Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A phase I study with human lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) was conducted in 31 patients with malignant tumors. IFN-alpha was administered by intravenous drip infusion, intramuscular injection or local injection. In each patient, the dose was increased in 6 steps from 3 X 10(6) IU/body up to 54 X 10(6) IU/body for the purpose of investigating the safety, optimal regimen, pharmacokinetics and antitumor effect. The following findings were obtained: 1) Fever as a side effect was most frequently (in about 80%) found. However, the temperature did not exceed 40 degrees C in most cases and, on the next day, spontaneously fell to normal. 2) The dose-limiting factors (DLF) may include the subjective symptoms of anorexia, general fatigue and nausea/vomiting and the objective symptom of pancytopenia. 3) The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was estimated to be between 36 X 10(6) and 54 X 10(6) IU/body per dose. 4) As for the route of administration, the intramuscular one was considered most suitable on the basis of the plasma concentration profile of INF-alpha. It was therefore concluded that the drug may be further submitted to a phase II study which is to be conducted with due consideration of its safety.
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PMID:[Phase I study of human lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon on malignant tumor]. 396 61

Twenty-four patients with measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma were treated in a phase I-II trial with alpha (human leukocyte) interferon (alpha IFN) and vinblastine (VBL) in combination. Patients received 3 X 10(6) IU/day of alpha IFN im 5 days/week and VBL iv weekly (at a starting dose of 0.15 mg/kg), with doses modified for toxicity. All patients were evaluable for toxicity; 23 patients were evaluable for response. An objective response rate of 13% was observed (three partial responses). An additional 22% of patients had minimal responses (five patients). The occurrence of nausea, vomiting, thrombocytopenia, hepatic dysfunction, and fever was comparable to that seen in previous studies of alpha IFN alone. Granulocytopenia, neurotoxicity, and malaise, however, occurred with increased frequency and severity. alpha IFN and VBL administered in combination in this dose schedule demonstrated activity similar to but toxicity greater than that seen in previous trials of alpha IFN alone.
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PMID:Treatment of renal cell carcinoma with alpha (human leukocyte) interferon and vinblastine in combination: a phase I-II trial. 397 56

Eighteen patients with advanced breast cancer refractory to first-line chemotherapy and hormonal therapy (or estrogen receptor-negative) were treated with human alpha-lymphoblastoid interferon (Wellferon) in a dose of 30 X 10(6) U/m2 im weekly. None of 15 patients receiving three or more doses achieved a partial or complete response. Toxicity was substantial and included fatigue, malaise, fever, hematologic suppression, nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea.
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PMID:Phase II trial of alpha-lymphoblastoid interferon given weekly as treatment of advanced breast cancer. 400 77

Fourteen patients with persistent epithelial ovarian cancer documented at second look laparotomy after combination chemotherapy were treated with 146 cycles of alpha-recombinant interferon (rIFN-alpha 2) administered i.p. The initial dose was 5 X 10(6) units which was escalated weekly to 50 X 10(6) units over 4 weeks and then continued weekly for a total of 16 weeks. Eleven patients underwent surgical reevaluation after therapy which confirmed four pathological complete responses (36%), one partial response (9%), and disease progression in six patients (55%). Five of seven patients (71%) with residual tumor less than 5 mm had a surgically documented response, whereas there was no response in the four patients whose tumors were greater than or equal to 5 mm. Three patients were evaluable for clinical response only: one patient who refused surgery had a complete clinical response with total resolution of ascites; one had stable disease; and one had disease progression. Fever greater than or equal to 38 degrees C was seen in 58%, fever greater than or equal to 39.0 degrees C was seen in 18%, vomiting in 37%, abdominal pain was reported in 22%, and one patient had infectious peritonitis. Peripheral white blood cell counts and i.p. washings were obtained pretreatment and on days 1, 3, and 7 after treatment. While there was no consistent alteration in peripheral white blood cell counts, the numbers of i.p. monocytes and lymphocytes showed a significant boost on day 1 after each dose of rIFN-alpha 2. Natural killer lymphocyte cytotoxicity was elevated in the i.p. cavity fluid obtained from most patients on day 1 after treatment, while blood natural killer lymphocyte cytotoxicity values showed considerable variability. Pharmacokinetic studies show that i.p. levels of rIFN-alpha 2 were 30-1000 times blood levels. rIFN-alpha 2 i.p. may act by increasing concentrations of drug and augmenting regional host cells in patients with minimal residual ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Intraperitoneal recombinant alpha-interferon for "salvage" immunotherapy in stage III epithelial ovarian cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. 402 27

In five patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), human leukocyte interferon (IFN) therapy was tried. IFN was administered intramuscularly, intravenously, and intrathecally. The total dose of administered IFN ranged from 13 X 10(6) to 116.92 X 10(6) IU. There were no severe side effects except for temporary high fever and vomiting. Observation of the clinical course were made for 26-60 months. At the beginning of the treatment, one of the patients was at the first stage of Jabbour's classification and the other four at the second stage. No clinical improvement was observed and the clinical course was progressive in all patients. At present, one of the patients was at the second stage and the other four were at the fourth stage. EEGs showed progressive deterioration, and cranial CT scan demonstrated progressive cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement. Measles antibody titers in the serum and CSF also unchanged. On the other hand, permeability of IFN at blood-brain barrier (BBB) was relatively good.
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PMID:Treatment of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis with human leukocyte interferon. 404 69

