Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty preterm babies were randomly assigned to a group given oral bucolome (30 mg/kg per day for 5 days) and a control group. Serum bilirubin levels of the treated infants from day 4 onwards were consistently lower than those of the control infants. 3 of the 25 control infants (but none of the 25 treated infants) had bilirubin levels greater than 18 mg/100 ml (308 mumol/l) and required exchange transfusion. No sedation or drowsiness was observed in the infants given bucolome, and though the drug caused some vomiting, weight gains were unaffected.
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PMID:Bucolome in prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in preterm infants. 1 16

Double-blind clinical trials involving the use of phenothiazines as analgesics or potentiators of analgesics (aspirin, meperidine, morphine sulfate) and adverse effects of phenothiazines are reviewed and evaluated. Promethazine, promazine and propiomazine were not found to possess analgesic or potentiating properties. One chlorpromazine study contained important design and reporting deficiencies which precluded a recommendation for use of chlorpromazine in the treatment of pain. Methotrimeprazine was determined by numerous authors to have analgesic properties; however, most of the studies also were deficient in design or data presented, or both. Adverse reactions to phenothiazines, including hypotension, sedation, drowsiness, extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, cardiac toxicity and agranulocytosis, are often more common and severe than those attributed to narcotic analgesics. Because of the lack of data supportive of analgesic activity and the adverse reactions associated with phenothiazines, use of these agents in the management of pain should be discouraged. The prophylactic use of phenothiazine for narcotic analgesic-induced emesis also is, in most cases, a questionable practice.
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PMID:Phenothiazine analgesia--fact or fantasy? 3 54

Anorexia, constipation, vomiting and somnolence in a 39-year-old woman were at first misinterpreted as being of psychological and autonomic nervous system origin. Further clinical and biochemical tests revealed hyperthyroidism associated with hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria. Thyrostatic treatment for 12 days caused regression of the hypercalcaemia and, after subtotal resection, serum calcium levels and urinary calcium excretion returned to normal for good. The hypercalcaemia syndrome must therefore be assumed to have been the direct result of the hyperthyroidism.
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PMID:[Hyperthyroidism with hypercalcaemia (author's transl)]. 5 61

Clinical reports on 430 children with acute codeine intoxication are evaluated. Of 234 children who had taken more than 5 mg/kg body-weight, 8 had respiratroy arrest necessitating intubation and artificial ventilation; 2 of them died. In all other cases the intoxication produced one or more of the following symptoms: somnolence, ataxia, miosis, vomiting, rash, swelling, and itching of the skin, but no life-threatening side-effects. Close supervision of respiration is the main principle of management when more than 2 mg codeine/kg body-weight has been taken. Gastric voiding may be useful if done soon after ingestion. Charcoal and purgatives should be given in all cases.
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PMID:Codeine intoxication in childhood. 5 70

A 3-yr-old boy was investigated for numerous episodes of fatigue, irritability, pallor, and sweating, which began at 11 mo of age, when he had an episode of symptomatic hypoglycemia with ketonuria. He had euphoria, mental confusion, drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting 1-5 hr after oral administration of glycerol in doses of 0.5-1.0gm/kg. Orally administered MCT (1 gm/kg) had similar effects. On one occasion, oral glycerol also provoked hypoglycemia, as had a 16 1/2 hr fast. Intravenously administered glycerol (0.09 gm/kg) induced an immediate loss of consciousness from which he recovered spontaneously after 30 min; there were no changes in blood glucose values. Intravenously administered fructose (0.25 gm/kg) was tolerated normally. Leukocytes showed normal activities for FDPase, glycerol kinase, and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase. The restriction of dietary intake of fat has been associated with a marked improvement in physical and mental activities. These observations suggest a unique, yet undifined intolerance to glycerol, which suggest caution in the diagnostic use of glycerol in the investigation of hypoglycemia as well as in the therapy of increased intracranial or intraocular pressure.
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PMID:Glycerol intolerance in a child with intermittent hypoglycemia. 16 54

