challenged in hospital with the offending food, either alone or preceded by a prostaglandin synthetase-inhibiting drug (aspirin, indomethacin or Ibuprofen). In 11 of the 12 patients this premedication prevented both the gastrointestinal and the more remote symptoms. Blood and stool prostaglandin measurements (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) showed changes which correlated with clinical symptoms and did not occur if one of the inhibiting drugs had been given prior to challenge.
 ...
PMID:Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and food intolerance. 11 24

The effect of dehydration on the incidence of side effects from metrizamide myelography was studied. One hundred consecutive patients scheduled for myelography fasted overnight and were then randomly divided into two groups. Group I received 2 liters of fluid intravenously just prior to myelography; Group II did not. Both groups were studied in the standard manner, using 170 mg l/ml of metrizamide. Side effects were recorded 24 and 48 hours after the procedure. Headaches, vomiting, and some other side effects were less common and less severe in the hydrated group. Clear liquids given orally or intravenous fluids are recommended prior to myelography to minimize side effects.
 ...
PMID:The effect of dehydration on the side effects of metrizamide myelography. 15 37

Of 488 children with central nervous system neoplasms, 43 (8.8%) had glioblastomas, 22 of which were in the cerebral hemispheres, 16 in the brain stem, two in the cerebellum, and three in the spinal cord. The male to female ratio was 3:2. Glioblastoma multiforme of the cerebral hemispheres occurred at a mean age of 12.7 years, and the frontal lobe was the most commonly involved. Main presenting symptoms included headache (85%), nausea or vomiting (65%), and seizures (35%). Papilledema (45%) was the most common physical finding. The longest survivals were achieved by a combination of operation and radiation (22 months). Brain stem glioblastomas occurred at a mean age of 6.7 years, with the pons as the most frequent site. Nausea or vomiting (50%) and headache (36%) were the main presenting symptoms; the major physical findings were ataxia (43%), cranial nerve palsies (28%), and paresis (28%). The length of survival was greatest with radiation alone (10.5 months). The period of survival of children with glioblastoma multiforme was significantly increased with steroid therapy. Glioblastoma multiforme behaves similarly in children and adults. Intracranial glioblastomas have a more rapidly fatal course than that of other similarly situated gliomas in childhood.
 ...
PMID:Glioblastoma multiforme in children. 17 31


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>