Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A synthetic steroid, 3-desoxy-6-alpha-methyl-17-alpha-acetoxy progesterone (DMAP), was used as the progestin in a program of sequential oral administration of contraceptive tablets; indigent patients attending the postpartum clinic at the Medical College of Virginia were studied. No pregnancies occurred in 561 cycles of use. Withdrawal bleeding incidences usually occurred every 27 days, lasted 5 days, and were associated with moderate flow. The incidence of breakthrough bleeding was 3%; intermenstrual spotting, 2.4%; and nausea or vomiting, 9.5%. The endometrial changes more closely resembled those in a normal ovulatory cycle than those associated with oral contraceptive methods which utilize an estrogen-progestin mixture started on Cycle Day 5.
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PMID:Sequential oral contraception using DMAP. 590 45

The objective of a double-blind randomized multicenter trial enrolling 60 women was to determine the suppressive effect on ovarian activity of 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol plus 75 mcg gestodene administered for 21 or 23 days. The sites were at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Manchester, UK, and the Institute for Sterility Treatment, Vienna, Austria. The 60 women were healthy volunteers 19-35 years old, and they were randomized with 30 subjects each entering the treatment phase for either the 21-day regimen or the 23-day regimen. A pre-treatment cycle, 3 treatment cycles, and a post-treatment period were monitored by ovarian ultrasound and by measurements of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 17-beta-estradiol, and progesterone every other day. Two women on the 21-day regimen forgot to take 1 pill each. Side effects were minor including breast tension, vomiting, nausea, acne, and weight loss or weight gain. Withdrawal bleeding commenced in the 23-day group 2 days later than in the 21-day group. The frequency of intracyclic bleeding decreased when progressing from treatment cycle 1 to 3. No ovulation and no luteinized, unruptured follicle were observed. After stopping the medication, spontaneous ovulations were observed in all volunteers in the 23-day regimen. Suppression of ovarian activity was more pronounced in the 23-day regimen. 17-beta-estradiol serum levels during the last 6 days of a cycle and during the first 6 days of the next cycle were significantly less (p 0.05) in the 23-day regimen. The superiority of the 23-day regimen in comparison to the 21-day regimen with regard to the suppression of ovarian activity was shown. The observed differences in the 17-beta-estradiol levels and follicular development between the 21-day and 23-day preparations suggest that shortening the pill-free interval in combined oral contraceptives may increase the contraceptive safety margin in women on low-dose formulations.
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PMID:Shorter pill-free interval in combined oral contraceptives decreases follicular development. 884 82