Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe the case of a young and otherwise healthy nurse who developed pseudomembranous colitis ten days after receiving oral clindamycin for dental infection. Her clinical course was particularly stormy and was characterized by severe diarrhea and vomiting, profuse ascites, pleural effusion, abdominal tenderness, peritoneal irritation, and systemic toxicity. The Clostridium difficile assay was negative on two occasions. Features compatible with pseudomembranous colitis were seen at sigmoidoscopy, and the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsies.
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PMID:Pseudomembranous colitis: report of a severe case with unusual clinical signs in a young nurse. 1069 3

Historically, oral cephalosporins represent one of the most widely used and safest classes of antimicrobials available. Typical adverse events have included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hypersensitivity reactions. Other more serious events such as pseudomembranous colitis, although infrequent, may occur. The exact type and incidence of adverse events varies depending on the cephalosporin being administered. Differences in adverse event profiles may also vary by age of the patient. Reactions are usually not severe and often do not require termination of therapy. The purpose of this review is to present to healthcare providers the historical safety profile of the most commonly used oral cephalosporins.
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PMID:Adverse events associated with the use of oral cephalosporins/cephems. 1729 75

Labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and (18)F-FDG PET are well-documented techniques for the assessment of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, a 28-year-old man with abdominal pain, vomiting, and raised serum amylase and lipase levels underwent PET/CT imaging using FDG-labeled autologous leukocytes to assess for pancreatic infection. While the pancreas showed no abnormal tracer uptake, colonic inflammation was incidentally detected, and a diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis was subsequently confirmed on colonoscopy and biopsy.
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PMID:Incidental detection of colonic inflammation on PET/CT using 18F-FDG-labeled autologous leukocytes. 2333 39

A 73-year-old African-American male was transported to the emergency department due to what emergency personnel described as "coffee ground emesis." He was pronounced dead shortly after arrival. An unlimited autopsy examination was conducted under authorization of the coroner's office. Medical record review revealed that the decedent had been discharged from the hospital just one day prior to his death following a three-day admission for abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and a 22-lb unintentional weight loss. Medical history documented hypertension, chronic obstructive lung disease, and a 57-pack-year smoking history. Alcohol abuse was also endorsed, but cessation of use was reported six months prior. During that admit, he was treated for volume-depletion, a urinary tract infection, and suspected infective colitis with antibiotics. Symptoms had resolved on hospital day three, and the patient was discharged home with a two-week course of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole and a follow-up colonoscopy appointment in one month. At the time of autopsy, the decedent was described as cachectic. Figure 1a shows the decedent's esophagus, opened longitudinally. Figure 1b shows the corresponding histology from the esophagus. Other findings documented at autopsy included ischemic bowel disease in the descending colon with patchy superimposed pseudomembranous colitis, emphysematous change, papillary renal cell carcinoma of the right kidney, microscopic prostatic adenocarcinoma, hepatic fibrosis, and intact hepatic hemangiomata.
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PMID:Pathology image of the month. Black esophagus detected at autopsy in a patient with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. DIAGNOSIS: Acute esophageal necrosis, ischemic and pseudomembranous colitis. 2531 65

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare event in surgery. It looks like acute appendicitis and it is difficult to diagnose it on clinical grounds alone. The diagnosis is always confirmed by histopathology of a surgically removed appendix. A young man, 22 years old, presented with vomiting, diarrhea, and cramps in his abdomen without abdominal tenderness (mild abdominal discomfort in the right lower abdominal quadrant without signs of peritoneal irritation) during the previous month. The first endoscopic results showed only changes of mucosa that could be attributed to endoscopic and clinical representation of Crohn's disease. A few days after the initiation of the therapy with aminosalicylates and corticosteroids, the patient went into ileus and was transferred to the Department of Surgery, where he underwent an emergency right-sided hemicolectomy with resection of the transversal colon and forming of an ileostoma. The first pathohistological diagnosis was pseudomembranous colitis. Because the patient's condition was deteriorating, a revision of the pathohistological diagnosis was done. After careful revision and extensive sampling, a signet ring cell carcinoma arising in the appendix with infiltration of the ileocecal region was found. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for CDX-2 CK7, CK20, CK19, and carcinoembryonic antigen and negative for chromogranin A. Sixteen isolated lymph nodes were negative. Although the patient had a disease that was localized to the appendix and ileocecal region with no apparent distal metastasis, his clinical condition was worsening rapidly and he died after 2 months. This case shows the aggressive biological behavior of the appendix signet ring cell carcinoma. Scrupulous histopathological examination of the appendix is an obligatory procedure. Elimination of the signet ring cell carcinoma from other carcinoma subtypes is of special importance as it has an exceptionally poor prognosis and is generally diagnosed in its advanced stages.
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PMID:Signet Ring Carcinoma of the Appendix Presenting as Crohn's Disease in a Young Male. 3002 16


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