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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric duplication cysts are rare. The usual presentation is an abdominal mass with vomiting. In this article we report on a case presenting as an acute abdomen.
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PMID:Gastric duplication cyst presenting as an acute abdomen in a child. 280 90

Six neonates with midgut malrotation and volvulus were explored with ultrasonography before surgery. In each case, ultrasound detected an abnormal position of the superior mesenteric vein with regard to the superior mesenteric artery, indicating a midgut malrotation. In 4 patients, a propeller-like image was present around the superior mesenteric axis, demonstrating an associated volvulus. In 2 patients, there was a tumor-like presentation of the volvulated small intestine. Compared to the intestinal opacification, ultrasound seems to be a simple and rapid method to explore the neonate with vomiting or acute abdomen.
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PMID:[Echographic aspects of midgut malrotation with volvulus in the newborn infant]. 305 1

The case is described of a 33-year-old woman with an 8-year history of oral contraceptive (OC) use who was treated at a hospital in Buenos Aires for a hepatic adenoma. The woman was admitted with an acute abdomen. Apart from OC use she had a history of hypertension for which she was treated with clonidine and diuretics. The physical findings included pain in the right abdomen, involuntary guarding, vomiting, and fever. Ultrasonography showed a normal bladder and pancreas and a nodular image in the right hepatic lobe. A CAT scan revealed a mass in the right hepatic lobe, and a needle biopsy later showed normal hepatic cells. Laparoscopy revealed a solid formation from which blood was obtained on puncturing. Angiography showed tortuous hepatic arteries. Laboratory tests were normal. An exploratory laparotomy was performed when the different studies failed to establish a clear diagnosis. A tumor was found in the right hepatic lobe but was not respected because the frozen section biopsy did not show malignant cells. The definite diagnosis of hepatic adenoma was based on the definitive biopsy. OC treatment was terminated and the tumor was in almost complete remission 1 year later. Hepatic adenomas are benign tumors, usually single, which occur rarely and primarily in women aged 30-40 who use OCs. A review of the literature indicated that the forms of presentation of hepatic adenoma are very varied. Pain was the initial symptom in 12-52% of cases. The pain was of sudden onset in 1/3. Hepatic adenoma is however infrequently considered as a cause of acute abdomen. Treatment in 73% of cases is surgical because of the danger of hemorrhage and shock and because of the potential for malignant transformation.
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PMID:[Acute abdomen as form of presentation of hepatic adenoma]. 307 13

In a 26-year-old patient admitted to the emergency ward with acute abdomen, all the symptoms--nausea, vomiting, indeterminate abdominal pain, constipation, renal failure, polyuria and polydipsia--could be explained by calcium intoxication syndrome. Investigation revealed generalized sarcoidosis. Under medical treatment with prednisone all the pathologic findings rapidly regressed. The pathogenesis of hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis, and particularly the disorder of vitamin D metabolism with raised levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, are discussed.
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PMID:[Acute hypercalcemia syndrome in sarcoidosis]. 384 Sep 13

The records of 106 consecutive patients referred to the University of Colorado Medical Center (UCMC) vasculitis study group during a 5-yr period were evaluated for gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations attributable to vasculitis. There were 3 groups: 18 with leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) on skin biopsy younger than 16 yr of age; 75 with LCV older than 16 yr of age; and 13 with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). Significant GI manifestations at presentation or exacerbation of vasculitis occurred in 38 of 106 (36%) patients. These were more frequent in LCV patients younger than 16 yr (66%), than older LCV patients (26%) or PAN patients (46%). The commonest complaint was abdominal pain (79%), followed by nausea (63%), vomiting (37%) and diarrhea (23%). GI bleeding was present in 52% and acute abdomen in 21% of patients. No consistent radiologic findings were noted. Duodenal and peritoneal biopsies suggested vasculitis in 6 LCV patients. Seven exploratory laparotomies were performed in 4 LCV and 3 PAN patients. Intestinal infarction was found in 3 patients with PAN, but in one of the LCV patients. Two patients with LCV with an acute abdomen were not explored and responded promptly to iv corticosteroids. Thus, systemic vasculitis frequently involves the GI tract. In patients with LCV, recognition of this association and treatment with corticosteroids can avoid surgery. In our patients with PAN, however, acute abdominal signs indicated infarction requiring surgery and resection.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal involvement in leukocytoclastic vasculitis and polyarteritis nodosa. 610 71

