Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We document the case of a 69-year-old man presenting with 6 weeks of intractable vomiting. Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed a homogenously enhancing mass in the caudal fourth ventricle. Surgical exploration and biopsy was performed and pathological examination demonstrated a high-grade B-cell lymphoma. The lesion was a primary tumour in an immuno-competent patient. Despite the increasing incidence of primary central nervous system lymphomas this is believed to be only the third ever case to have occurred at this rare site. We suggest that primary B-cell lymphoma should be considered with homogenous lesions of the fourth ventricle.
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PMID:A rare case of vomiting: fourth ventricular B-cell lymphoma. 1909 74

High-dose chemotherapy with autologous SCT has become standard of care for patients with relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). To improve safety and efficacy of this treatment, new conditioning regimens are being developed. We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of patients with relapsed NHL treated at our institution with i.v. BU and CY (BU/CY) as conditioning regimen for autologous SCT between January 2000 and April 2005. We identified 43 patients (24 men, 19 women, median age 50) with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n=28), follicular lymphoma (n=8), mantle cell lymphoma (n=4) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (n=3). Following salvage chemotherapy, there were 26 complete responses, 13 partial responses and 4 stable diseases. Median time to neutrophil and platelet recovery was 11 and 13.5 days, respectively. Treatment-related toxicities included nausea/vomiting, diarrhea and mucositis. The 100-day mortality was 9%: sepsis (n=1), pneumonia (n=1) and hepatic veno-occlusive disease (n=2). Twenty-one patients were followed until death and twenty-one surviving patients were followed for a median of 29 months (range 0.4-76). Three-year estimates of event-free survival, progression-free survival and overall survival were 35, 39 and 43%, respectively. We conclude that i.v. BU/CY is a safe and effective conditioning regimen for autologous SCT in relapsed NHL.
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PMID:Autologous transplantation for relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using intravenous busulfan and cyclophosphamide as conditioning regimen: a single center experience. 1916 87

Burkitt's lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma with rapid proliferative index, which makes it disseminate easily to distal sites, especially to bone marrow and the central nerve system. We report here a 22-year-old woman with Burkitt's lymphoma involving multiple organs, including kidneys, breasts, left ovary, and bone marrow at the time of diagnosis. The patient responded well to intensive chemotherapy before the onset of retro-orbital pain, vomiting, and photophobia. The contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image in a second magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed a 2 x 1.9 cm mass in her left cavernous sinus that was not found in her initial MRI. Central nervous system (CNS)-directed high-dose chemotherapy and whole-brain radiation could not change the final failed treatment outcome caused by the cavernous sinus involvement disseminating to her entire CNS. Further study should provide well-designed therapeutic strategies to Burkitt's patients with cavernous sinus involvement.
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PMID:Intensive chemotherapy failure in Burkitt's lymphoma with cavernous sinus involvement. 1936 38

We report a case of primary leptomeningeal central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma with atypical imaging features in an immunocompetent adolescent who presented with diplopia, seizures, vomiting and subsequent unresponsiveness. Primary leptomeningeal CNS lymphoma is rare in the pediatric population, and this is one of few reported cases in the literature of large B-cell lymphoma isolated to the leptomeninges in a teenager.
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PMID:Primary leptomeningeal central nervous system lymphoma in an immunocompetent adolescent: an unusual presentation. 2046 87

Lymphomas that develop in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients are predominantly aggressive B-cells lymphomas. The most common HIV-associated lymphomas include Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (that often involves the CNS), primary effusion lymphoma, and plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). Of these, PBL is relatively uncommon and displays a distinct affinity for presentation in the oral cavity. In this manuscript we report a previously undescribed primary leptomeningeal form of PBL in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A 40-year-old HIV positive man presented with acute onset confusion, emesis, and altered mental status. Lumbar puncture showed numerous nucleated cells with atypical plasmocyte predominance. CSF flowcytometry showed kappa restriction with CD8 and CD38 positivity and negative lymphocyte markers, while the MRI showed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement. As the extensive systemic work-up failed to reveal any disease outside the brain, an en bloc diagnostic brain and meningeal biopsy was performed. The biopsy specimen showed sheets of plasmacytoid cells with one or more large nuclei, prominent nuclear chromatin, scattered mitoses, and abundant cytoplasm, highly suggestive of plasmablastic lymphoma. HIV-associated malignancies have protean and often confusing presentations, which pose diagnostic difficulties posed to the practicing neurological-surgeons. Even in cases where an infectious cause is suspected for the meningeal enhancement, neoplastic involvement should be considered, and cytology and flow-cytometry should be routinely ordered on the CSF samples.
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PMID:Primary leptomeningeal plasmablastic lymphoma. 2135 53

