Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-three children with advanced cancer refractory to conventional therapy received weekly iv doses of neocarzinostatin for 5 weeks. Doses were escalated from 500 to 6750 units/m2/week. Four types of toxic manifestations occurred: acute reactions consisting of shaking chills with or without fever and cyanosis (rigor), hypersensitivity, vomiting, and marrow depression. Evidence of oncolytic activity was limited to patients with acute leukemia in whom phase II trials at doses between 3000 and 4500 units/m2 appear warranted.
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PMID:Phase I study of neocarzinostatin in children with cancer. 15 67

Ten clinically intact weaned piglets were experimentally intoxicated by intravenous injection of lipoproteide-free lipopolysaccharide endotoxin according to Westphal of E. coli O 127:B8. Severe endotoxin shock with all clinical manifestations of experimental coli-enterotoxaemia was induced in all animals and included circulatory disorder with tachycardia, intermittent pallor and/or cyanosis, symptoms of severe systemic intoxication, neurological symptoms, such as lack of coordination, hindleg staggering, spasm, paresis, paralysis, changes in respiration, such as rise in respiratory frequency and deepened breathing premortal deceleration of respiration and gasping for breath, temperature, variation, including hyperthermia and aggravating hypothermia, gastro-intestinal symptoms, such as temporary vomiting and persistent diarrhoea, leucopenia, eosinopenia, variation of haematocrit, edematisation, increased transudation, congestion, and gastro-intestinal shock lesions. Eight animals died. These experiments quite obviously have confirmed that endotoxin shock is the common pathogenetic principle behind all forms of coli-entertoxaemia (i.e, the forms of edematisation, cardiovascular failure, and gastro-intestinal processes.) Lipopolysaccharide endotoxin alone may be responsible for the development of both edemas and neurotoxic symptoms (edema disease) and diarrhoea (gastro-intestinal form of coli-enterotoxaemia). The pathogenetic relevance of additional toxins (neurotoxin and enterotoxin) is discussed under this aspect.
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PMID:[Experimental studies on the pathogenesis of Coli-enterotoxemia in swine. 4. Effect of lipopolysaccharide endotoxin on weaned piglets following parenteral administration]. 33 9

A 45-year-old man ate about 10 gm of dapsone (DDS). After initial vomiting marked methemoglobinemia with cyanosis, headache, and confusion developed. Methemoglobinemia subsided 7 days after ingestion when the concentrations of DDS and monoacetyldapsone (MADDS) were at the therapeutic level. Signs of hemolysis appeared on the third day after DDS ingestion, the hemolysis being maximal more than one week after ingestion. The initial disappearance of DDS and MADDS was slow, the apparent half-lives being 88 and 67 hr, respectively. Peroral activated charcoal seemed to shorten the half-lives of DDS and MADDS markedly. This result supports the concept of the enterohepatic cycle of dapsone and recommends the use of activated charcoal for several days in acute poisonings caused by DDS.
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PMID:Acute dapsone intoxication: a case with prolonged symptoms. 43 85

Acute dapsone poisoning is rare and such cases are either accidental or suicidal. Though accidental DDS poisoning are reported in children, the same is fairly uncommon in adults. Only 2 such cases are reported in India literature. We here report 4 cases of fatal sucidial DDS poisoning in adults resulting death in 3 cases. The reported acute symptoms include nausea, vomiting, hyperexcitability followed by depression, Carpopedal spasm or convulsions. The most marked signs are dyspnoea and cyanosis. The symptoms are due to methaemoglobinaemia, and or sulphaemoglobinaemia. Normally dapsone induces red cell haemolysis and even with small therapeutic doses of 25-100 mg per day, and in toxic doses reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood and damages the red cells making them more vulnerable for haemolysis. The peculiarity of the presentation in this series are manifestation of severe haemorrhagic episode in one case and progressive jaundice in another besides cyanosis. None of the cases had carpopedal spasm or convulsion. Out of four cases three died inspite of intensive care, intravenous vitamin C, exchange transfusion (2 cases) and other supportive measures. Intravenous methylene blue could not be used in these cases due to non-availability.
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PMID:Acute fatal DDS poisoning. (Report of 4 cases). 48 Sep 16

Water hemlock is a ubiquitous plant that can be mistaken for a turnip as in the case reported. Oral ingestion causes an explosive illness consisting of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and grand mal seizures that can progress to cyanosis and death. In the reported case a 30-year old man was found semi-comatose some 75 minutes after ingesting a "turnip". The history revealed profuse emesis shortly after eating lunch that changed from bile to frank blood. There was a mean orthostatic blood pressure change of 30 torr, with an increase in the heart rate of 10%. Neurologic examination revealed a lethargic patient. Following administration of 4 liters of Ringer's lactate the patient's blood pressure stabilized and with continued isotonic fluid maintenance he improved rapidly. This case indicates that appropriate management should be directed toward protecting the patient's airway from gastric aspiration, restoring the intravascular and extracellular volume deficit, and controlling cerebral edema.
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PMID:A case of water hemlock poisoning. 49 28