The sleep of eight volunteers (mean age 55) was recorded electrophysiologically while viloxazine 200 mg was taken daily for 3 weeks, preceded and followed by a week of matching blanks. The volunteers also made ratings of their feelings on visual analogue scales. Another 15 volunteers (mean age 34) took viloxazine 300 mg daily for 3 weeks, preceded and followed by 3 weeks of matching blanks, and they also made daily ratings of feelings. The drug diminished sleep duration and caused more frequent and longer transitions into wakefulness and drowsiness. Slow-wave sleep decreased and stage 2 increased. REM sleep was markedly reduced, especially initially, and there was a withdrawal rebound. Viloxazine impaired subjective concentration mood, and quality of sleep. Three volunteers, however, had striking mood elevation. The drug caused a small loss of weight, which correlated with gastrointestinal symptoms. Three older subjects experienced withdrawal vomiting and prostration. Viloxazine shares properties with imipramine and with amphetamines.
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PMID:Viloxazine, sleep, and subjective feelings. 20 85

Varying reactions of the vegetative nerve system to various point combinations (for example: vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, urge to urinate, fatigue or drowsiness, headache), especially to the needling of Tai Chong (Li 3), induced us to perform biochemical studies before and after acupuncture treatment. A group of children and a group of adults were studied. The material studied was urine and blood; from the children, urine only. The following were determined in the urine: indolacetic acid, 5-hydroxy-indol-3-acetic acid, homovanillic acid, and vanillic-mandelic acid; in the blood, tyrosine and tryptophan (free and bound). Individual points with wide influence (He Gu = LI 4; Zu San Li = St 36; Tai Chong = Li 3) and their combination with generally effective points were tested. The needling of Tai Chong especially showed a clear increase in indolamine metabolism. Isolated increases in metabolites of catecholamine metabolism could be correlated with the patient's increased physical activity after acupuncture. Noteworthy is the observation that no significant chemical reactions were evident if local reactions to the needling no longer appeared at the end of a series of acupuncture treatments.
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PMID:Manipulation of neurotransmitters by acupuncture (?) (A preliminary communication). 23 99

A consecutive series of 140 children was observed after strabismus surgery. All the postoperative problems are attributable to general anaesthesia, vomiting and drowsiness being the principal ones. Respiratory difficulties were unusual. There is no reason to keep a healthy child in hospital for longer than one night, and day case strabismus surgery appears to be safe if (1) an experienced doctor gives the anaesthetic, (2) there is adequate supervision for 3 to 4 hours after surgery, (3) the appropriate district nurse is forewarned that a child is returning home after general anaesthesia, and (4) facilities are available to retain a child in hospital if a problem arises before discharge. Signs of emotional trauma may be less in children treated as day cases than in those hospitalized for one or more nights.
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PMID:Day case surgery for strabismus in children. 27 97

Ten patients with severe dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) or multi-infarct dementia (MID) or both, were treated with the precursor amino acids of the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. The precursor amino acids (PAA) were given orally in a preparation that included tyrosine (4 gm daily) and 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-HTP) (800 mg daily), plus carbidopa (100 mg daily) as an aromatic amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor. Diagnosis was established by an electroencephalogram, brain scan, computerized axial tomographic scan, and in one case by necropsy findings. Serial clinical evaluations and measurements of neuropsychologic function were performed. Levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined before and after administration of probenecid. Side effects of the PAA therapy were diarrhea, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting and agitation, all of which were controlled by reducing the dosage. One patient with MID and one with AD+MID showed clinical and psychologic improvement, but the others did not improve. Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid for HVA and 5-HIAA before and after the probenecid test indicated some improvement in the metabolic turnover of these acid metabolites of serotonin and dopamine after administration of their precursor amino acids.
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PMID:Neurotransmitter precursor amino acids in the treatment of multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. 30 Nov 48

The effect of guancydine (1-cyano-3-tert-amylguanidine) on systemic and renal hemodynamics was studied in nine patients with arterial hypertension. Antihypertensive drugs were withheld for 15 days before beginning the investigation. Average sodium intake was 105 meq/24 hours in some patients and 25 meq/24 hours in others. Patients received placebo during a control period that averaged 14 days. Guancydine was given for 7 to 18 days at an average dose of 21 mg/kg of body weight. Although mean arterial blood pressure decreased significantly in all patients, it reached normal levels in only two. There was no change in cardiac output. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow remained unchanged, whereas urinary sodium excretion diminished, suggesting an activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. A substantial gain in body weight was noted. Nausea, vomiting, constipation, somnolence, restlessness, mental confusion, asthenia, and urine retention were observed. The anti-angiotensin effect of guancydine that has been described in animals was not observed.
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PMID:Effect of guancydine on systemic and renal hemodynamics in arterial hypertension. 32 1


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