Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of short-term (10 days) Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) administration on side reactions of combination chemotherapy with ADR, VDS and CDDP for primary lung cancer was studied by comparisons of MPA administration group (20 cases) with non administration group (30 cases). 1) Frequency of vomiting, duration of nausea and body weight loss were significantly improved in MPA administration Group (p less than 0.01). 2) Leukocyte and neutrophil counts in MPA administration group especially 7-10 days after of chemotherapy were maintained higher than these of non administration group (p less than 0.05). 3) Major side effects including thromboembolism in MPA administration group had not been observed. These results indicated that short-term MPA administration was relatively safe and effective in combination chemotherapy including CDDP.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of short-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate on side reactions of combination chemotherapy with ADR, VDS and CDDP in primary lung cancer]. 182 10

An efficiency of the acute myeloblastic leukemia therapy has been assessed in 79 patients aged over 60 years. Twenty six patients out of this group have been treated with usual or reduced doses of doxorubicin and cytarabine (ADR-Ara-C) 35--low doses of cytarabine (LD Ara-C), 11-6-mercaptopurine (6 MP), and 7 patients died before chemotherapy. Complete remission in group treated with ADR-Ara-C was achieved in 23% of patients while partial remission in 42%. Median survival in this group was 5.8 months (range from 0.5 to 16 months). Percentage of the complete remissions in the group treated with LD-Ara-C was 6%, and partial remissions 40%. Median survival was 4.7 months (range from 0.5 to 14.2 months). Partial remission in 5 out of 11 patients treated with 6 MP (36%) and no complete remissions were noted. Median survival was 3.9 months. Therapy with ADR-Ara-C produced marked leucopenia and thrombocytopenia in the majority of treated patients. Vomiting, hemorrhagic complications, and bacterial infections have also been noted. These adverse reactions have been less frequent in patients treated with LD-Ara-C, and 6 MP. Ten patients (38%) treated with ADR-Ara-C and 7 patients treated with LD-Ara-C died during remission inducing therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Results of treating acute myeloblastic leukemia in patients over 60 years of age]. 184 11

A prospective randomized study was done to determine the effect of different doxorubicin (Adriamycin [ADR], Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) administration (schedules every week versus every 3 weeks) on the productivity of a cyclophosphamide, ADR, cisplatin (CAP) chemotherapy regimen for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Electrocardiograms, multigated cardiac scans, echocardiograms, and endomyocardial biopsies were done serially for cardiac monitoring. Of 102 patients, 47 ahd inoperable limited disease (LD), 47 had extensive disease (ED), and eight had no evidence of disease. In the last group chemotherapy was given adjuvantly. Fifty-one patients were entered into each treatment arm. The groups were formed according to extent of disease and were comparable in terms of patient characteristics. In these groups, the overall response rates using both schedules in LD patients were similar: in patients without chest irradiation previously, there was a response of 35% with ADR weekly, and 31% with ADR triweekly; in LD patients with chest irradiation previously, the response was 20% with ADR weekly, and 25% with ADR triweekly; and in ED patients, 16% with ADR weekly, and 11% with ADR triweekly. There was no significant difference in survival between the two treatment groups. However, results for all responders suggested a longer duration of response with weekly than with triweekly ADR (complete plus partial response: 35.8 versus 11.4 weeks, P = 0.06; minor response: 34 versus 11.5 weeks, P = 0.003, respectively). Results also suggested that weekly ADR was less cardiotoxic than triweekly ADR: 29% of patients in the former group had no changes or only minor changes in endomyocardial biopsy results, whereas all patients in the latter group had at least grade 0.5 changes at a similar dosage. The median doses of weekly ADR were higher at the same endomyocardial biopsy-defined toxicity levels. No correlation was found between toxic effects defined by endomyocardial biopsy results and those defined by noninvasive monitoring techniques, although the number of patients assessed was small. Weekly ADR produced less granulocytopenia and a lower incidence of fever (6% versus 16%, P less than 0.001) than did triweekly ADR. Alopecia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were significantly less for weekly ADR than triweekly Adr (P less than 0.0005, less than 0.0005, and less than 0.005, respectively). These data suggest that weekly ADR can achieve the same therapeutic results as the standard triweekly regimen with less cardiotoxicity, myelotoxicity, alopecia, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting in patients with NSCLC.
 ...
PMID:Weekly doxorubicin versus doxorubicin every 3 weeks in cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. 255 35

