Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Careful interpretation of the vascular pathology is important in cases of intestinal ischemia caused by primary mesenteric vein thrombosis because it suggests antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency. This deficiency, an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder, predisposes the patient to venous thrombosis. Similar or acquired deficiencies may also predispose the patient to thrombosis. In hereditary AT III deficiency, 90% of the cases have thrombosis of the leg or iliac veins; 8.3% of the cases, thrombosis of the mesenteric veins. Additionally, some families have a tendency to develop mesenteric vein thrombosis specifically. In this case report, a daughter with probable AT III deficiency had a history of 3 episodes of deep vein thrombosis in the previous 5 years while taking oral contraceptives. Her father, with the same deficiency, died from massive intestinal infarction resulting from portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis. The 19-year old woman developed gradually worsening abdominal pain, signs of peritonitis, and hematemesis. A laparotomy revealed peritonitis that was due to segmental small-bowel infarction; the underlying pathologic condition was mesenteric vein thrombosis. Coagulation study results revealed AT III activity by chromogenic assay, 0.48 u/mL; AT III antigen, 0.5 u/mL; and protein C antigen, 1.15 u/mL. 10 days after discharge, she developed a hemicranial headache with nausea, vomiting, neck tenderness, and photophobia; she was readmitted. A CT scan showed a left posterior parietal cerebral infarct. Repeat AT III activity by chromogenic assay was 0.51 u/mL and AT III antigen level was 0.50 u/mL. Before anticoagulant therapy could be initiated, the patient died 7 days after readmission. The combined lowering of AT III activity and antigen levels to half of normal suggests AT III deficiency. Earlier diagnosis of this deficiency could have been made in light of the patient's own history of thrombosis and the paternal history.
 ...
PMID:Mesenteric venous thrombosis due to antithrombin III deficiency. 333 17

The centrally active, alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine was given to 12 spinal cord injury patients with problematic spasticity not adequately controlled by recognized spasmolytic drug therapy. Five patients had an excellent reduction and 2 patients had some reduction in clinical spasticity (average dose 0.39 mg daily). Four of the 7 responders discontinued clonidine because of adverse reactions after an average of ten weeks of therapy. Three responders have continued to tolerate the drug well with excellent control of spasticity for 18 to 34 months. Five patients had no change in clinical spasticity (average dose of 0.24 mg daily). Three of the non-responders discontinued clonidine because of adverse reactions after an average of three weeks of therapy. Significant associated adverse reactions included syncopal seizures (3), cerebrovascular accident (1), deep vein thrombosis (1), autonomic hyperreflexia (3), lethargy/drowsiness (3), and nausea/vomiting (1). Possible mechanisms of action for clonidine to affect spasticity and the unstable cardiovascular system of quadriplegics is discussed. While spinal cord injured patients with severe spasticity may benefit from clonidine, great caution is recommended during its use until further study establishes safe parameters of administration and efficacy is confirmed on controlled studies.
 ...
PMID:Early clinical experience with clonidine in spinal spasticity. 374 98

Orally administered dipyridamole in combination with naproxen was compared with subcutaneously administered low-dose heparin in prevention of deep venous thrombosis after abdominal hysterectomy. The radioactive fibrinogen test was used to diagnose thrombosis. Only one patient in the total series of 65 developed thrombosis. She belonged to the dipyridamole-naproxen group; the oral intake of the agents was disturbed by postoperative gastrointestinal side-effects. Vomiting and headache were more common in the dipyridamole-naproxen group, but wound complications (haematomas, ruptures and infections) were more common in the low-dose heparin group.
 ...
PMID:Prevention of venous thrombosis by dipyridamole-naproxen and low-dose heparin in patients undergoing hysterectomy. 675 6

