Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A bifid ureter with a blind-ending branch is rare. There is only six published cases in which was the exact diagnosis established on the basis of excretory urography alone. In all other cases the diagnosis was established by retrograde pyelography, at an operation or at autopsy. Asymptomatic cases may go undetected. Symptoms, if present, may be non-specific (vomiting, fever, pain, dysuria, hematuria) arising from stasis within the blind lumen. Almost all reported cases arose from the distal third of the ureter. In our present case, a woman aged 56, reflux of the contrast material injected intravenously outlined the entire course of the blind-ending branch. This blind-ending branch was resected resulting in the cure of the patient.
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PMID:[Blind-ending branch of bifid ureter (author's transl)]. 740 Jun 14

A 9-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat with dysuria, anorexia, vomiting, and lethargy was admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital. A large, firm mass was palpable in the ventral cervical region. Hypercalcemia, azotemia, and nonregenerative anemia were evident on serum biochemical analysis and CBC, and multiple uroliths were detected by abdominal radiography. At necropsy, light microscopy of the ventral cervical mass revealed a parathyroid adenocarcinoma. Light microscopy of sections of the kidneys revealed multifocal, chronic, lymphocytic/plasmacytic, tubulointerstitial nephritis, as well as moderate multifocal acute tubular necrosis. On quantitative analysis, the uroliths were composed of calcium oxalate. Determination of serum calcium concentration is indicated in cats with calcium oxalate urolithiasis to aid in detection of primary hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Calcium oxalate urolithiasis in a cat with a functional parathyroid adenocarcinoma. 775 34

From 108 cases of new daily persistent headaches, clinical or laboratory evidence was found suggesting extracranial or systemic infections in: 28 cases (25.9%) of gastrointestinal mainly Salmonella, 28 (25.9%) urinary Coli, 16 (14.8%) Streptococcal, 4 (3.7%) each of Epstein Barr virus or Toxoplasma, and 1 (0.9%) each of Herpes Zoster or pneumonia. A group of 26 (24.1%) showed high Proteus OX titer or clinical adenoviral involvement. All had normal neurological examinations plus selective negative neuroimaging or spinal taps. The mean headache duration was 13.8 days, and mean age 28.8 years. Prominent symptoms were fever in 37 (34.2%) cases, nausea/vomiting in 30 (27%) and vertigo in 17 (15.7%). Diarrhea, dysuria, and abdominal discomfort were rare. Headache was a solitary symptom in 36 (33.3%). The predominant sign was painful cervical lymphadenopathy in 61 (56.5%). These cases represent 1.2% of our 9060 neurology patients.
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PMID:Headache and painful lymphadenopathy in extracranial or systemic infection: etiology of new daily persistent headaches. 828 28

A 48-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of fever, headache and vomiting. At admission, the level of consciousness was depressed (drowsy) with slight confusion. Extremely miotic pupils, nuchal stiffness, ataxia and myoclonic movements of both upper limbs were observed. The eye movements were almost normal and there was no definite limb weakness or sensory impairment. A few days after admission, his level of consciousness further decreased, and opsoclonus, ataxic breathing and intestinal paralysis appeared. The body temperature fluctuated remarkably ranging from 33.0 degrees C to 39.0 degrees C. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed lymphocytic dominant pleocytosis, increase of protein and decrease of glucose. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed increased antibody (IgG) to herpes simplex virus (HSV) in both serum and CSF. The antibody in CSF further elevated at the later examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated high signal intensity areas mainly in the cerebellum and sporadically in the supratentorial subcortical white matter on T2-weighted images. Administration of Gadolinium-DTPA also revealed an additional lesion in the pons. From these findings, he was diagnosed as herpetic encephalitis involving the brainstem and the cerebellum, and acyclovir was administered. Although his initial symptoms and signs started to recover three weeks after admission, he newly developed complete flaccid paraplegia, dysuria and sensory disturbance with the spinal cord level of the 4th thoracic segment. The oligoclonal IgG bands were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of the convalescent stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Herpetic simplex encephalitis followed by myelopathy]. 836 51

