Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Turcot's syndrome is a rare, genetically transmittable disease in which patients with colonic polyposis (possibly complicated by the progression to adenocarcinoma) have malignant central nervous system neoplasms. Dominant, recessive, and sporadic cases have been described. A 26-year-old man is reported with no relevant family history who had intermittent abdominal discomfort in 1986. Sigmoidoscopy revealed numerous polyps, several of which showed carcinomatous change. Dukes' Stage C colorectal carcinoma was diagnosed. Treatment consisted of total colectomy with construction of a Koch's pouch. He remained well for 3 years until onset of headache, nausea, and vomiting. Computed tomographic scan disclosed a large, circumscribed, enhancing, right frontoparietal mass. After craniotomy and partial resection, histologic review disclosed anaplastic astrocytoma. He received cranial radiation therapy, 6000 cGy, by parallel opposed ports to the tumor bed, and carmustine 200 mg/m2 intravenously every 8 weeks. Flow cytometric DNA analysis was done on the paraffin-embedded archival material from the patient's normal colon, colonic adenocarcinoma, and anaplastic astrocytoma. DNA histograms revealed diploid distributions in all three samples. The G2/M fraction of the astrocytoma was elevated at 16%, and the S-phase fraction of the colonic adenocarcinoma was 19.4%.
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PMID:Turcot's syndrome. Flow cytometric analysis. 165

Previous data have suggested that laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery may shorten the length of hospitalization. These claims have been attributed to a reduction of the length of ileus. The definition of "ileus" is variable and in all cases is subjective. In this study it was defined as the length of time until the patient passed flatus or stool without nausea, vomiting or abdominal distention. This prospective study was undertaken to compare the duration of ileus and of hospitalization after laparoscopic-assisted (LAC) and standard laparotomy (SC). After restorative proctocolectomy with an ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) in both sets of patients. Twenty-two patients underwent LAC and 20 age, sex, and diagnosis-matched controls underwent SC. Mucosal ulcerative colitis (MUC) was the diagnosis in 16 LAC and in 15 SC patients while polyposis was the diagnosis in 6 LAC and in 5 SC patients. The mean time to resolution of postoperative ileus was 4.2 (4-11) days in the LAC group and 3.3 (2-5) days in the SC group. Hospital discharge was similar in each group occurring at a mean of 8.7 (7-13) days after LAC and 8.9 (6-18) days after SC. Neither the length of time for ileus resolution nor the length of hospitalization were reduced in the LAC group. Laparoscopic-assisted IPAA conferred none of the theoretical advantages associated with other laparoscopic procedures.
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PMID:Does laparoscopic-assisted ileal pouch anal anastomosis reduce the length of hospitalization? 781 86

Two male patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), both 18 years old, developed frontal lobe brain abscesses. Both patients presented with histories of intermittent headache over several days and occasional vomiting. Headache was not more evident in the mornings and not associated with visual disturbance in either patient. Neither was hypertensive nor had visual disturbance. Both patients had documented pansinusitis and nasal polyposis. Both men had had few admissions for pulmonary exacerbations, and neither was significantly malnourished. The abscess in neither patient grew Pseudomonas species.
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PMID:Cerebral abscess as a complication of cystic fibrosis. 809 Jun 10

A retrospective chart review on 77 children and adolescents (45 males and 32 females) with colorectal polyps seen over a 15-year period (1980-1994) was undertaken. Their presenting symptoms, demographic data, methods of diagnosis, pathologic diagnosis, and outcome were assessed. The age at presentation varied from 6 months to 19 years (mean age 77 months), 66.2% presenting under 6 years of age. The presenting symptoms were rectal bleeding in 71 patients, mass per rectum in 12, abdominal pain in nine, diarrhea in nine, vomiting in two, and one patient was asymptomatic. Air contrast barium enema was confirmatory in 41/54 patients (76%). Polyps were palpable in 16 patients during the rectal examination. A single polyp was present in 50 patients, whereas two to five polyps were present in 20 patients, and more than five in seven patients. Successful endoscopic removal was accomplished in 71/73 patients (97.3%). In 83.1% of patients polyps were located in the rectosigmoid area and in 32.5% polyps occurred proximal to the sigmoid colon. However, multiple polyps in the same location or at other locations were also present simultaneously. Recurrence was observed in five of 63 patients (7.9%) with juvenile polyps, in one patient with infantile polyposis, and in one with solitary adenomatous polyp. We conclude that a full colonoscopic evaluation should be performed in all patients with suspected polyps if feasible, for multiple polyps occurred in 35% of children without polyposis syndromes in this series. Parents of patients with more than three polyps and/or a family history of juvenile polyposis should be warned regarding the possibility of an increased risk of malignancy in future if polyps continue to recur.
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PMID:Colonic polyps in children: frequently multiple and recurrent. 956 75

