Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For 4 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who had severe abdominal pain and vomiting, intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy, via the superior mesenteric artery was performed. After the treatment, all patients were free of their symptoms and began to eat again. Severe complications such as superior mesenteric arterial thrombosis did not occur. It is concluded that our treatment is clinically useful because the quality of life of these patients at the end stage was improved.
 ...
PMID:[Superior mesenteric arterial infusion chemotherapy against intestinal obstruction caused by peritoneal carcinomatosis]. 187 44

A new dosage form of cisplatinum (CDDP), lactic acid oligomer microspheres incorporating cisplatinum (CDDP-ms), is designed to slowly release 70% of contained CDDP. CDDP-ms's acute toxicity is as low as 57% of the toxicity of CDDP aqueous solution, and its therapeutic efficacy is statistically significantly strong as compared with that of CDDP aqueous solution, when examined with experimental peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by mouse M5076 ovarian sarcoma. Clinical trials were carried out in 10 patients with malignant ascites (gastric cancer 6, pseudomyxoma peritonei 2, colon cancer 1, pancreas cancer 1) and in one patient with pleural effusion (lung cancer). CDDP-ms at 100 mg/person in terms of CDDP was injected at bolus into the affected cavity. In the 10 patients with ascites, 7 responded completely, two partially and one did not respond. The patient with pleural effusion responded partially. The response rate was 91%. Five of the 11 patients complained of temporary nausea or vomiting. In 5 patients fever higher than 38 degrees C was seen. No other side effect such as kidney, nor liver-damage or blood cell count abnormality was noted.
 ...
PMID:[Intracavitary microspheres incorporating cisplatinum in the treatment of malignant effusions--clinical trials]. 238 51

Obstruction of the small intestine caused by peritoneal carcinomatosis is properly palliated by resection, bypass, and stoma formation. If none of these procedures is applicable, palliation may be achieved by the permanent placement of a long intraluminal decompressive (Baker) tube. Twelve patients have been treated in this manner, nine of them living long enough to exhibit the capacity to eat and drink without repetitive vomiting. The Baker tube was passed across the abdominal wall, inserted into the proximal jejunum, and then passed as far as practical down to the surgically nontreatable obstruction. Venting of the small intestine distally allows continuing decompression, which thereby permits mucosal functions proximally. This technique allows the surgeon to do something beneficial for these unfortunate patients when the established maneuvers of bypass, resection, or stoma formation are pointless.
 ...
PMID:A strategy for intestinal obstruction of peritoneal carcinomatosis. 242 49

A 36-year-old housewife in the U.S.A. was diagnosed as having gastric cancer with meningeal carcinomatosis and admitted to our hospital in September, 1982. She had severe headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia and neck stiffness. She was treated by intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone, and by systemic chemotherapy using adriamycin and ftorafur, resulting in complete disappearance of cancer cells from the cerebrospinal fluid and partial response for the primary tumor. She lived for more than 1 year following the first symptoms of her disease and for 10 months following the initiation of chemotherapy. This case suggested the usefulness of employing an intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside with simultaneous systemic chemotherapy for meningeal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Case report of meningeal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer successfully treated with intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy]. 391 54

The patient was a 61-year-old man who initially complained of skin pigmentation. He was diagnosed as malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with gastric cancer (IIc advanced) in March 1981. Surgical excision of the stomach was performed in May 1981. In July 1981 he experienced headache, vomiting and muscle weakness. A diagnosis of meningeal carcinomatosis was made based on his clinical symptoms, spinal fluid examination and a computerized tomography scan. The intraventricular administration of cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate and hydrocortisone via the Ommaya reservoir resulted in complete remission. In November 1981 the patient died of bronchopneumonia and sepsis due to pancytopenia.
 ...
PMID:[Case of gastric cancer associated with acanthosis nigricans and meningeal carcinomatosis]. 688 26

A phase I study of a new fluorinated pyrimidine, 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU), was performed by a multi-institutional clinical study group using a total of 111 patients with histologically proven malignancies. The characteristic toxic effects were a transient hot sensation and pollakiuria, which occurred 15-120 minutes after oral administration of the drug, continued for 30 minutes to 4 hours, and subsided spontaneously. Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia, which are common with 5-FU administration, also occurred with HCFU but did so less frequently. The maximum tolerated dose for a single oral administration was estimated to be between 12 and 15 mg/kg and the optimal daily dose for continuous administration was considered to be between 9 and 18 mg/kg, with divided daily administration. Fifty-seven patients received 5-19 mg/kg/day of HCFU for > 4 weeks, including 31 patients with > 60 days' treatment. Cumulative doses were from 9.5 to 166.2 g, with a mean of 26.3 g. Hematopoietic toxicity was slight and hepatic toxicity was questionable. No renal or other cumulative toxicity was observed. In ten of the 57 patients, favorable clinical effects were seen: an active decrease in the size of the solid tumor (three patients), the disappearance of ascites (six), and the improvement of intestinal obstruction due to peritoneal carcinomatosis (one).
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of a new antitumor drug, 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU), administered orally: an HCFU clinical study group report. 744 23

