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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Radiographic quality as well as adverse effects of intrathecal metrizamide instillation was prospectively investigated in thirty-three clinical cases admitted to the department of neurosurgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, and Kantoh Teishin Hospital. Metrizamide CT cisternography was performed in fifteen cases using in most cases 10 ml of 170 mg I/ml solution through lumbar route. Eleven cases exhibited "normal" pattern CSF circulation and the remaining four, "delayed" pattern. Eight cases (53%) experienced headache, nausea, and/or vomiting several hours after the instillation. All of these belong to the "normal" pattern group. Four cases of "normal" pattern received electroencephalographic examinations before and after metrizamide instillation. Three revealed appearance of negative spike and slow wave burst or sharp waves one to twenty-four hours after the instillation, along with penetration of metrizamide into brain parenchyma. Diagnostic quality was interpreted as "good" in eleven cases. Small acoustic neurinoma, pituitary adenoma, arachnoid cyst, and subdural hygroma were diagnosed among others. Metrizamide ventriculography was done in four cases. No untoward effect of significance was attributed to metrizamide per se. Cervical myelograpy and/or CT myelography was done in fourteen cases using, in most cases, 10 ml of metrizamide 170 mgI/ml. Polytome tomography with metrizamide instillation through lateral cervical puncture was highly diagnostic, whereas, ordinary X-ray with lumbar instillation yielded less satisfactory results. CT myelography in cases of subarachnoid block required good consideration on instillation site and positioning of the patient. Six cases (50%) among twelve cases where metrizamide had run into the cranial cavity experienced headache, nausea, and/or vomiting to a lesser degree than those of cisterno graphy. Metrizamide is the first contrast agent ever made which can be safely introduced into human subarachnoid space, if administered judiciously, nervous. However, metrizamide is weakly toxic to central system and provokes minor untoward effects as well as electroencephalographic abnormalities and, sometimes, clinical convulsive seizure. It would be wiser to restrict the dosage of metrizamide in cisternographic study, expecially in cases of "normal" pattern CSF circulation, to 1.2 gI or 7 ml of 170 mg I/ml solution. Routine use of X-ray cisternography should thus be discouraged because it needs higher concentration of metrizamide in the intracranial cisterns.
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PMID:[Usefulness and adverse effects of intrathecal metrizamide instillation (author's transl)]. 31 37

A 49-year-old male was hospitalized with a 1-month history of persistent headache and vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) revealed left middle fossa arachnoid cysts and a chronic subdural hygroma. The cysts were excised after evacuation of the subdural hygroma. Postoperatively, the patient did not regain consciousness and CT showed multiple intracerebral hemorrhages in both the supra- and infratentorial spaces. Three months postoperatively, he was discharged with mental deficits and right hemiparesis. A review of the literature indicates that the possible pathogenic mechanism in this case was a sudden increase in cerebral blood flow due to faulty autoregulation. This devastating complication may have been avoided by simple drainage of the subdural hygroma, perhaps with the addition of cyst-peritoneal shunting.
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PMID:[Multiple intracerebral hemorrhages immediately after surgical excision of middle fossa arachnoid cysts and evacuation of chronic subdural hygroma. Case report]. 247 5

In the analysed material of 55 cases of subdural hygroma in children the authors found that the hygroma was most frequently a complication of inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system and diarrhoea. The analysis showed that recurrent vomiting, febrile states, failure to thrive should be an indication to diagnostic investigations for subdural hygroma. The simplest and most useful method is transillumination of the skull which was positive in 84% of cases.
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PMID:[Subdural hygroma in children]. 281 50

Nineteen patients with traumatic subdural hygroma (TSH) who were admitted between 1988 and 1992, were reviewed. Diagnosis of TSH was made by serial computerized tomography (CT) after initial head injury, and patients were followed for up to 19 months after head injury. The patients ranged in age from 53 to 91 years (mean 75.6 yrs). Fifteen patients were treated conservatively, and 4 patients underwent surgery. Patients had disturbance of consciousness (transient in 5 cases, persisting in 3 cases), headache (10 cases), vomiting (6 cases), and vertigo (2 cases). TSH began to develop within 24 hs in 10 patients after initial head injury, and in 13 (68%) of 19 patients, TSH was demonstrated within 72 hs after the initial head injury. Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) developed in 5 (26%) of 19 patients and 2 patients underwent surgery. In 15 patients, who were treated conservatively, TSH disappeared in 10 patients, and decreased in 4 patients, but remained unchanged in 1 patient. Clinically, 11 patients improved. Three patients remained unchanged. One patient, who had cerebral contusion, died of pneumonia. In 4 patients, who underwent surgery, including 2 patients with CSH, TSH disappeared in all patients. Two patients improved, and 1 patient was unchanged. Another patient, who had cerebral contusion and normal pressure hydrocephalus, died. In general, clinical outcome was satisfactory, except for the patients who had accompanying parenchymal lesions before or after head injury. Surgical treatment was limited to the patients who had rapidly enlarging TSH and neurological deterioration.
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PMID:Clinical analysis of nineteen patients with traumatic subdural hygromas. 796 42

Intralesional bleomycin injection was used as sclerosant therapy for sixteen patients with cystic hygroma. An excellent (complete clinical resolution) response was obtained in seven (44%) patients, a good (> 50% response) result in seven (44%), and a poor or no response in two (12%). Minor transient side effects (fever, vomiting, cellulitis, skin discoloration) were seen in six patients, and there were no serious side effects. The results suggest that bleomycin intralesional sclerosant is effective therapy for cystic hygroma, with response rates comparable to those of surgical removal, but with the advantage of avoiding inadvertent nerve damage and scarring.
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PMID:Bleomycin therapy for cystic hygroma. 852 25