In a phase I trial, 17 patients were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 500 mg/m2 and leucovorin (LV) 500 mg/m2 intravenously weekly for 6 weeks followed by 2 weeks' rest and interferon alfa-2b 1, 3, 5, 8, or 10 million units (MU) subcutaneously tiw with no rest period. The most common toxicities were fatigue (12), diarrhea (10), nausea/vomiting (7), and fever (7). The maximum tolerated interferon dose was 8 MU tiw. Fatigue and increased incidence of other toxicities rather than a single dose-limiting toxicity occurred at the next highest interferon level. ECOG grade III/IV toxicity occurred in 5 patients and included transient supraventricular tachycardia and brief seizure episode (1), dyspnea (1), decreased performance status (1), anemia requiring transfusion (1), and deep vein thrombosis (1). No toxic deaths occurred. Two patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) had partial responses lasting 5 and 4 months. Two other patients with NSCLC had either minor response or stable disease, and 1 patient with colon cancer had a significant decline in serum CEA. The recommended alpha interferon dose is 8 MU tiw when given with this schedule of 5-FU/LV.
 ...
PMID:Alpha interferon, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil (ALF) in advanced cancer: results of a dose-finding study and evidence of activity in non-small cell lung cancer. 803 55

Inspired by the high response rates achieved with the DBCT regimen (dacarbazine [DTIC], carmustine [BCNU], cisplatin and tamoxifen [TAM]), we administered the nitrosourea compound fotemustine, cisplatin and TAM (FCT regimen) to 69 patients with metastatic melanoma. Fotemustine (100 mg/m2) and cisplatin (100 mg/m2) were administered every 4 weeks, preceded by TAM 160 mg daily for 7 days from the second course onwards. Pharmacokinetic blood sampling was performed in 14 patients during the initial two cycles to compare the pharmacokinetic behaviour of fotemustine with or without TAM. Previous chemo- or radiotherapy was allowed, and patients with brain metastases or concomitant other malignancies were included. Four complete and 11 partial responders were observed among 66 evaluable patients, yielding a response rate of 22.7% (95% confidence interval 12.9 32.5%). The median survival time was 6.4 months (range 0.1-52+ months). The main toxicities were thrombocytopenia, protracted nausea/vomiting and ototoxicity. Renal toxicity was generally mild, but possibly contributed to two deaths. Seven patients experienced deep venous thrombosis during the study. TAM had no influence on the pharmacokinetics of fotemustine. The activity of the FCT regimen was clearly inferior to that initially reported with DBCT treatment. However, a recent publication concludes that the latter achieves a considerably lower response rate when administered to a larger patient group. We believe our results reflect the true activity of FCT and similar regimens when administered routinely to unselected patients. Considering the number of potentially serious side effects, we cannot recommend the moderately active FCT regimen as a palliative treatment option for melanoma patients.
 ...
PMID:Clinical experience of fotemustine, cisplatin and high dose tamoxifen in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. 991 19

Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has become a popular agent for prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis and thromboembolic disease after total joint arthroplasty. LMWH allows for consistent dosing in postoperative patients without the need for laboratory monitoring. Hemorrhage is an uncommon but documented adverse reaction when using LMWH; however, intrahepatic hemorrhage has not been previously reported in conjunction with LMWH therapy. We report the case of a woman who suffered intrahepatic hemorrhage presenting with acute abdominal pain and vomiting after the use of enoxaparin for total hip arthroplasty.
 ...
PMID:Intrahepatic hemorrhage after use of low-molecular-weight heparin for total hip arthroplasty. 1022 Jan 93

