Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Small gut volvulus with multiple Jejuno-ileal diverticulosis is an unusual pathology of the small intestine with a scarce number of cases reported so far. It usually goes unnoticed because it is often asymptomatic but complications like diverticulitis, perforation, bleeding or intestinal obstruction can occur in 10-30% of the cases. Mechanical obstruction, if it occurs, can be caused by adhesions or stenosis due to diverticulitis, intussusception at the site of the diverticulum and volvulus of the segment containing the diverticula. Acute volvulus of the small bowel is a serious abdominal emergency that poses a difficulty in diagnosis and delayed operative intervention can lead to dire consequences. We herein report the case of a 42-yearold man presented at the emergency department with acute abdominal pain, absolute constipation and vomiting. Preoperative investigations followed by laparotomy revealed small gut volvulus and multiple giant jejunal and ileal diverticula.
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PMID:Small Gut Volvulus, A Rare Twist, In The Setting Of An Even Rarer Entity; Multiple Giant Jejuno Ileal Diverticula. 2871 96

Diverticulosis is a rare disease with a multifactorial aetiology, with a large majority in the elderly. It is characterized by a mildly symptomatic and non-specific clinical symptom. Unequivocal diagnosis can be difficult and not always possible before intraoperative examination. Delayed diagnosis can result in life-threatening consequences such as intestinal perforation or hemorrhage. A case of an 86-year-old patient with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting lasting for 2 days was reported. In the physical examination of the deviation from the normal state, general abrasion, flatulence and tenderness were found in the mesogastric abdominal area. In the past 6 months, the patient reported weight loss and a change in bowel movements. In laboratory tests, low leucocytosis, with normal levels of C-reactive protein. Despite intensive treatment, no improvement in general condition was observed. Due to persistent abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms, it was decided to perform reconnaissance laparotomy. Several diverticulae of the initial small intestine were found in the intestine at ca. 20 cm from the Treitz ligament. The intestines were decompress by cutting them. Due to localization of lesions, no inflammation, perforation or haemorrhage, age and general condition of the patient, resection of the diseased segment of the small intestine was rescued. Perioperative and postoperative course without complications. Patient was discharged home in good general condition 10 days after surgery.
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PMID:[Diverticulosis of the proximal part of the jejunum causing intestinal obstruction - case report]. 2947 94

End stage renal disease (ESRD) population account for 1.9 per patient year of hospital admissions annually. ESRD population are at increased risk of bleeding secondary to use of anticoagulation during hemodialysis and uremia induced platelet dysfunction. Gastrointestinal bleeding accounts for 3-7% of all deaths in ESRD population. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding refers to blood loss from a site in the gastrointestinal tract distal to the ligament of Treitz. It is usually suspected when a patient complains of hematochezia. It is different from patients presenting with hematemesis that suggests bleeding from upper gastrointestinal tract. Common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleed include diverticulosis, ischemia, hemorrhoids, neoplasia, angiodysplasia, and inflammatory bowel disease. ESRD patients are known to retain phosphate alone or in combination with calcium which has been associated with high mortality. Sevelamer is a phosphate binder used widely in ESRD population. The known side effects of sevelamer include metabolic acidosis, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, constipation, flatulence, fecal impaction, and skin rash. We are reporting a unique case of a 56-year-old female with end stage renal disease on sevelamer hydrochloride who presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and underwent a right hemicolectomy found to have sevelamer-induced mucosal ulceration and crystal deposition in the colonic mucosa. This case report highlights the fact that, with widespread use of this medication in the patients with chronic kidney diseases, physicians should be aware of this underrecognized entity in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleed in ESRD patients.
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PMID:Colonic Mucosal Ulceration and Gastrointestinal Bleeding Associated with Sevelamer Crystal Deposition in a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease. 2968 71

Diverticular disease is a common disorder and its incidence increases with ageing. Pathophysiology is multifactorial. Lifestyle, including smoking, alcohol intake, decreased dietary fibres and lack of physical activity, plays a predominant role. Genetics seems also to contribute specifically for right-sided diverticular disease (RSD). The majority of the patients with diverticular disease are asymptomatic. Diverticulitis is the inflammation of the diverticula usually presenting with abdominal pain associated to nausea, vomiting, rectal bleeding, diarrhoea and fever. When the inflammation process affects the diverticula in the ascending colon, the condition represents a clinical challenge as it can be easily misdiagnosed with other acute abdominal emergencies. We reported a case of a 70-year-old female who presented to our Emergency Department (ED) with right upper quadrant pain and an initial clinical suspicion of cholecystitis. Ultrasound (US) and Computed Tomography (CT) demonstrated an anatomical variation of the sigmoid colon diverticulitis. This clinical report demonstrates that ultrasound plays a relevant part as first-step approach to the acute abdominal conditions and its accuracy increases together with other diagnostic tools such as Computer Tomography.
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PMID:"Sigmoid diverticulitis mimicking cholecystitis" a clinical challenge. 3135 66

A 73-year-old woman was admitted to the intensive care unit following vomiting and diarrhoea onset after completing oral bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy to investigate haematochezia. She had a history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Crohn's disease, diverticular disease, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. She was resuscitated with intravenous fluids, antibiotics and required epinephrine, norepinephrine and vasopressin infusions. She improved over her 4-day intensive care admission and was discharged to the general medical ward, but ultimately died 19 days after presentation.
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PMID:Bowel preparation agent inducing profound shock precolonoscopy. 3216 Oct 80


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