Degradable starch microspheres (DSM) have a mean diameter of 45 micron and temporarily obstruct blood flow at the arteriolar (micro-circulatory) level. A new approach was attempted to improve the anticancer effect on non-resectable liver cancer with simultaneous administration of DSM and MMC (mitomycin C) or ADR (adriamycin) into hepatic artery. Three patients with primary liver cancer were treated with DSM (600-1200 mg) and ADR (20-60 mg), and five with metastatic liver cancer were treated with DSM and MMC (10-20 mg). The treatment was repeated two to ten times. Partial or minor responses were observed in 1 out of 3 cases of primary liver cancer and 3 out of 5 metastatic cases. Side effects of DSM were temporary and mild epigastric or chest pain, vomiting, fever, slight dyspnea, etc. A temporary change in the liver functional data (GOT, GPT) was noted in 3 patients. Selective intra-hepatic arterial chemo-embolization therapy with DSM would appear to be beneficial for the treatment of liver cancers with appropriate indications. Cases in which DSM and anticancer drugs were effected were presented in detail.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatic arterial infusion of degradable starch microspheres (DSM) with adriamycin or mitomycin C in liver cancer]. 313 87

The effects of combination chemotherapy including mitoxantrone (MXN) "M-VEMFH" for advanced breast cancer were studied. The M-VEMFH regimen consisted of MXN 7 mg/m2, VCR 0.7 mg/m2, EX 333 mg/m2, MTX 13.3 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, 5-FU 333 mg/m2 i.v. from day 1 to day 5 and pred. (H) 60 mg/m2 p.o. with tapering off in 2 weeks. In 7 cases heavily pretreated with combination chemotherapy including ADR, CR 2, PR 2, NC 2 and PD 1 were observed (response rate 57.1%). In 5 cases without prior ADR, PR 1, NC 2 and PD 2 were obtained. One case given 586 mg/m2 of prior ADR died of congestive heart failure after administration of 47 mg/m2 of NXN. One case died of sepsis. The other side effects were stomatitis, vulvitis, abnormal gustation, nausea, vomiting and alopecia. M-VEMFH is effective combination chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer resistant to ADR, but care must be exerted due to the accompanying cardiotoxicity and leukopenia.
 ...
PMID:[Effects of combination chemotherapy M-VEMFH including mitoxantrone in advanced breast cancer]. 405 16

Chemotherapy administered during systemic hyperthermia is more tumoricidal than either modality used alone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate plasma drug pharmacokinetics and host toxicity when methotrexate (MTX) or doxorubicin (adriamycin--ADR) was given at 37 or 43 degrees C. Eight dogs were heated to 43 degrees C for 1 hr without chemotherapy; eight dogs received MTX (5 mg/kg) and four dogs received ADR (2 mg/kg) intravenously as a constant infusion at 43 or 37 degrees C. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 1, 2, 24, and 48 hr. Mean plasma MTX levels were not significantly different at 1, 2, and 6 hours in 43 and 37 degrees C dogs, but at 24 and 48 hr mean plasma MTX levels were significantly elevated in heated (43 degrees C) dogs compared with sham-heated (37 degrees C) dogs. Plasma MTX concentration multiplied by time (area under curve) was 131 g . hr/liter in 43 degrees C dogs compared with 73 g . hr/liter in 37 degrees C dogs (P less than 0.001). Vomiting and bloody diarrhea lasted an average of 4 days in heated control dogs (no drugs) 4 days in 37 degrees C dogs, and 5 to 7 days in 43 degrees C MTX dogs. Mean plasma ADR levels were similar in 37 and 43 degrees C dogs at all time intervals. Vomiting and bloody diarrhea lasted at least 7 days in 43 degrees C dogs compared with only 1 day in 37 degrees C dogs treated with ADR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Systemic thermochemotherapy: toxicity and plasma pharmacokinetics of methotrexate and doxorubicin. 649 76

In 1978/1979 the Medicines Commission of the German Medical Profession received 5196 spontaneous reports on adverse drug reaction (ADRs) from physicians, manufacturers, intensive hospital monitoring and pharmacists. The total number of ADRs reported by the physicians was 1867. The symptoms mostly seen were skin reactions, blood dyscrasia, drug dependence, liver damage (including jaundice), nausea, vomiting and hyper-or hypotension. Drug dependence was reported more frequently than was the case in the years before due to a large number of reports dealing with only one anorectic drug. The drugs most frequently associated with ADR reports were analgesics, psychotropic agents, antiarrhythmic agents, agents used against gastrointestinal disorders, sedatives and hypnotics, antibiotics and radioopaque media. The frequency of drugs involved roughly corresponded to the sales figures in 1979 with radioopaque media over-represented and some groups not or under-represented (e.g. vitamins, antitussives and vasoprotective agents). The spontaneous reporting system does not provide absolute figures on the frequency of ADRs. Its main purpose is to draw the attention of the physicians to an increase in the rate of ADRs for a certain drug or to rare but extremely severe incidences.
 ...
PMID:[Spontaneous reports on unwanted drug effects in the years 1978-1979]. 730 35