Between 1974 and 1978 we saw nine patients with acute gastro-duodenal ulcers. Morphologically these were characterised by their unusual extent without deep penetration, by sharp bizarre contours, and with symmetrical findings in the gastric antrum. Spasm and submucous inflammatory reactions may obscure the niche of an antral ulcer and lead to stenosis and rigidity; in the differential diagnosis an infiltrating carcinoma must be excluded. This is possible by double contrast demonstration of the ulcer en face. The clinical picture is one of sudden, severe upper abdominal pain with features of an acute abdomen, often with a previous history of stress or of gastric distension with vomiting.
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PMID:[Acute gastro-duodenal ulceration--lesions without a niche (author's transl)]. 645 96

The association between Clostridium septicum sepsis in patients with malignant disease has been frequently documented. A presentation with fever, neutropenia, vomiting, and an acute abdomen is characteristic of this anaerobic infection which has been uniformly fatal in children with acute leukemia. We report the unusual course and the successful treatment of an adolescent with an abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma with leukemic transformation and clostridium septicum sepsis and cellulitis.
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PMID:Successful therapy of Clostridium septicum sepsis in a child with Burkitt's lymphoma. 678 26

Enteric intussusception is one f the most frequent causes of acute abdomen in early childhood, with an incidence of 1.3-2/1000 children born and higher frequency from the third to the twelfth month. Primary intussusception is related to predisponsing factors such as peristalsis disorders or Peyer's patch hypertrophy induced by viral infection. Secondary intussusception is due to organic injury in the intestinal wall. The most involved sites are the terminal ileum and the ileocecum, the most frequent type is ileocolic intussusception. Many clinical forms exist, including acute enteric intussusception with its pathognomonic triad intermittent abdominal pain, emesis and rectal bleeding and the atypical form with a neurological presentation, where sopor, myosis and muscular atonicity are dominating, Intussusception can also present in a subacute or chronic form with a slow and apsecific onset. In a retrospective investigation we examined 30 cases of intussusception in children hospitalized at the Pediatric Clinic of Pisa from the 1960s up to today. Our patients (16 males and 14 females) were aged between one month and two years. Clinical presentations resulted in; typical forms (60%), atypical forms (16%), subacute forms 13%) and recurrent forms (10%). Clinical suspicion was confirmed either by the presence of blood observed during rectal exploration, which is a pathognomonic sign, or by the opaque enema which led to recovery by means of hydrostatic reduction in 40% of the cases. The remaining patients (60%) underwent surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Intestinal intussusception in children]. 747 46

Acute pancreatitis (AP) remains a subject of great controversy from the standpoint of its aetiology, pathogeny and treatment. We present a study of 91 patients with AP consecutively admitted to a surgical ward. 50 Women and 41 men with a mean age of 59 +/- 19 years were treated. The aetiology of AP was attributed to gallstones in 54 patients, alcohol in 22, ERPC and trauma; in 14 patients the aetiology was considered idiopathic. The most frequent signs and symptoms were pain, vomiting, abdominal tenderness, jaundice and fever. The mean number of Ranson's prognostic criteria was 3 +/- 1.5 and 29 patients (31%) had more than three. Initial management was conservative in 84 patients (92.3%) and seven were operated on admission (acute abdomen in four, septic shock in two and common duct obstruction in another). Mortality rate was 11% (n = 10) and in 24 patients (26.3%) there were complications of AP. Most of the patients (80%) began oral feeding a week after admission. The mean number of Ranson's criteria of patients deceased was 5.4 +/- 1.6 and of those who survived was 2.8 +/- 1.3 (p < 0.001). Follow-up of patients allowed us to see that in five (5.5%) there was a relapse of AP.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis. An analysis of 91 consecutive cases (1988-1991) with a brief review of the literature)]. 762 26

Primary torsion of the omentum is an unusual cause of an acute abdomen and commonly mimics acute appendicitis. The following report of four obese children is supportive of obesity as a predisposing factor. The paucity of gastrointestinal symptoms, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and the relatively long duration of symptoms, may increase the index of suspicion. In the majority of cases, the diagnosis is made intraoperatively by digital exploration through the muscle-splitting incision. The torsed omentum is easily delivered through the same incision, and excision results in complete recovery.
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PMID:Primary omental torsion in children. 766 14


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