The patient, a 35-year-old woman, had been diagnosed as SLE since she developed butterfly rash, arthritis and hair loss with positive antinuclear antibody, anti-DNA antibody, and LE cells in 1989, and treated with daily 20 mg prednisolone (PSL). She had been suffering from nausea, vomiting and waterly diarrhea since 1992. In June 1995, she noted pollakisuria and sense of residual urine, followed by dysuria and nocturia in October. She was admitted to our hospital in January 1996 with progressive gastrointestinal and urinary symptoms. Computerized tomography (CT) depicted thickening of the wall of intestine and bladder, diminished volume of bladder, and bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Biopsy of the bladder revealed erosion of mucosa and moderate infiltration with inflammatory cells. The diagnosis of lupus cystitis and peritonitis was made and she was initially given intravenous methylprednisolon pulse therapy (500 mg/day) for 3 days, and then switched to 100 mg of daily intravenous PSL. She responded partially to this regimen, but gradually developed gastrointestinal and urinary symptoms again when PSL was tapered down to 70 mg/day. Therefore, monthly intravenous cyclophosuphamide pulse therapy was started. With this therapy, her bladder and bowel symptoms improved, and then the thickness of her bladder and intestinal wall, and the bladder volume normalized. Five months after institution of therapy, PSL was successfully tapered down to 30 mg/day and she was discharged. Intravenous cyclophosphamidepulse therapy is a choice of treatment for steroid-resistant lupus cystitis and peritonitis.
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PMID:[Lupus cystitis and peritonitis successfully treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy: a case report]. 978 90

Pheochromocytomas usually arise from the adrenal medulla but may also arise from the carotid body, the retroperitoneum, the urinary bladder, and other locations. We report three cases of pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder with clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, flow cytometric, and ultrastructural findings. Case 1, a 13-year-old boy presented with hematuria. He underwent partial cystectomy, 31 years later he presented with a tumor in the thoracic vertebra. Case 2, a 35-year-old woman presented with headache, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, and diaphoresis on evacuation. She underwent total cystectomy and regional lymph adenectomy. She survived for 10 years without recurrence or metastasis; however, she died from another disease. Case 3, a 31-year-old man presented with dysuria. He underwent total cystectomy and regional lymph adenectomy. The tumor metastasized to the lymph nodes, and the patient died after 4 years. The urinary bladder tumors in these three cases protruded into the lumen and invaded deeper than the middle of the muscle layer. The tumor of the urinary bladder, metastatic lymph nodes, and thoracic vertebra showed alveolar and trabecular patterns, and tumor cells were surrounded by capillaries. The tumor cells were moderate in size with ovoid nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm that contained acidophilic granules reactive to Grimelius stain. Vascular invasion was observed in cases 1 and 2. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells showed reactivity for chromogranin, Leu 7, and S-100 protein. In each of the three cases, the DNA ploidy pattern on flow cytometry was aneuploid. Ultrastructural examination revealed several neurosecretory granules, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and a few mitochondria within the cytoplasm. It is difficult to determine whether pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder is malignant on the basis of histological, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric findings. Long-term follow up is necessary.
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PMID:Clinicopathological study of pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder: immunohistochemical, flow cytometric and ultrastructural findings with review of the literature. 1063 31

A previously healthy 7-year-old white boy presented to St. Louis Children's Hospital with a 1-day history of headache, malaise, temperature of 38.7 degrees C, and a progressively erythematous, tender calf with central dusky purpura. On the morning of admission, his mother noticed a 2-mm crust on the patient's right calf with a 3-cm x 3-cm area of surrounding erythema. No history of recent trauma or bite was obtained. He had suffered two episodes of nonbloody, nonbilious emesis during the last day. In addition, over the previous 12 h, he presented brown urine without dysuria. His mother and brother had suffered from gastroenteritis over the previous week without bloody diarrhea. On initial physical examination, there was a 6-cm x 11-cm macular tender purpuric plaque with a central punctum on the right inner calf, which was warm and tender to the touch, with erythematous streaking towards the popliteal fossa (Fig. 1). The inguinal area was also erythematous with tender lymphadenopathy and induration, but without fluctuance. Laboratory studies included an elevated white blood cell count of 20, 800/microL with 6% bands, 86% segs, and 7% lymphocytes, hemoglobin of 12.5 g/dL, hematocrit of 35.1%, and platelets of 282,000/microL. The prothrombin time/activated partial tissue thromboplastin was 10. 4/28.0 s (normal PT, 9.3-12.3 s; normal PTT, 21.3-33.7 s) and fibrinogen was 558 mg/dL (normal, 192-379 mg/dL). Urinalysis showed 1+ protein, 8-10 white blood cells, too numerous to count red blood cells, and no hemoglobinuria. His electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatine were normal. The urine culture was negative. Blood culture after 24 h showed one out of two bottles of coagulase negative Staphylococcus epidermidis. The patient's physical examination was highly suggestive of a brown recluse spider bite with surrounding purpura. Over the next 2 days, the surrounding rim of erythema expanded. The skin within the plaque cleared and peeled at the periphery. The coagulase negative staphylococci in the blood culture were considered to be a contaminant. Cefotaxime and oxacillin were given intravenously. His leg was elevated and cooled with ice packs. The patient's fever resolved within 24 h. The lesion became less erythematous and nontender with decreased warmth and lymphadenopathy. The child was discharged on Duricef for 10 days. Because the patient experienced hematuria rather than hemoglobinuria, nephritis was suggested. In this case, poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis was the most likely cause. His anti-streptolysin-O titer was elevated at 400 U (normal, <200 U) and C3 was 21.4 mg/dL (normal, 83-177 mg/dL). His urine lightened to yellow-brown in color. His blood pressure was normal. Renal ultrasound showed severe left hydronephrosis with cortical atrophy, probably secondary to chronic/congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction. His right kidney was normal.
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PMID:A child with spider bite and glomerulonephritis: a diagnostic challenge. 1080 79

