Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the safety and efficacy of the docetaxel/cisplatin combination in patients with advanced, previously untreated NSCLC and evaluated changes in quality of life over time. Docetaxel was administered before cisplatin (both 75 mg/m2, 1-hour infusions) every 3 weeks to 47 patients with stage IIIB or stage IV NSCLC. Patients also received premedication of oral dexamethasone. The median age (range) of patients was 62 (45-78) years and 26 patients (55.3%) had adenocarcinoma. Of the 40 patients evaluable for response, one achieved a complete response and 14 had partial responses; the response rate was 37.5% (95% confidence intervals; 22.5, 52.5). In the intent-to-treat population the overall response rate was 31.9%. Time to response ranged from 3 to 20 weeks, and the median duration of response was 34.6 weeks. Median survival and median time to progression were 11.3 months and 18.9 weeks, respectively. One-year survival was 40%. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia were observed in 74.4% and 12.8% of patients, respectively. Severe asthenia was seen in 14.9% of patients. Other grade 3 or 4 toxicities included nausea (eight patients), vomiting (five), neurosensory effects (six), neuromotor effects (five), diarrhea (four), and infection (three). There was an improvement in emotional well-being; however, the overall quality of life score did not change with treatment. Docetaxel administered in combination with cisplatin is an active regimen in patients with NSCLC. This regimen of docetaxel (75 mg/m2) and cisplatin (75 mg/m2) repeated at 3-week intervals is being evaluated in an ongoing Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) randomized study in patients with advanced and metastatic NSCLC.
Clin Lung Cancer 1999 Nov
PMID:Docetaxel and cisplatin in patients with advanced non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a multicenter phase II trial. 1473 66

Cannabinoids, the active components of marijuana and their endogenous counterparts were reported as useful analgetic agents to accompany primary cancer treatment by preventing nausea, vomiting, and pain and by stimulating appetite. Moreover, they have been shown to inhibit cell growth and to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Here, we demonstrate that anandamide, Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), HU-210, and Win55,212-2 promote mitogenic kinase signaling in cancer cells. Treatment of the glioblastoma cell line U373-MG and the lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H292 with nanomolar concentrations of THC led to accelerated cell proliferation that was completely dependent on metalloprotease and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity. EGFR signal transactivation was identified as the mechanistic link between cannabinoid receptors and the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 as well as prosurvival protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) signaling. Depending on the cellular context, signal cross-communication was mediated by shedding of proAmphiregulin (proAR) and/or proHeparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (proHB-EGF) by tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17). Taken together, our data show that concentrations of THC comparable with those detected in the serum of patients after THC administration accelerate proliferation of cancer cells instead of apoptosis and thereby contribute to cancer progression in patients.
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PMID:Cannabinoids induce cancer cell proliferation via tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17)-mediated transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. 1502 28

The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Taiwan Chinese translation of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30, version 3) and Quality of Life Questionnaire Lung Cancer-13 (QLQ-LC13) questionnaires. Consecutively 51 patients with lung cancer undergoing active chemotherapy and 48 such patients undergoing regular follow-up completed the questionnaires. The intraclass correlation between test and retest ranged from 0.46 to 0.85 for the QLQ-C30 and was 0.76 for dyspnea for the QLQ-LC13. The kappa coefficients between test and retest ranged from 0.51 to 0.73 for single items of the QLQ-C30 and 0.49-0.68 for five of the nine items in the QLQ-LC13. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were > or = 0.70 for all scales of the two questionnaires apart from that of cognitive functioning. The correlation coefficients between indices measuring similar dimensions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the SF-36 questionnaires ranged from 0.43 to 0.73, and that between the dyspnea scales of the two EORTC questionnaires was 0.70. Patients in the follow-up group revealed higher scores of global status/quality of life, and lower scores of nausea/vomiting, as also physical functioning. The questionnaires could also detect expected adverse effects of radiotherapy, cisplatin, and paclitaxel.
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PMID:Quality of life of lung cancer patients: validation of the Taiwan Chinese version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13. 1505 6