The capability to identify major fetal malformations in the middle trimester of pregnancy has increased the number of requests for late pregnancy termination. This retrospective study compared the use of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) suppositories in 38 pregnancies undergoing induction of labor before 23 weeks of gestation after confirmation of 1 or more major fetal malformations and a control group of 27 pregnancies undergoing induction because of fetal death. Both groups were identified through a perinatal database of all pregnancies delivered at an Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, hospital in a 30-month period during 1992-94. The most frequent fetal malformations were cystic hygroma, spina bifida, hydrocephalus, and anencephaly. The median number of 20 mg PGE2 doses required was greater in the fetal malformation group (4, range 1-10) than the fetal death group (3, range 1-6). The total dosage was also greater for the malformation group (77.5 +or- 38.5 mg) than for the fetal death group (61.8 +or- 37.8 mg). Mean time until delivery was 2 hours less in the fetal death group, but the percentage of women delivering within 24 hours was similar in both groups (81.6% in the fetal malformation group and 85.2% in the fetal death group). All malformed fetuses were delivered stillborn. The frequencies of maternal side effects such as fever, vomiting, and diarrhea were somewhat greater in the fetal malformation group, presumably because of the higher dosage of PGE2. Although women undergoing second-trimester PGE2-induced labor for fetal malformations should be counseled that labor may last longer and a higher drug dosage may be required than in pregnancies complicated by fetal death, the method seems to be highly effective in both situations.
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PMID:Midtrimester pregnancy termination for fetal malformations. Use of intravaginal prostaglandin E2. 928 11

A 6-year-old female was sent to our ER due to nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension for 2 days. This child had a history of constipation and failed intermittent medical treatment for 2 years. Her plain abdominal X-ray showed multiple intestinal loops and under the impression of acute abdomen with mechanical intestinal obstruction, an exploratory laparotomy was performed. A huge mesenteric tumor was discovered to be the cause of the intestinal obstruction; the involved bowel and the mesenteric lymphangioma were resected and primary anastomosis was done. Mesenteric cystic lymphangioma is a rare cause of bowel obstruction; preoperative diagnosis is difficult due to silent clinical course and lack of awareness of the clinical and morphological features of this disease. The case is presented along with a review of literature with the conclusion that a high index of suspicion is recommended. An abdominal ultrasonography may be recommended to evaluate a long-term constipated child to ascertain that any cystic lesion will not be missed.
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PMID:Mesenteric lymphangioma causing bowel obstruction: report of one case. 1189 Feb 27

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) tends to occur in elderly patients with a history of mild head injury at a few months prior to the onset of symptoms. Intracranial arachnoid cyst is believed to be congenital and sometimes becomes symptomatic in pediatric patients. These two distinct clinical entities sporadically occur in the same young patient. Twelve of 541 cases of CSDH surgically treated in our institution had associated arachnoid cyst. The clinical and radiological characteristics of the cases of CSDH associated with arachnoid cyst were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those of CSDH without arachnoid cyst. Arachnoid cysts were located in the middle fossa (eight cases), convexity (two cases), and posterior fossa (two cases). Three cysts were less than 20 mm in diameter. The 12 patients with CSDH and arachnoid cyst (mean age 27.8 +/- 19.7 years) were significantly younger (p < 0.001) than the patients with CSDH without arachnoid cyst (69.5 +/- 13.7 years). Five of the 12 patients were pediatric cases (< 15 years old). The clinical symptoms were also significantly different. The most frequent symptom was headache followed by vomiting in the patients with arachnoid cyst, while gait disturbance and hemiparesis predominated in patients without arachnoid cyst. Hematoma evacuation through burr holes improved the symptoms in all patients with arachnoid cyst. We conclude that even a small arachnoid cyst can be a risk factor for CSDH after mild head injury in young patients and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure are common. Hematoma evacuation is adequate at first operation. If the preoperative symptoms persist, additional arachnoid cyst surgery should be considered. The present results also suggest that CSDH formation may be preceded by subdural hygroma caused by the rupture of arachnoid cyst.
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PMID:Arachnoid cyst is a risk factor for chronic subdural hematoma in juveniles: twelve cases of chronic subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cyst. 1248 15

We describe a case report of a 6-year-old boy with a 4-year history of recurrent vomiting with a cyclical vomiting pattern. Although initially labelled with and treated for Cyclical Vomiting Syndrome the cause was subsequently found to be an enteric duplication associated with cystic lymphangioma, an association not previously described.
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PMID:Cystic lymphangioma associated with enteric duplication as a cause of recurrent vomiting. 1597 42

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a syndrome that was largely unknown until the advent of MRI. The incidence of SIH is estimated at 5 per 100,000, which is half the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The major feature is a postural headache of acute or subacute onset. This headache is absent or minimal when the patient is lying down and rapidly worsens to great intensity when the patient sits or stands. Other features may include nausea, vomiting, vertigo, tinnitus, and marked exacerbation by Valsalva maneuver. SIH is due to a leak of cerebrospinal fluid from a tear in the dural membrane, which occurs most often at the exit zones where the cervical spinal roots leave the subarachnoid space. Other leak sites may be the vestibular system, the cribriform plate, or the pituitary fossa. If the leak continues, the brain loses buoyancy within the cranial space and sags toward the foramen magnum. This, in turn, may produce subdural hygroma or hematoma, brainstem compression, focal cranial nerve palsies, or cerebellar tonsillar herniation. The initial therapy is generally strict bed rest. If this fails, an epidural blood patch is usually successful in sealing the leak and restoring brain buoyancy. A significant minority of patients require a repeat epidural blood patch. If the blood patch fails, a surgical approach may be needed. Repair of the leak and restoration of brain buoyancy will stop the postural headache and, in most cases, will reverse the complications.
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PMID:Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: the syndrome and its complications. 1832 94


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