Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between October 1988 and June 1990, 22 patients with locally advanced, inoperable breast cancer entered a pilot study of four cycles of anthracycline based cytotoxic chemotherapy followed by surgery and tamoxifen. Fine needle aspirate samples of tumour were obtained for DNA flow cytometry before treatment and during the first cycle of chemotherapy. 21 patients are eligible for assessment of response and toxicity. Chemotherapy was well tolerated with greater than WHO grade 2 vomiting or stomatitis in 4 patients. Granulocytopenia less than 10(9)/l was noted in 16/21 patients but there were no episodes of neutropenic sepsis. There were 7 complete responses (CR) and 11 partial responses (PR), giving an overall response rate to chemotherapy (CR+PR) of 18/21 (86%). Responses were observed more commonly in patients who had aneuploid tumours (P = 0.06) and in patients whose tumours had a high S-phase fraction (P = 0.1). Tumours which responded to chemotherapy (CR or PR) had a significantly higher median SPF compared with tumours which did not regress (P less than 0.05). There was no consistent pattern of change in SPF values during the first cycle of chemotherapy, either for patients who responded to treatment or for those whose tumours did not regress. This combination therapy is well tolerated with a high response rate. The results of this pilot study support the recent suggestion that tumours with rapidly proliferating, aneuploid populations of cells exhibit the best short-term response to chemotherapy.
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PMID:DNA flow cytometry and response to preoperative chemotherapy for primary breast cancer. 159 Oct 92

During the last twenty years pleuropneumonia in pigs, caused by Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae, has spread globally. The increasing importance of the disease within swine production is apparently connected with increasing industrialization and subsequent heavy concentration of a large number of animals in the individual production unit. Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae seems to be specific for pigs. Several more or less pathogenic serotypes of the bacterium are known. Serotype 2 as occurring in Denmark is primary pathogen for pigs which have not previously been in contact with the infection. Immunity of varying strength and duration is left after recovery. Prolonged immunity in an animal is presumably dependent on latent infection or on repeated infections. Normally there is a large number of latently infected animals in attacked herds. Such animals, especially sows and boars, represent a potential infection reservoir which might be the basis of new clinical outbreaks under conditions of reduced herd immunity or of compromised general resistance of animal groups. Clinical disease is most frequently seen in young pigs and fatteners, as piglets are generally protected by maternal antibodies. Acute pleuropneumonia is characterized by high temperature, lost appetite, light cough and often vomiting. Morbidity is high, especially by new-infection where there may also be considerable mortality if adequate antibacterial therapy is neglected, however, normally the disease implies low mortality. The pathological lesions are localized to the respiratory organs. The lungs are the seat of fibrinous necrotising pneumonia (red, grey hepatization), more or less extensive, most frequently of the diaphragmatic part of the lung. Furthermore fibrinous, later on fibrous pleuritis and pericarditis may be seen. The fibrous pleuritis may be of decisive diagnostical value when established with high frequency in baconers. The disease causes losses as a consequence of increased use of medicine and reduced daily weight gain in fatteners. Optimum environment and feeding conditions will reduce such losses considerably. The use of commercially available vaccines makes it possible to fortify specific resistance against the disease in exposed groups of animals. In small herds with few infected animals the infection may be eliminated by discarding seropositive animals, combined with strategic medication. Elimination of the infectious agent in large herds can only take place by replacing all animals by an SPF-herd.
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PMID:[Pleuropneumonia in pigs due to Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae. I. A bibliographical review (author's transl)]. 703 96

Food safety has attracted extensive attention around the world, and food-borne diseases have become one of the major threats to health. Staphylococcus aureus is a major food-borne pathogen worldwide and a frequent contaminant of foodstuffs. Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) produced by some S. aureus strains will lead to staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) outbreaks. The most common symptoms caused by ingestion of SEs within food are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and cramps. Children will suffer SFP by ingesting as little as 100 ng of SEs, and only a few micrograms of SEs are enough to cause SPF in vulnerable populations. Therefore, it is a great challenge and of urgent need to detect and identify SEs rapidly and accurately for governmental and non-governmental agencies, including the military, public health departments, and health care facilities. Herein, an overview of SE detection has been provided through a comprehensive literature survey.
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PMID:A Review of the Methods for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins. 2734 3