Recombinant interferon-gamma was given to patients with tumours by a six-hour intravenous infusion using a portable mini-pump, to assess the side-effects of the drug. At present, 11 patients have been treated; 2 adenocarcinoma of the ovary, 3 squamous carcinoma of the bronchus, 1 adenocarcinoma of the breast, 1 adenocarcinoma of the stomach, 1 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 case of two primaries, adenocarcinoma of the breast and ovary, and 1 adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. Two patients received 1 X 10(6) units/m2/infusion, four received 3 X 10(6) U/m2/inf., three received 6 X 10(6) U/m2/inf. and two received 9 X 10(6) U/m2/inf. Two further dose levels will be used in the future; 27 and 51 X 10(6) U/m2/inf. Three 6-hour infusions a week were given for a four week period. The major side-effects of gamma-interferon were dose-related pyrexia with rigors to which there was no tachyphylaxis, acute and chronic tiredness, nausea with or without vomiting, headache, backache and myalgia. There was also a dose-dependent immediate but mild and transient decrease in the total white cell count. All effects have been transient, and none have been severe. We have also noticed that intravenous infusions by mini-pumps are tolerated far better by the patients than conventional drip systems, and we feel mini-pumps are the ideal way to give intravenous infusions.
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PMID:A phase 1 study of recombinant interferon-gamma given intravenously by portable mini-pump: a preliminary report. 624 30

Thirty-eight patients with advanced measurable non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (20 adenocarcinoma, 13 epidermoid carcinoma, 5 large cell anaplastic carcinoma) were treated with alpha(leukocyte)-interferon. Patients received 3 X 10(6) units intramuscularly 5 days out of 7. Patients were treated for 12 weeks or as modified for disease progression or positive response to therapy. In 37 patients evaluable for response, one partial response was observed (adenocarcinoma). Toxicity included fever and malaise, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea-vomiting, and hepatic toxicity. One additional patient with previous cardiac and pulmonary disease had a cardiorespiratory arrest several hours after his first interferon injection. The relationship between those events is not clear. As administered, alpha-interferon showed no meaningful activity as therapy for non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Alpha(human leukocyte)-interferon as treatment for non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: a phase II trial. 631 98

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical tolerance to multiple IM injections of rDNA-produced human alpha-2 interferon (IFN) (Schering-Plough 30500) in patients with solid tumours. IFN was administered in escalating IM doses in separate groups of patients daily for 14 days and then twice weekly for a further 10 weeks. The dosage levels were 1, 3, 10, and 30 million U/injection. Subjective toxicity could be divided into two types, acute and chronic. The acute reactions took the form of an influenza-like syndrome consisting in chills, rigors, headache, tremor, nausea, vomiting, and myalgia. These symptoms were dose-related but tachyphylaxis developed with continued dosing. The chronic toxicity consisted of malaise, lethargy, fatigue, anorexia, and confusion. These symptoms were not so dose-dependent and tended to become more severe with prolonged treatment. Objective toxicity consisted of myelosuppression and liver dysfunction. Granulocyte counts below 1.0 X 10(9)/l were seen in three patients at the 30-million-U level, with platelet counts less than 100 X 10(9)/l in two of these. Elevation of the liver enzymes were seen in all five patients treated at 30 million U, but returned to normal after 1 week without IFN in all but one patient. A tolerable dose (IM) for phase II/III studies lies between 3 and 10 million U for daily scheduling and between 10 and 30 million U for twice-weekly injections.
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PMID:A phase I toxicity study of human rDNA interferon in patients with solid tumours. 646 93

Thirty-three patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with a recombinant alpha interferon (rIFN-alpha 2). All patients were ambulatory (performance status greater than or equal to 50 Karnofsky scale) and almost all had received previous chemotherapy. Large intravenous dosages of 30 to 50 X 10(6) IU/m2 were given for five consecutive days every two to three weeks to 22 patients and smaller subcutaneous dosage of 2 X 10(6) IU/m2 three times a week to 11 patients. No complete or partial responses were seen. Two patients had stable disease and the remainder progressed. Flu-like syndromes were seen in all patients. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia were frequent. Hypotension and confusion were noted in six and five patients, respectively. Life-threatening leukopenia was noted in two patients receiving intravenous dosage and thrombocytopenia was noted in one; no sepsis or bleeding complications were noted. In this study, a highly purified and biologically active rIFN-alpha 2 was not associated with activity in previously treated women with metastatic breast cancer.
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PMID:A phase II study of recombinant alpha interferon in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. 647 Jul 52

We prospectively studied side effects about 54 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with 3 to 10 MIU a day of interferon (IFN) alpha, which was administrated for 16 to 24 weeks. Every day, all of them wrote down every symptoms, by themselves, during its treatment. Any symptoms occurred in all patients and each incidence of symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, anorexia, arthalgia, myalgia, chill, itching, insomnia, nausea, numbness of hand and foot, irritability, diarrhea, eye ball pain, vomiting, were all higher than those which have been reported by some papers in Japan. So, it was considered that the symptom self-wrighting method by patient was useful to evaluate the entity of side effects. Furthermore, we studied 26 patients, who discontinued IFN treatment because of side effects and analyzed the background factors. Each incidence of symptoms of these patients were not always compatible to those incidences. But by observation of those symptoms, we could know severe side effects earlier.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of patients with chronic hepatitis C who discontinued interferon treatment because of side effects--our experiences and recent reports]. 752 35


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