Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical spectrum of juvenile head trauma syndromes was derived from an analysis of 50 attacks in 25 patients. Attacks were grouped into four clinical types: (1) hemiparesis; (2) somnolence, irritability, and vomiting; (3) blindness; and (4) brain stem signs. Our evidence shows that these four types are different manifestations of a common underlying process. All attacks followed mild head trauma after a latent interval, generally of one to ten minutes. Forty of the 50 attacks occurred in patients under 14 years of age. Full recovery occurred after a variable time in all but one instance. This patient, and one other, had an angiographically demonstrable occlusion of a branch of the middle cerebral artery. In clinical and laboratory features, these attacks resemble classical migraine and presumably have a similar underlying mechanism.
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PMID:Juvenile head trauma syndromes and their relationship to migraine. 118 Jul 41

The efficacy of the selective 5HT1-like agonist sumatriptan in acute treatment of classical migraine (i.e. migraine with aura) was assessed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group randomized trial. An oral dose of 200 mg was chosen on the basis of the efficacy rates achieved (70-85%) with 70-280 mg in open studies (1, 2). The dose of 200 mg was also chosen for the study because preliminary data from an oral pilot study indicated that efficacy increased with increasing dose up to 200 mg. Each patient was treated for a maximum of three separate attacks of migraine with aura within a three months' period. Three attacks were treated so that we could examine consistency of response across more than one attack. For attack 1, 200 mg sumatriptan was significantly more effective, safe and well tolerated than placebo at relieving headache 2 h after treatment was given (p = 0.023). In subsequent attacks, i.e. in attacks 2 and 3, there was no such significant effect of sumatriptan compared with placebo in relieving headache. This reduced efficacy of sumatriptan in the second and third attacks may be due to a high incidence of vomiting induced by the high dose of dispersible formulation and also by the bitter taste of the tablets. In addition, there was an increase in placebo response in attacks 2 and 3 compared to the first attack.
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PMID:Sumatriptan in the treatment of acute migraine with aura. 131 46

We studied the prevalence of migraine in low-tension glaucoma (LTG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Seventy seven Japanese patients with LTG, 73 with POAG, and 75 normal subjects were randomly selected and tested with a headache questionnaire. The prevalence of headache with or without typical migrainous features (unilateral headache or ocular pain, nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbance before headache) was 51% in LTG, 42% in POAG, and 44% in normal patients. The prevalence of headache with two migrainous features or more (probable migraine) was 17% in LTG, 11% in POAG, and 12% in normal subjects. The prevalence of headache with three migrainous features (classical migraine) was 5% in LTG, 3% in POAG, and 3% in normal subjects. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of any types of migraine between the three groups of patients (p greater than 0.05). These results suggest there is no significant relationship between migraine and LTG or POAG in Japanese patients.
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PMID:Prevalence of migraine in low-tension glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma in Japanese. 202 90

Three major areas of medicine are identified in which there is a need for new antiemetic drugs. These are the nausea and vomiting arising from gastrointestinal motility disturbances (functional dyspepsia, diabetic neuropathy, classical migraine), the sickness evoked by abnormal motion, and the severe emesis experienced by cancer patients as a result of certain cytotoxic therapies. For gastrointestinal-related nausea, selective stimulants of gut motility are suggested to form the basis for a new type of antiemetic therapy. In motion sickness, there has been progress in the understanding of the illness, but little advance in the development of new drugs that selectively prevent this type of sickness. In cancer chemo- and radio-therapy, the discovery that selective 5-HT3 (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) receptor antagonists can prevent severe cytotoxic-evoked emesis now promises to radically change the type of antiemetic therapy given to these patients. This type of antiemetic compound and the pharmacology of the new 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are, therefore, discussed in detail.
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PMID:New antiemetic drugs. 217 55

In an open multicentre study in Switzerland, the dihydroergotamine nasal spray was studied for its efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of acute migraine attacks (common and classical migraine--one attack each patient) in a total of 904 patients. In the global assessment, 76.8% of all the patients reported good efficacy (freedom from pain, less pain or shorter duration of pain). When the nasal spray was used already in the prodromal phase, good efficacy could be obtained by 90 (63%) of 143 patients. 18.1% of all the patients treated--more frequently those who obtained no beneficial effect and/or who took additional medication during the migraine attack--reported one or more--minor side-effects such as local nasal irritation (congestion, burning or stinging), nausea, dizziness and vomiting. 3.9% of the patients said they would not use the spray again because of the side effects.
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PMID:[Dihydroergotamine as a nasal spray in the therapy of migraine attacks. Efficacy and tolerance]. 220 27