A case report of a young patient (born in 1980) with a 2-year history of chronic ulcerative proctocolitis was described. Checking colonoscopy 6 months from the beginning of disease showed multiple and even confluent polypoid lesions in transverse gut starting from hepatic flexure in addition to diffuse inflammatory rectosigmoideal changes. Biopsy found only colic mucosa without any tumorous structures. Five months later the patient's state got worse accompanied instantly by vomiting, weight loss and malabsorption symptoms. A duodenocolic fistula was supposed according to gastroduodenoscopy and biopsy. Because of progressive suffering of the patient colectomy with ileoduodenoanastomosis and ileosigmoidoanastomosis was performed. Polypous lesions were observed from the blind gut up to descendent colon and a transversoduodenal fistula was proved. The removed part of gut was completely changed into a dense network of elongated polypous lesions. In microscopy, bigger polyps showed an inner stromal part often with bands of smooth muscle cells covered by nearly normal gut mucosa. Smaller polyps were formed by hypertrophic gut mucosa only. At the base of polyps, a stagnation of gut contents was found as well as ulcerous defects of various depth. Macroscopy and microscopy of polypoid lesions formed by non-neoplastic gut mucosa were those of so called bizzare ("giant") inflammatory polyposis of the gut. Up to now the patient's clinical picture and local finding in the stump of resected gut have been typical for chronic ulcerous colitis and polypous lesions were not revealed by checking investigations.
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PMID:[A bizarre inflammatory polyposis of the colon in chronic ulcerative proctocolitis]. 962 28

We report two cases of familial juvenile polyposis coli. SMAD4 gene mutation was found in our two patients, leading to the definite diagnosis. Colonic cancer occurred in the first patient. Long-term outcome was favorable after colectomy. In the second patient, prophylactic total colectomy was performed. Rectal bleeding, diarrhea, stomach obstruction and vomiting developed during the follow-up. Proctectomy, distal partial gastrectomy and total gastrectomy were successively performed.
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PMID:[Juvenile polyposis coli. The usefulness of a genetic study and the role of surgical treatment]. 1248 42

A 12-year-old boy visited our hospital with complaints of severe upper abdominal pain and vomiting. Marked tenderness was present in the upper abdomen, and a movable hard tumor the size of a fist was felt there. Because abdominal computed tomography scans revealed invagination, an emergency laparotomy was performed. The small intestine was invaginated over an area measuring 30 cm in length. After the invaginated intestine was restored, a mass was felt in the small intestine, which was resected over an area measuring approximately 10 cm in length. The extracted mass was histopathologically found to be a hamartoma. The patient was diagnosed to have Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) based on the presence of pigmented spots detected on the oral cavity, lips, and toes of both feet. PJS is an autosomal dominant genetic disease associated with melanin pigment spots on the oral mucosa, lips, nasal alae, palm, and soles, as well as hamartomatous polyposis in the alimentary canal. Polyps are often a cause of invagination and ileus in affected patients. Gastrointestinal cancer, uterine cancer, and breast cancer are also seen in patients with PJS. A long-term follow-up is required to prevent invagination and ileus in children and cancer in adults.
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PMID:Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with intestinal intussusception: a case report. 1257 11

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hamartomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract, melanin pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes, and an increased risk for cancer. The incidence of surgical complications in these patients is relatively rare, and correlates with the size and location of the polyps. Herein we report the case of a 27-year-old woman presented with episodes of abdominal pain, abdominal distention and intermittent vomiting. Moreover, multiple pigmentation of the mouth was also noted. A preoperative diagnosis of a double jejunal intussusception and jejunal occlusion was based on the findings of small bowel enema and computed tomography. The diagnosis was confirmed at laparotomy.
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PMID:Intussusception of the small bowel due to Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: a case report. 1528 92

A 14-year-old boy presented with acute abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea. Colo-colic intussusception was diagnosed by means of a colonic contrast X-ray. The intussusception was successfully reduced during this procedure. Hundreds of polyps were seen throughout the entire colon. Genetic research showed a mutation of the MutYH gene. Proctocolectomy with ileoanal pouch anastomosis was carried out. The pathology specimen showed an intramucosal carcinoma and multiple adenomas. MutYH-associated polyposis coli is an autosomal recessive disease that occurs as a result of a mutation in the MutYH gene. This will lead to polyposis coli. An intussusception is a rarely seen symptom. Patients need preventive surgical treatment because of the high risk developing a colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:[A colo-colic invagination on the basis of MutYH-associated polyposis in a boy aged 14]. 1824 Jul 62

A 29 year female presented with epigastric pain with bilious vomiting since 1 1/2 years. This patient was diagnosed as a case of Peutz-Jegher's syndrome based on evidence of the characteristic mucocutaneous pigmentation which was present since birth and intestinal hamartomatous polyposis. There was an associated unilateral ovarian cystadenoma which is a rare association and which highlights the importance of a gynaecologic examination in female patients with Peutz-Jegher's syndrome.
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PMID:Peutz-Jegher's syndrome with ovarian serous cystadenoma: an unusual association. 1830 47


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