Phase II studies have suggested that vinorelbine (V) plus gemcitabine (G) treatment has a similar response rate and better toxicity profile than cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our aim was to evaluate whether or not the addition of cisplatin (P) to a VG regimen increases the efficacy or toxicities in chemo-naive inoperable NSCLC patients. From April 2002 to October 2003, 86 patients were enrolled. The treatment dose was V 20 mg/m2 plus G 800 mg/m2 intravenous infusion (i.v.) on days 1, 8 and 15, with/without P 60 mg/m2 i.v. on day 15, every 4 weeks. The efficacy and toxicity of the treatment were recorded. In all, 125 cycles of VG and 178 cycles of VGP were given to the patients in the VG and VGP arms, respectively (P = 0.001). The median cycle of treatment was three in the VG arm and five in the VGP arm. There were 10 partial responses (overall 23.3%) in the VG arm and 1 complete response and 19 partial responses (overall 46.5%) in the VGP arm (P = 0.022). Neutropenia, nausea, vomiting, and peripheral neuropathy were more common in the VGP arm (P = 0.023, 0.002, 0.025, 0.001, respectively). The Lung Cancer Symptom Scale showed no difference between the VG and VGP arms after two cycles of treatment or when the patient went off study. We concluded that the addition of P to VG treatment did increase both the tumor response rate and the toxicities. However, the toxicities were tolerable.
Lung Cancer 2005 Mar
PMID:A randomized phase II study of vinorelbine plus gemcitabine with/without cisplatin against inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer previously untreated. 1571 21

This phase I/II study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirapazamine in combination with cisplatin and vinorelbine for patients with advanced-stage IIIB/IV chemonaive non-small-cell lung cancer. Seventy patients with a Karnofsky performance status of > or = 60% were included. In the phase I part of the study, 21 patients were treated on day 1 with tirapazamine (escalating doses of 260, 330, or 390 mg/m(2)), cisplatin (75 or 100 mg/m(2)), and vinorelbine (25 or 30 mg/m(2)) for a maximum of 6 cycles every 4 weeks. Vinorelbine was repeated every week. In the phase II part of the study, 49 patients were treated on day 1 with tirapazamine 390 mg/m(2), cisplatin 100 mg/m(2), and vinorelbine 30 mg/m(2). The maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Muscle cramps, vomiting, nausea, tinnitus, neutropenia, and diarrhea were the most frequently reported adverse events in the phase I part of the study. Most of these events were grade 1 or 2. In the phase II part of the study, response rate was 47%, and median survival was 50 weeks. The most frequently reported adverse event was neutropenia. Asthenia, fever, anemia, vomiting, weight decrease, nausea, and muscle cramps were also noted. For patients treated at the maximum dose, dose reductions occurred 14% of tirapazamine cycles and in 4% of cisplatin cycles. The median number of cycles was 3. This regimen has a manageable toxicity profile. Response rate and median survival suggest that this combination might be more active than the cisplatin/vinorelbine combination. This triplet is currently being evaluated in a phase III study.
Clin Lung Cancer 2005 Mar
PMID:Tirapazamine with cisplatin and vinorelbine in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase I/II study. 1584 80

Exisulind is a sulfone derivative of sulindac that induces apoptosis and demonstrates synergy with docetaxel in lung cancer models. This study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic interactions of exisulind and docetaxel/carboplatin in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fifty-seven patients received 218 cycles of docetaxel (75 mg/m2) and carboplatin (area under the curve, 5.0) in combination with exisulind (125-250 mg orally twice daily). Two complete responses and 9 partial responses were observed among the 47 patients assessable for response (overall response rate, 23%). The median duration of response was 5.9 months and median survival was 9.4 months. The 1- and 2-year survival rates are 35% and 14%, respectively. The hematologic toxicities were consistent with those previously reported with docetaxel/carboplatin. The most common nonhematologic toxicities were mild to moderate fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. The addition of exisulind to the chemotherapy regimen did not interfere with the metabolism or elimination of docetaxel and vice versa, and docetaxel did not interfere with the pharmacokinetic parameters of exisulind. This trial did not allow direct comparison of patients receiving docetaxel/carboplatin with and without exisulind, but when compared with historical data of docetaxel/carboplatin alone, the addition of exisulind does not appear to enhance antitumor activity, duration of response, or survival. Although preclinical data demonstrate increased apoptosis and prolonged survival for the combination of exisulind and docetaxel, multiple clinical trials do not support further clinical development of this combination regimen in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Clin Lung Cancer 2005 May
PMID:A phase I/II study of exisulind in combination with docetaxel/carboplatin in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. 1594 97

Though the high incidence of pancreatic metastasis of lung cancer has been reported in autopsy series, symptomatic cases with jaundice due to that is very rare. Dominant histological type with pancreatic metastases is small cell carcinoma and prognosis is poor. Hereby, we report a case initially presenting with gastroenterologic symptoms as jaundice, nausea, vomiting, weight loss and abdominal pain and then diagnosed as primary small cell carcinoma of the lung with metastasis to pancreas. He underwent a palliative surgery due to obstructive jaundice. This presented case is a rare one with its priority of gastroenterologic symptoms rather than pulmonary complaints.
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PMID:A case of a small cell lung carcinoma presenting with jaundice due to pancreatic metastasis. 1661 26