During an outbreak of pertussis in the Cardiff area in 1974, 229 children with the disease were studied to assess the effect of immunisation upon its natural history and severity. The typical clinical features of pertussis, such as paroxysmal cough, whooping, vomiting, cyanosis, and irregular breathing, were less prevalent in both the immunised and the older children. Immunisation is the main factor in protecting against complications such as fits; and, together with older age, it protects against hospitalisation. Nevertheless, pertussis today can be just as severe as it was 40 years ago, and the vaccine remains the major factor ameliorating its natural history. The immunisation programme needs more active support by all child health workers.
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PMID:The effects of immunisation upon the natural history of pertussis. A family study in the Cardiff area. 71 79

Twenty-two patients with cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma were treated with intralesional injections of the methanol extraction residue of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER). The local reaction consisted of erythema and pustule formation followed by ulceration and tumor necrosis. Side effects included fever, chills, headache and malaise in the majority of patients; nausea, vomiting, cyanosis and hypotension occurred infrequently. Hypersensitivity reactions were not observed. Temporary abnormalities in liver function were seen in 11 of 19 patients tested. Reversible lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia developed in 7 of 17 and 7 of 18 patients, respectively. Immune function, as measured by skin tests for delayed hypersensitivity and the in vitro response of isolated lymphocytes to mitogens and microbial antigens, was not influenced by treatment with MER. Transient increases were observed in total hemolytic complement, complement components and the reduction of nitroblue-tetrazolium by neutrophils. Eight of eighteen evaluable patients showed a complete disappearance of all injected lesions. We conclude that intratumoral injection of MER is effective treatment for cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma, with a complete response rate comparable to that observed after intralesional injection of BCG.
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PMID:Intralesional injection of the methanol extraction residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER) into cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma. 72 66

Nineteen patients with various solid tumors were treated with Corynebacterium parvum for 10 consecutive days at doses ranging from 0.5 to 6 mg/m2. Major toxic effects included rigors and cyanosis, hypertension, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Toxicity was maximal during the first 3 days of treatment and decreased or even disappeared when, on subsequent days, increasing doses of the vaccine were given. Objective tumor regressions were observed in four patients.
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PMID:Phase I study of corynebacterium parvum in patients with solid tumors. 76 53

Infants with athyrotic hypothyroidism usually manifest signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism prior to or during the period in the newborn nursery. These features are variable and include: prolonged gestation with large size at birth, large posterior fontanel, respiratory distress, hypothermia, peripheral cyanosis, hypoactivity, poor feeding, lag in onset of stooling, abdominal distension with vomiting, protracted icterus, and/or edema. Retrospective assessment of newborn nursery records of three infants from the Collaborative Perinatal Project who were subsequently found to have congenital hypothyroidism disclosed that they had six, eight, and nine, respectively, of these features while in the newborn nursery. Evaluation of newborn records on 12 other infants, often less complete, who were later found to have congenital hypothyroidism disclosed that each infant had from one to seven of these signs and symptoms, with an average of 3.2 per infant. Thus the most important period for clinical consideration of athyrotic hypothyroidism is in the newborn nursery to initiate early thyroid replacement therapy in affected infants.
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PMID:Congenital hypothyroidism--signs and symptoms in the newborn period. 123 54

Pigs in which venous catheters were positioned for long-term use were injected i.v. with high doses of nicotine in physiol. saline. The LD50 was 2.656 mg/kg body weight. Clinical symptoms were mainly: forced respiration, muscular tremor to tetanoid spasms, cyanosis of the skin, salivation and sometimes vomiting. The degree and duration of symptoms were dose-dependent. Ecg changes in anaesthesized pigs following intravenous nicotine injections of 0.126 mg/kg and 0.378 mg/kg at 15 minutes' interval were immediately commencing disturbances of the heart rate in form of bradycardia and asystolia. After 5 sec we observed extrasystoles, tachycardia, sino-auricular block and AV-block of first and second degree as well as a number of T- and P-changes. Changes of the ecg were observed generally for 10 to 15 min, however, the T-wave remained sometimes negative or biphasic-preterminal negative for some hours.
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PMID:Effect of high doses of nicotine in pigs. I. Changes of the electrocardiogram. 125 87


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