Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 11-year-old girl was admitted with a 3-year history of decreasing hearing, and headache, occasional vomiting and poor school performance of 8 months duration. Neurologically she showed signs of a cerebellopontine angle mass. This was confirmed by CT scan, which showed an enhancing lesion in the right cerebellopontine angle. The lesion was totally removed, with excellent results. Histologically the tumor appeared to be a choroid plexus papilloma. Choroid plexus papillomas of the cerebellopontine angle are extremely rare in children.
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PMID:Choroid plexus papillomas of the cerebellopontine angle in a child. 380 15

Pediatric supratentorial tumors represent about 50% of all intracranial neoplasms. The most frequent tumors of the cerebral hemispheres are gliomas that arise from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or ependymal cells. The incidence of the different histologic types is difficult to be established as many tumors have a mixed cellularity, thus classification is based on the prevalent oncotype or the most malignant component. Choroid plexus papillomas and ependymomas are the most common ventricular neoplasms. However, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, subependymomas, teratomas are also observed. The parasellar region is a frequent site of pediatric tumors as craniopharyngiomas, optic pathway gliomas and germinomas. Pinealomas are less common. Signs and symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure are often reported and vary according to the patient's age. Macrocrania and a bulging fontanel can be observed in infants and toddlers, whereas headache, papilledema and vomiting are present in the older children. A tumor hindering CSF circulation may cause hydrocephalus. Focal signs include epilepsy and neurological deficits characteristic of tumor location. Total removal of the tumor is the ideal surgical therapy. When eloquent areas are involved, partial exeresis is indicated. Radiotherapy is usually administered to malignant tumors even if in younger children its use in markedly limited by the possible severe side-effects on the developing brain. Chemotherapy seems effective in some brain neoplasms, however most suitable drugs and dose need to be established. It may represent an alternative to radiotherapy in children less than three years of age.
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PMID:Intracranial supratentorial tumors: classification, clinical findings, surgical management. 867 42

Choroid plexus papillomas are rare tumors that are confined to areas in which the choroid plexus is normally located. In children, choroid plexus papillomas are predominantly located in the lateral ventricles. Clinically they present with signs of raised intracranial pressure, such as vomiting and increasing head size. Here we report on the clinical, radiologic, and histologic findings of a 4-year-old female who was found to have a tumor in the posterior fossa that had all the histologic hallmarks of a choroid plexus papilloma. This tumor did not originate from the roof of the fourth ventricle as expected but from the ependymal lining covering the median rostral medulla near the pontomedullary junction, a location that so far has not been reported.
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PMID:Unusual localization of a choroid plexus papilloma in a 4-year-old female. 1265 24

Choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) are the most common neuroepithelial cysts, occurring in more than 50% of some autopsy series. They are typically small and asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally in older patients, usually in the trigone of the lateral ventricle. Symptomatic CPCs (usually exceptionally large, 2-8 cm) are rare. The authors report a case of large symptomatic choroid plexus cyst, located in the trigone of the right lateral ventricle in a 26-yr-old man who presented with headache and vomiting. The patient underwent endoscopic removal through a burr hole placed 3 cm from the midline and just behind the hair line. The histological examination of the cyst wall was consistent with choroid epithelium. Despite of postoperative intraventricular hemorrhage and catheter infection, he discharged home without neurologic deficits. The endoscopic fenestration rather than excision should be considered as the first surgical procedure because the goal of treatment is shrinkage of the cyst until normal cerebrospinal fluid flow is restored.
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PMID:Neuroendoscopic removal of large choroid plexus cyst: a case report. 1583 13

Choroid plexus papillomas are one of the most common tumors of the nervous system in infants. The most frequent early symptoms, megalocephalia and vomiting, caused by elevated intracranial pressure often lead to a diagnosis only at a critical clinical stage. This study describes a case of a 3-month-old infant with a choroid plexus papilloma measuring 7 x 8 x 6 cm originating in the right lateral ventricle. The infant underwent emergency surgery in an acutely deteriorated state, i.e., acute herniation symptoms with fixed and dilated pupils. Despite of the size of the tumor, the proximity to eloquent cortex, and clinically deteriorated state, the infant recovered completely.
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PMID:Infant with unusually large choroid plexus papilloma undergoing emergency surgery. Case report with special emphasis on the surgical strategy. 1646 83

Choroid plexus cysts are common and typically asymptomatic abnormal folds of the epithelial lining of the choroid plexus. Rarely, these cysts may gradually enlarge and cause outflow obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid. The authors present a case of a large choroid plexus cyst causing acute hydrocephalus in a previously healthy 2-year-old boy. The patient presented with markedly declining mental status, vomiting, and bradycardia over the course of several hours. Computed tomography scans demonstrated enlarged lateral and third ventricles with sulcal effacement, but no obvious mass lesions or hemorrhage. There was no antecedent illness or trauma. A right frontal external ventricular drain was placed in the patient, resulting in decompression of only the right lateral ventricle. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a lobulated cyst arising from the choroid plexus of the left lateral ventricle and herniating through the foramen of Monro into the third ventricle, occluding both the foramen of Monro and the cerebral aqueduct. The patient underwent an endoscopic fenestration of the cyst, and histological results confirmed that it was a choroid plexus cyst. Postoperative MR imaging showed a marked reduction in the cyst size. The cyst was no longer in the third ventricle, the foramen of Monro and the aqueduct were patent, and the ventricles were decompressed. The patient was discharged home with no deficits. To the authors' knowledge, there are no previous reports of a choroid plexus cyst causing acute hydrocephalus due to herniation into the third ventricle. This case is illustrative because it describes this entity for the first time, and more importantly highlights the need to obtain a diagnosis when a patient presents with acute hydrocephalus without a clear cause.
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PMID:Acute hydrocephalus secondary to obstruction of the foramen of monro and cerebral aqueduct caused by a choroid plexus cyst in the lateral ventricle. Case report. 1791 33

Choroid plexus papillary carcinoma is a rare intracranial malignant epithelial tumor. We describe a case of choroid plexus tumor arising in the periventricular parenchyma. A 52-year-old man presented with headache for five months, aggravated by vomiting for three days. Brain computed tomography scan revealed an inhomogeneous density lesion in the right temporoparietal lobe with mild enhancement, and hemorrhage anterior to the lesion. Histological and immunohistochemical findings indicated a choroid plexus papillary carcinoma.
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PMID:Choroid plexus papillary carcinoma associated with hemorrhage. A case report. 2435 Dec 64