METHODS: Evaluated are surgical difficulties, management problems and weight loss in patients with distal gastric bypass as a revisionary procedure. Eighty patients were followed up to 3 years; four were lost to follow-up. Mean age was 43; mean prebariatric surgery weight 134 kg; height 1.65 meters; body mass index 40.1; ideal body weight 62.7 kg; excess weight 70.5 kg; per cent excess weight 214%. A 250 cm stomach-to-ileocecal valve segment of small bowel was used, and the biliopancreatic secretions were brought into the terminal ileum 100 6 in from the ileocecal valve. Mean pouch size was 63 cc; length of hospital stay 5 days; operative blood loss 616 cc; operative time 130 min. RESULTS: Intraoperative complications included three splenic injuries (without splenectomy). Early complications included one deep vein thrombosis, two marginal ulcers, one GI hemorrhage, one wound dehiscence, one pouch outlet obstruction and one pancreatitis. Late complications included: one death from protein malnutrition/ ARDS; 21 hypoproteinemia; six protein malnutrition, and of these, three had hyperalimentation; three cholecystitis; 27 anemia; 22 incisional hernia; two staple-line disruption (reoperated); 26 low serum iron; 11 prolonged (>6 months) diarrhea; three prolonged frequent vomiting; and two unrelated deaths (chronic myelogenous leukemia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Mean excess weight loss was 83% at 12 months; 89% at 24 months; and 94% at 36 months. CONCLUSION: The distal gastric bypass is fraught with the operative and immediate post-operative complications experienced in any revisionary bariatric surgery. Distal gastric bypass is very effective in producing long-term weight loss. Nutritional problems are common but usually easily corrected. The most serious nutritional complication is protein malnutrition, which must be identified and corrected early. Success of this procedure is dependent upon patient compliance with proper nutrition and supplements, and regular office follow-up with monitoring of laboratory data. Patients who are noncompliant are at significant risk for complications.
 ...
PMID:The Gastric Bypass for Failed Bariatric Surgical Procedures. 1072 55

A 27 year old man presented with 24 hours of unexplained vomiting. His past health was unremarkable except for a deep vein thrombosis one year earlier. At that time his serum electrolytes were normal. The results of repeat electrolyte measurement are shown in Table 1.
 ...
PMID:Unexpected electrolyte changes in a vomiting man. 1177 Apr 86

The association between long haul travel and the risk of venous thromboembolism are suspected for long time. Mostly air travel related thrombosis series have been reported in the literature. Risk factors can be classified as: 1. travel related factors (coach position, immobilization, prolonged air travel, narrow seat and room, diuretic effect of alcohol, insufficient fluid intake, dehydration, direct pressure on leg veins, rare inspiration). 2. air plane related risk factors (low humidity, relative hypoxia, stress). 3. patient related factors (hereditary and acquired thrombophylia, previous deep venous thrombosis, age over 40, recent surgery or trauma, gravidity, puerperium, oestrogen containing pills, varicosity, chronic heart disease, obesity, fever, diarrhoea, vomiting, smoking). No patient related factors were found in some cases. To reduce the hazards air travellers are rightly concerned to know the level of the risk and the airlines should be responsible for this information. People should discuss with their physician what prophlylactic measures should be taken, such as compression stockings or low molecular weight heparin. Not only flight but car, bus and train travellers are also at risk of developing venous thromboembolism. Long haul travel alone is a separate risk factor for venous thromboembolism.
 ...
PMID:[Thromboembolism in travelers]. 1177 54

Hereditary hypercoagulability has been identified as risk factor in approximately 30% of cerebral venous thrombosis cases. We report three females with this association. A 38 years old female with a history of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limb, presented with headache, vomiting and a generalized seizure. Magnetic resonance angiography showed a partial thrombosis of the left lateral and superior longitudinal venous sinuses. Coagulation study showed a resistance to activated C protein and factor V Leyden. A 42 years old woman with a history of deep venous thrombosis, presented a right hemiplegia during a hospitalization. Magnetic resonance showed a left lateral hemorrhagic infarction. Magnetic resonance angiography showed an absence of signal in three venous sinuses. Coagulation study showed a protein C deficiency. A 17 years old woman presented a right hemiparesis in the sixth day of puerperium. CAT scan showed a left frontoparietal subcortical venous infarction. Coagulation study showed an antithrombin III deficiency.
 ...
PMID:[Status of hereditary hypercoagulability and cerebral venous thrombosis. Report of 3 cases]. 1196 66


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>