This study explores if advanced NSCLC patients with ECOG PS 2 and age<or=65 years can benefit from weekly docetaxel+carboplatin, with acceptable toxicities. Fifty-nine eligible patients with Stage IIIB (effusion) or Stage IV NSCLC were registered. Patients received docetaxel 35mg/m(2) and carboplatin AUC=2 on Days 1, 8, and 15 every 28-day cycle (maximum 8 cycles). Endpoints were 1-year survival, tumor response, PFS, and safety. Among the 59 eligible patients, the 1-year survival was 28% and median survival was 6 months (range: 1-24.3). The median duration of response for CR+PR was 5.4 months (range: 2.3-9.7), 1-year progression-free survival was 14% (median of 3.7 months, range<1-22.8). Patients received a median of 3 cycles (range: 1-9); 14 patients (24%) had toxicity-related reductions. Responses were: 1 CR (2%), 5 PR (10%), 22 SD (45%), and 21 PD (43%). Forty-nine patients were evaluable for response; 10 patients were non-evaluable due to: radiotherapy (1), withdrew consent (3), insurance issues (1), and early toxicity (1 each; dyspnea, weakness, and rash), and other illness (2). Fifty-eight patients were evaluable for safety. The primary Grade 3 or 4 toxicities were neutropenia and fatigue (10% each), nausea (9%), dehydration (7%), and vomiting (5%). A 12% response rate (plus 45% SD) confirms the relatively poor outcome of patients with advanced NSCLC who are PS 2. Toxicities of docetaxel+carboplatin are comparable to other regimens and this combination may provide an alternative for this group of patients. Further studies correlating patient characteristics with response are necessary.
Lung Cancer 2006 Jun
PMID:Results of a Phase II study of weekly docetaxel and carboplatin in Stage IIIB (with effusion) or Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer patients age<or=65 and performance status 2. 1662 Nov 29

Chemotherapy for patients with advanced lung carcinoma at an early period of diseases contributes to prolonged survival. However, since survivals are limited to around 1 year, it is critical for patients to stay at home and continue their social activities under chemotherapy. As active agents such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, gemcitabine, vinorelbine and irinotecan were introduced into clinical practice, and new techniques for preventing side effects such as emesis and neutropenia were developed, chemotherapy for outpatients become feasible also in Japan. In addition, the outpatient chemotherapy, preventing oncologic emergency and early starting of palliative care are also very important for patients'quality of life (QOL) at home. This review summarizes the present status of taking care for outpatients with lung cancer.
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PMID:[Lung carcinoma]. 1668 53

The efficacy of salvage regimens for small cell lung cancer remains to be established. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the paclitaxel and ifosfamide (PI) combination chemotherapy salvage regimen in heavily pretreated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Thirty-five patients who had received more than two prior chemotherapy regimens were treated with PI chemotherapy. Paclitaxel (175 mg/m(2)) was administered on day 1 and ifosfamide (2500 mg/m(2)) on day 1-2 every 3 weeks. Thirty-three patients were available for treatment response evaluation. Median age was 63 years (range, 40-78) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance scores of 0/1/2 were 29.4%, 61.8%, and 11.8%, respectively. A median of 2 cycles (range, 1-6) of chemotherapy were administered. The overall response rate (RR) in the intent-to-treat population was 20.0% (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 6.7-33.3%) with 7 partial responses (PR) and no complete response (CR). Patients who responded to previous chemotherapy just before PI showed significantly higher RR than non-responders (RR, 57.1% versus 10.7%, P=.023). After a median follow-up of 8.8 months (range, 1.6-14.7), the median time to progression was 3.3 months (95% CI, 2.3-4.4) and the median overall survival was 7.6 months (95% CI, 6.7-8.5). The most common toxicity observed was mild nausea/vomiting and grade 3/4 adverse events were observed in 4 (11.4%) patients. There were no treatment-related deaths in the study. Our findings suggest that salvage PI chemotherapy is a feasible and well tolerated regimen for previously treated SCLC patients. Further studies are warranted to define the effects of PI chemotherapy on quality of life and survival benefits.
Lung Cancer 2007 Oct
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and ifosfamide as the third-line regimen in patients with heavily pretreated small cell lung cancer. 1762 73


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