Unexplained hypercalcemia has been increasingly recognized in cats since 1990. In some instances, hypercalcemia has been associated with calcium oxalate urolithiasis, and some affected cats have been fed acidifying diets. We studied the laboratory findings, clinical course, and treatment of 20 cats with idiopathic hypercalcemia. Eight (40%) of the cats were longhaired and all 14 cats for which adequate dietary history was available had been fed acidifying diets. Clinical signs included vomiting (6 cats), weight loss (4 cats), dysuria (4 cats), anorexia (3 cats), and inappropriate urinations (3 cats). Hypercalcemia was mild to moderate in severity. and serum parathyroid hormone concentrations were normal or low. Serum concentrations of phosphorus, parathyroid hormone-related peptide, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, and calcitriol were within the reference range in most cats. Diseases commonly associated with hypercalcemia (eg, neoplasia, primary hyperparathyroidism) were not identified despite thorough medical evaluations and long-term clinical follow-up. Azotemia either did not develop (10 cats) or developed after the onset of hypercalcemia (3 cats), suggesting that renal failure was not the cause of hypercalcemia in affected cats. Seven of 20 cats (35%) had urolithiasis, and in 2 cats uroliths were composed of calcium oxalate. Subtotal parathyroidectomy in 2 cats and dietary modification in 11 cats did not result in resolution of hypercalcemia. Treatment with prednisone resulted in complete resolution of hypercalcemia in 4 cats.
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PMID:Idiopathic hypercalcemia in cats. 1111 Mar 84

Isepamicin is a new aminoglycoside, derived from gentamicin B, which is more stable than other aminoglycosides against inactivating enzymes, and is less nephrotoxic. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a once daily isepamicin in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), as compared with amikacin. During the period May, 1997, to January, 1998, a total of 52 patients with similar demographic and baseline characteristics were enrolled into a prospective, randomized, open-label, single-center trial at the Veterans General Hospital-Kaohsiung. Eleven patients were excluded for protocol violation. The remaining 41 patients were included in the efficacy analysis. Study subjects included 16 men and 25 women, with a mean age of 57.9 (range 18-95) years. Clinical improvement was noted in 100% of patients in both the isepamicin and amikacin group. No statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in regard to the rapidity of defervescence, relief of dysuria and urinary frequency, and clearance of bacteriuria and pyuria. Bacteriological cure rates were 89.4% for the isepamicin group and 100% for the amikacin group. Fifteen of 25 subjects who received isepamicin and 16 of 27 subjects who received amikacin had an adverse effect, all of which were considered to be mild except for one in the amikacin group, who had an adverse event of moderate severity (vomiting). Seven (3 isepamicin and 4 amikacin) adverse events were considered probably or possibly related to the study drug, which included eosinophilia (2 isepamicin), liver function impairment (1 isepamicin, 2 amikacin), renal function impairment (1 amikacin) and flushed face (1 amikacin). However, none of the patients had a life-threatening or severe adverse event that required discontinuation of the drug. These results show that once daily administration of isepamicin is as effective and safe as amikacin in treatment of complicated UTIs.
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PMID:Once daily isepamicin treatment in complicated urinary tract infections. 1156 74

Traditional medicines (TMs) have been reported as major causes of hospital admissions in some African countries including Zimbabwe. There is, however, still a paucity of information with regards to their clinical presentations. We carried out a retrospective case series of all cases of traditional medicine poisoning (TMP) at eight main referral hospitals in Zimbabwe January 1998-December 1999 inclusive) to describe the most common signs and symptoms, reasons for, and management of TMP in adults. Where the reasons for taking the TM were known, most cases had taken the medicine for either abdominal pains or aphrodisiac purposes. Nonspecific adverse effects including vomiting, abdominal pains, and diarrhoea were the most commonly encountered. A large proportion of patients with TMP also suffered from genito-urinary tract adverse outcomes especially haematuria and dysuria. Intravenous fluids were the most commonly employed therapeutic modality for TMP, probably in an effort to dilute or increase excretion of the toxins. Further research is required to elucidate the toxic components responsible for the observed ill effects and whether these effects are due to the medicines themselves or to co-existing illnesses.
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PMID:Traditional medicine poisoning in Zimbabwe: clinical presentation and management in adults. 1250 52


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