Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Advanced testicular tumors in 34 patients were treated by combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine, cis platinum and actinomycin D. The therapy was divided into 3 phases: 1) induction, 2) consolidation and 3) maintenance. Induction lasted 4 weeks and consisted of 420 mg. bleomycin, 0.2 mg./kg. vinblastine, 4 mg./kg. cis platinum, and 20 mg. prednisone daily. Consolidation lasted 6 weeks and consisted of 5 mg. actinomycin D, 6 mg. vincristine and 6 mg./kg. cis platinum. Maintenance therapy was achieved with 2.5 mg. actinomycin D every 6 weeks and 1 mg./kg. cis platinum every 3 weeks. A tumor reductive operation was done before induction of chemotherapy in 13 patients and after induction of chemotherapy in 12 patients. Nine patients were treated with chemotherapy alone. Three patients with brain metastases received concomitant radiotherapy to the brain (3,000 rads). A previous operation and chemotherapy had failed in 11 patients and previous radiotherapy had failed in 1 patient. All patients treated had at least 1 objective response (34 of 34 or 100 per cent). Partial clinical remission was achieved in 7 of 34 patients (21 per cent). A complete clinical remission was observed in 27 of 34 patients (79 per cent) and of this group 6 had a relapse. At present, 22 of 34 patients are free of disease from 4 to 24 months, with an average of 13 months (65 per cent). The toxicity consisted of nausea, vomiting, mucositis, alopecia, mild leukopenia and tinnitus. This approach seems to be effective in producing long clinical remissions in the majority of patients with advanced disease.
 ...
PMID:Multimodal treatment of advanced testicular tumor with radical reductive surgery and multisequential chemotherapy with cis platinum, bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine and actinomycin D. 7 91

We report the cases of 37 patients with carcinoma of the lung revealed by brain metastases. The most frequent clinical manifestation was focal neurological symptoms associated with headache and vomiting in 50% of the cases. X-ray films of the chest were abnormal in 34 patients. At the time of diagnosis 11 patients also presented with extra-cerebral metastases. The histological type of the primary lung tumor was obtained by examination of the thorax in 32 cases and in 5 cases from brain or lymph node metastases: 11 patients had small-cell lung carcinoma and 26 had non small-cell lung carcinoma. The overall actuarial median survival was 4.5 months, irrespective of the histological type. The group of 20 patients who underwent neurosurgery had a longer median survival (10 months versus 4.5, p < 0.05), and in the subgroup where brain and lung resections were combined the median survival was even longer (13 months). Cerebral relapses occurred in 12 patients: in 7 out of 15 patients with brain surgery but without adjuvant brain radiotherapy, and in 5 out of 16 patients with brain radiotherapy without neurosurgery. No cerebral relapse was observed in the group of 5 patients who had complete resection followed by radiotherapy of the brain. This demonstrated a clear benefit from postoperative radiotherapy. Conventional chemotherapy induced objective responses only in the small-cell carcinoma group and could be too toxic when combined with simultaneous radiotherapy, but it proved a useful adjuvant treatment in patients with radiotherapy of the brain.
 ...
PMID:[Cerebral metastasis disclosing primary bronchogenic cancers]. 133 93

The effectiveness of total body irradiation (TBI) plus local radiotherapy in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer was studied in 13 patients, using 4,000 cGy in 15 fractions over three weeks to the local site and 150 cGy in ten fractions over two weeks to the whole body. The mean survival for 12 patients was 31 weeks, with a median survival of 32 weeks. One patient received six courses of combination chemotherapy for recurrent disease four months after TBI without marrow depression and survived 72 weeks, the longest survivor in this series. Brain metastases occurred in only one patient, the most common site of metastases being the liver. All patients tolerated TBI well without nausea, vomiting or hair loss. When bone marrow suppression occurred it was asymptomatic, requiring no treatment and resolving within eight weeks.
 ...
PMID:Total body irradiation as an alternative to systemic chemotherapy in small-cell anaplastic lung cancer. 196 11

Fifty-four patients with inoperable cancers were treated with a combination of cisplatin and radiotherapy from May 1984 to February 1989. Cisplatin was administered at a dose of 40 mg/week, for a total dose of 160-320 mg, during radiation therapy. In 4 cases with brain metastases, the cisplatin dose was 40 mg/m2. Cisplatin concentration in blood was measured using the flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. Radiation therapy was delivered by a 6 MV X-ray or a cobalt-60 unit up to a total dose of 50-70 Gy. Among the 54 patients, 89% (48) responded to the treatment regimen; complete responses (CR) and partial responses (PR) were 56% and 33%, respectively. Six patients were stable in their disease. Among the 30 patients who had CR's, the 1-year survival rate was 88% (21/24). Two patients (7%) had local relapse. However, among PRs, the 1-year survival rate was 33% (4/12) and local failure (61%) (11/18). Objective tumor response was observed in 4 cases with brain metastasis, 2 of the 4 patients were alive for more than 6 months. Toxic effects were moderate and consisted of emesis and myelosuppression. Grade III bone marrow suppression amounted to 11%, and the interval of recovery was relatively long compared with that reported in the literature. Further prospective controlled studies are recommended.
 ...
PMID:Cisplatin as a radiosensitizer in clinical practice: a pilot study. 201 93

