Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Volvulus of the sigmoid colon is rare in children. An early, accurate diagnosis can avoid unnecessary surgery and reduce the risk of complications. This condition is mainly due to a redundant sigmoid colon with a narrow mesosigmoid attachment. We describe two cases of sigmoid volvulus, which showed different clinical severities and were treated with different methods. Patient 1, a 9-year-old boy, presented with acute abdominal pain and vomiting. Patient 2, an 11-year-old boy, presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distention, and bloody mucoid stool. Plain abdominal radiographs revealed a distended colonic loop extending upward from the pelvis in patient 1 and a typical "coffee bean" sign in patient 2. Barium enema examination was used to confirm the diagnosis in both cases. The volvulus was reduced by insertion of a rectal tube in patient 1 and surgically in patient 2. Sigmoid colon volvulus should be included in the differential diagnosis of childhood abdominal pain or distention. This report suggests that nonsurgical reduction should be attempted first for uncompromised sigmoid volvulus in children, unless bowel ischemia or perforation develops.
 ...
PMID:Sigmoid volvulus in children: report of two cases. 1139 2

This retrospective descriptive study of Sigmoid colon perforation by ingested Sandorica seed in patients who were admitted to Prachomklao Hospital from 1996 to 2000. Nine cases were included in this study. Most cases were elderly with a mean age of 65 years (range 52-78 years). The main symptoms were abdominal pain with generalized peritonitis and severe tenderness at the suprapubic area, ileus and persistent vomiting. In all cases, the diagnosis was made at operation, with removal of the Sandorica seed, closure of the perforation at the rectosigmoid colon with simple suture and proximal transverse loop colostomy. Post-operative complications included two cases of wound infection.
 ...
PMID:Sigmoid colon perforation by ingested Sandorica seed. 1199 23

Brincidofovir (CMX001) is an oral agent with activity against double-strand DNA viruses undergoing clinical trials in immunocompromised patients. We report a patient clinically diagnosed with brincidofovir-related gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity and his histologic findings. A 2-year-old boy with medulloblastoma undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation developed adenovirus viremia 9 days posttransplant. After initial treatment with intravenous cidofovir he was started on oral brincidofovir as part of a clinical trial. He developed hematochezia, anorexia, and emesis 11 weeks later. Sigmoid colon biopsy showed marked crypt drop out, moderate epithelial apoptosis, and lamina propria edema. The pathologic diagnosis was drug-related injury versus infection. Brincidofovir toxicity was diagnosed clinically and the drug was discontinued. His GI symptoms improved in 2 weeks with supportive care and octreotide. Brincidofovir causes GI toxicity and histologically demonstrates epithelial apoptosis and crypt injury, similar to graft versus host disease and mycophenolate mofetil toxicity.
 ...
PMID:Brincidofovir (CMX001) Toxicity Associated With Epithelial Apoptosis and Crypt Drop Out in a Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Patient: Challenges in Distinguishing Drug Toxicity From GVHD. 2984 80