The usefulness of CAF [cyclophosphamide (CPA)/doxorubicin (ADR)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy for advanced/recurrent breast cancer was studied in a randomised trial at 56 institutions. Patients received CAF therapy [CPA: 100 mg, orally, days 1-14; ADR: 30 mg/m2, intravenously (i.v.), days 1 and 8; 5-FU: 500 mg/m2, i.v., days 1 and 8) in arm I, or CAF + MPA therapy (CAF + MPA 1200 mg, daily) in arm II. The response rate was significantly higher (P = 0.041) in arm II (53.5%, 46/86) than arm I (36.6%, 30/82). The response rate by tumour site was significantly higher for lymph node and bone lesions in arm II. Partial response duration and overall response duration were significantly longer in arm II. Incidences of anorexia and nausea/vomiting were significantly higher in arm I but in arm II, moon face, oedema and vaginal bleeding were significantly higher. Many patients in arm II demonstrated improvement in performance status and weight loss, suggesting a beneficial effect of MPA. The chemoendocrine therapy with CAF + MPA appears to be more beneficial than CAF alone in the treatment of advanced/recurrent breast cancer.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of chemotherapy with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate for advanced or recurrent breast cancer. 794 92

Osteosarcoma is one of the most common juvenile malignant tumors in Korea. Combined modality treatment (pre-operative chemotherapy + limb salvage surgery + adjuvant therapy) improved the patients' overall survival and quality of life. We evaluated the efficacy and feasibility of pre-operative chemotherapy with intra-arterial (IA) cisplatin plus continuous intravenous infusion (CI) of adriamycin. We assessed the rate of limb salvage, recurrence pattern and the survival impact based on the histologic response of pre-operative chemotherapy. Fourty-one patients with histologically-proven high grade osteosarcoma of the extremities were enrolled from January 1990 to June 1995. Pre-operative chemotherapy, cisplatin 120 mg/m2 IA and adriamycin 75 mg/m2/72 h CI was administered every 3 weeks for 3 cycles, followed by limb salvage surgery if possible or by amputation. According to the histologic tumor response, if the tumor necrosis was >90%, the same regimen was administered for 3 cycles as an adjuvant therapy. A salvage regimen (Ifosfamide 7.5 gm/m2/5 d IV + high dose MTX 10 gm/m2 IV+VP-16 360 mg/m2/3 d IV) was administered every 3 weeks for 6 cycles if the tumor necrosis was <90%. Of 41 patients, 37 patients were evaluable for efficacy and toxicities, because 4 patients refused chemotherapy after 1 or 2 cycles. Twenty-one patients were male and 16 were female with median age of 16 years (range 8-41). The tumor locations were: distal femur 20, proximal tibia 8, humerus 6, distal tibia 2 and 1 in proximal femur. All but one patient, who died of neutropenic sepsis, completed the planned pre-operative therapy. Of the 36 patients who received surgery, limb salvage surgery was possible in 30 patients (83.3%) and 27 patients (75%) showed a good response (grade III 10; 27.8%, grade IV 17; 47.2%). With a median follow-up of 23 months, 3-year disease-free survival rate was 54.7% and overall survival rate was 78.3%. Of the 15 patients who recurred, the major metastatic site was the lung. No operation-related mortality was observed. Most patients experienced grade III-IV nausea, vomiting and hematologic toxicities, which were reversible with supportive cares. Pre-operative chemotherapy with IA DDP+CI ADR followed by surgery showed 75% histologic tumor response rate, 83% limb salvage rate and 54.7% 3-year disease-free survival rate with tolerable side effects. To improve the survival rate, the possible role of good salvage chemotherapy with a non-cross resistance regimen in poor responders should be evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Combined pre-operative chemotherapy with intra-arterial cisplatin and continuous intravenous adriamycin for high grade osteosarcoma. 1020 5

This paper reviews the safety data for levofloxacin utilizing reports from clinical and post-marketing surveillance trials. The side effect incidence rates are 1.3% for nausea, 0.1% for anxiety, 0.3% for insomnia, and 0.1% for headache. No levofloxacin-related adverse events were reported at a rate higher than 1.3%, and most were lower. Four clinical trials were reported. Levofloxacin achieved superior clinical and microbiological results compared to ceftriaxone/macrolide combination, and was better tolerated. Results comparing IV azithromycin plus ceftriaxone versus 500 mg levofloxacin in hospitalised CAP demonstrated that levofloxacin performed better, with more adverse events associated with the comparators (levofloxacin 5.3%, comparators 9.3%). High-dose levofloxacin (750 mg) was also evaluated and found to be well tolerated. Surveillance data reported low ADR rates for levofloxacin: nausea 0.8%, rash 0.5%, abdominal pain 0.4%, and diarrhoea, dizziness, and vomiting 0.3%. Worldwide and US surveillance data confirmed that tendon rupture occurred in less than 4 per million prescriptions, taste perversion in less than 3 per million, convulsions in 2 per million, and photosensitivity, hepatitis, hepatic failure, QT prolongation, torsade de pointes or empyema all in less than 1 per million.
 ...
PMID:Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in the US. 1154 87


1 2 Next >>