Prognostic factors for survival were analyzed retrospectively in 214 patients with brain metastases of the solid tumour type. The most frequent neurological signs and symptoms at diagnosis of cerebral involvement were headache-nausea-vomiting and focal weakness. Similar numbers of patients were found to have solitary metastasis and multiple lesions. Non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and renal cell cancer comprised the majority of the primaries. Most patients received high-dose corticosteroids, while in a third, anticonvulsant agents were administered. Of 157 patients treated with radiation alone, or surgery with or without radiation, 110 experienced alleviation of symptoms or stabilisation of the disease. In 38 patients with a solitary lesion, craniotomy was carried out, either with or without postoperative radiation; the latter group showed the longest survival with a median of 37 wk. The remaining group of 73 patients with one brain metastasis had a median survival of only 15 wk. The 69 patients with multiple lesions who had been irradiated had a median survival of 15 wk, while that for 34 untreated patients was 7 wk. A short median survival of 11 and 13 wk, respectively, was observed in patients with concurrent progressive extracerebral disease and in those with progressive neurological symptoms regardless of treatment. It is concluded that in patients with a solitary brain metastasis without progressive extracerebral disease surgery should be considered the treatment of first choice aiming at a long-term survival with a good quality of life.
 ...
PMID:Palliative care for brain metastases of solid tumour types. 246 70

Patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer were given induction chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, cisplatin, and etoposide (COPE) every 3 weeks for four cycles. Responding patients then received chest and elective whole-brain irradiation. Patients presenting with brain metastases received therapeutic brain irradiation during the first cycle of chemotherapy. No maintenance therapy was given, but two late intensification cycles of COPE were given at weeks 24 and 48. Among the 34 evaluable patients, the response rate to induction chemotherapy was 59%, with 10% achieving a complete response (CR) and 49%, a partial response (PR). Of the 18 patients who completed chest irradiation, 3 achieved a CR, producing an overall CR rate of 18%. Five patients completed the projected course of treatment. The median duration of response for all patients was 8 months (range, 2-30+ months) and the median survival was 9 months (range, 1-30+ months). Complete responders had a median response duration of 9 months and a median survival of 11 months. This regimen produced significant myelosuppression, with 5 neutropenic deaths (13%) occurring in the 38 patients evaluable for toxicity; an additional 16% required hospitalization for fever while neutropenic. Only six patients (13%) had nadir platelet counts of less than 50,000/mm3 with no episodes of thrombocytopenic hemorrhage. Nausea, vomiting, and neurotoxicity were mild to moderate in all patients. One patient with no evidence of disease died of radiation pneumonitis at 6 months. While producing significant toxicity, this regimen did not result in a CR rate or survival advantage that would suggest its superiority over standard regimens for small-cell lung cancer.
 ...
PMID:Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, cisplatin, VP-16 and radiation therapy in extensive small-cell lung cancer. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. 254 13

Eight patients were treated with leukocyte interferon for a variety of neurological malignancies that had failed or recurred after conventional therapy. Three patients with malignant astrocytoma received intratumoral interferon in dosages up to 9 million units 3X/week, with total dosages of up to 160 million units. Interferon was administered intraventricularly in 4 patients with leptomeningeal metastases and one patient with multiple brain metastases. Dosages increased from 1 to 10 million units 3X/week, and total dosages of up to 113 million units were given intraventricularly. Acute side effects of fever, nausea, vomiting, and headache occurred almost exclusively with intraventricular injections, and these subsided after the initial injection. Fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, and hematologic toxicity developed a few weeks after onset of treatment, independent of the dose given. A modest tumor regression was seen on CT scans of one patient with a malignant astrocytoma, who was treated with interferon for 8 months. In all 4 patients with leptomeningeal metastases, the CSF became free of malignant cells for 6 to 10 weeks, while clinical improvement was less dramatic.
 ...
PMID:Phase I clinical trial of intralesional or intraventricular leukocyte interferon for intracranial malignancies. 298 29

The pseudotumor cerebri, a neurological syndrome clinically characterized by headaches, vomiting and bilateral papilledema, occurred in two patients, previously subjected to total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, after initiation of levothyroxine replacement therapy. In patients with thyroid cancer, subjected to thyroidectomy and then thyroid hormone replacement therapy, the possible development of pseudotumor cerebri syndrome should be considered and differentiated from CNS symptoms due to brain metastases.
 ...
PMID:Pseudotumor cerebri and thyroid-replacement therapy in patients affected by differentiated thyroid carcinoma. 406 7

Clinical investigations and computed brain scanning were done in 305 patients with primary extracerebral malignant tumours. One third of the patients had cerebral metastases. In most patients with brain metastases extracerebral secondary tumours were known already. Silent brain metastases were present in only 0.6% of all investigated tumour patients. All other patients had either objective neurologic-psychiatric defects or a least symptoms (headache, vomiting). Use of cranial computed tomography in all tumour patients as a pure screening method is thus not justified. The indication for the investigation is dependent on the clinical symptomatology. However, not only objective neurologic-psychiatric defects must be taken into account, but also occurrence of new symptoms.
 ...
PMID:[Computed tomographic brain scanning in the diagnosis of metastatic neoplasms (author's transl)]. 627 97

While brain metastases from small cell lung cancer are a familiar problem, the incidence of brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer, and their significance as the first tumor manifestation, has been underestimated. At the University Hospital, Basle, over one year, 7 (approximately 7%) of 102 patients with newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer had brain metastases as the first manifestation of systemic cancer. Three of the 7 patients were women with a mean age of 48 years. Initial symptoms were headaches, vertigo and vomiting, which prompted the diagnosis of brain metastases. In only 3 patients was the primary lung cancer diagnosed immediately after diagnosis of the brain metastases, while in the remaining 4 a period of up to 6 months elapsed. Bronchogenic cancer is the most frequent primary in patients presenting with brain metastases. Accordingly, in a patient with brain metastases from an unknown primary, bronchogenic cancer should be considered first and diagnostic tests aimed in that direction. This may obviate an extended and expensive diagnostic workup.
 ...
PMID:[Brain metastases as primary manifestation of non-small cell bronchogenic carcinomas]. 651 88


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>