Bowel obstruction is a common and distressing outcome in patients with abdominal or pelvic cancer. Patients may develop bowel obstruction at any time in their clinical history, with a prevalence ranging from 5.5% to 42% in those with ovarian cancer and from 10% to 28.4% in those with colorectal cancer. The causes of the obstruction may be benign postoperative adhesions, a focal malignant or benign deposit, or relapse or diffuse carcinomatosis. The symptoms, which are almost always present, are intestinal colic, continuous abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Although surgery should be the primary treatment for malignant obstruction, it is now recognized that some patients with advanced disease or in generally poor condition are unfit for surgery and require alternative management to relieve distressing symptoms. A number of treatment options are now available for the patient with advanced cancer who develops intestinal obstruction. In this review, the indications for surgery are examined, the use of nasogastric tube and percutaneous gastrostomy evaluated, and the pharmacologic approach described.
 ...
PMID:Management of bowel obstruction in advanced cancer. 752 46

We report on the case of a 63-year-old woman with a gastric stenosis caused by peritoneal carcinomatosis. Vomiting and nausea disappeared after the implantation of a self-expanding metal stent in the 5 cm-long stenosis, and the patient was able to maintain a normal diet. She was discharged from hospital and remained in good condition for 14 weeks. Then, 16 weeks after stent implantation, the patient died of metastatic tumor spread, having remained free of nausea and vomiting. An autopsy showed complete patency of the stent, and no signs of ulceration or tumor ingrowth. The success of the treatment in this patient suggests the importance of further investigations.
 ...
PMID:Relief of malignant external gastric obstruction by endoscopic implantation of a self-expanding metal stent. 754 47

Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) is an uncommon from of metastasis of solid tumors. We reported a clinical case of a woman with esophagus adenocarcinoma that a few months after surgical operation, presented episodes of vomiting, nausea, hypertension, mental change, unconsiousness; A contrast-enhanced CT of the brain revealed an "area of enhancement in the caudate nucleus" and cerebrospinal fluid cytologic studies evidenced the presence of carcinomatous cells. The clinical state of the patient deteriorated and she died a few days later. Autopsy confirmed meningeal carcinomatosis without parenchymal involvement.
 ...
PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis in patient with esophagus adenocarcinoma. 910 27

The binding of camptothecin (CPT) to the DNA-topoisomerase complex is reversible, but it needs to be maintained for maximal inhibitory activity. It is also dependent on the chemical structure of CPT. The lactone form is thought to be necessary for the activity. In human serum, the equilibrium between lactone and carboxylate is in favor of the latter. For these reasons, alternative administration of CPT analogues is being evaluated. The ideal compound would remain in lactone form and would expose the host for long periods of time to its effects. Oral administration of irinotecan (CPT-11) and topotecan (TPT) is discussed by other investigators. We studied oral rubitecan and reported a low lactone to total drug area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUCP) ratio (14.7%), with low plasma concentration over time despite repeated administrations and the presence of an enterohepatic cycle. Aerosolization of a liposomal formulation of rubitecan is currently under study. Six patients have been treated once a day for 5 days every 3 weeks. The dose was 6.7 micrograms/kg/day. Plasma levels are dose for dose higher than those after oral administration, but the ratio of lactone versus total drug is low. No toxicity was observed. The study will continue with increasing doses and lengths of administration. Intrathecal administration of topotecan has been studied in a phase I trial in children. Doses of 0.4 mg are tolerated without toxicity, and clinical responses have been seen in patients with refractory meningial carcinomatosis. Phase II studies are planned. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of topotecan has been studied in a phase I trial as a 24-hour infusion in 5% dextrose at pH 3.5 every 21 days. Dose-limiting toxicity is 4 mg/m2. Toxic effects are neutropenia, anemia, emesis, fever, and pain. Five of 10 patients with ascites had symptomatic relief. Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrates a second-order kinetics with elimination half-lives of 0.49 and 2.7 hours. The peritoneal to plasma AUC ratio was 31.2. Intramuscular, transdermal, and subcutaneous administrations have been extensively studied in the mouse.
 ...
PMID:Alternative administration of camptothecin analogues. 1119 99


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>