Multisystemic Castleman disease (MCD) can be associated with HHV8 infection, which involves the mantle zone of follicles. This condition results in an increase number of HHV8-positive (HHV8+) plasmablasts that multiply and amalgamate to form plasmablastic B-cell lymphoma. All previously reported cases of HIV-positive patients with MCD were coinfected with HHV8. Twelve cases of HIV- MCD that are HHV8+ were encountered in the literature, three of them developed lymphoma, and none of those cases were reported to have Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). We report a unique case of HIV-negative elderly woman with preexisting KS that presented to the hospital with recurring nausea, vomiting, and fever, assessment revealed diffuse lymphadenopathy. Axillary lymph node biopsy showed HHV8+ MCD with foci of microlymphoma. Despite the treatment with high-dose steroids, she developed multisystem failure that lead to her death.
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PMID:Does Kaposi's sarcoma predict multicentric Castleman disease in the presence of generalized lymphadenopathy? 2147 88

A 60-year-old woman with no previous history of chronic disease or malignancy presented with intense back and left leg pain and sleep disturbances. The patient had been treated unsuccessfully for the past 6 months with analgetics. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a soft tissue tumor in the L5-S1 region that involved the spinal canal, and a pathohistological analysis of the tumor specimen confirmed the presence of non-Hodgkin, diffuse large B cell lymphoma. After the diagnosis was confirmed, malaise, nausea, and vomiting developed. Multislice computed tomography of the endocranium showed focal infiltration of the hypothalamus and lateral ventricle; dissemination of a systemic lymphoma was excluded. Therapy was initiated as per the De Angelis protocol. After intravenous and intrathecal administration of metotrexate, the patient developed signs of central diabetes insipidus, which responded to therapy with an antidiuretic hormone analog. Despite the obvious infiltration of the hypothalamus, we cannot exclude an idiosyncratic effect of methotrexate on the central diabetes insipidus.
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PMID:Hypothalamic dysfunction in a patient with primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. 2182 93

A 59-year-old man presented to his general practitioner(GP)complaining of gastric discomfort. Endoscopy revealed an irregular ulcerative region from the gastric lower body to the pylorus. The GP sent the patient to our hospital. With a diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)based on biopsy findings, the patient was treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy. After two courses of this regimen, the patient had vomiting on several occasions. A computed tomography(CT)examination and endoscopy showed that the tumor decreased, but a tight stenosis was located at the pylorus. Because he had trouble continuing chemotherapy, a gastrojejunal bypass operation was performed. The patient did not have vomiting and was able to take meals. After this chemotherapy, CT examination and biopsy findings confirmed that the DLBCL and lymph node metastases had disappeared. Gastrojejunal bypass is expected to be an effective method for treating gastric stenosis during the chemotherapy of DLBCL.
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PMID:[A case of gastric stenosis due to primary gastric malignant lymphoma during administration of R-CHOP]. 2182 84

Small bowel lymphomas of the extranodal type occur in the young and are characteristically associated with malabsorption syndrome. We present the case of an elderly in whom there was no malabsorption and the duodenal tumor was a gastric type marginal zone B cell lymphoma also known as gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. A 73-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with 2 weeks of general weakness, recurrent vomiting containing food particles and abdominal distension. She had been diagnosed with diabetic gastroparesis 4 years prior. CT of the abdomen and pelvis was suggestive of gastric outlet obstruction but no evidence of pancreatic or duodenal mass. Endoscopy and biopsy of the tumor obstructing the distal first part of the duodenum confirmed a gastric marginal MALT lymphoma. The patient's symptoms improved with radiotherapy. Gastric MALT lymphoma, an extranodal lymphoma primarily described in the stomach, can also present in the small bowel and is not associated with malabsorption.
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PMID:Gastric marginal zone B cell lymphoma of the duodenum. 2211 Apr 18

Burkitt's lymphoma is a form of Non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. We report a case of Burkitt's lymphoma mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis. We will discuss the imaging and clinical findings that differentiate between peritoneal carcinomatosis and Burkitt's lymphoma. A 26-year-old man presented with nonspecific abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea associated with significant amount of loss of weight. Computed tomography images showed extensive peritoneal and mesenteric mass associated generalized lymphadenopathy. Core biopsy of the mass confirmed Burkitt's lymphoma. CT scan features are helpful indicator to differentiate Burkitt's lymphoma and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Focal or diffuse nodular thickening of the bowel wall with extensive lymphadenopathy are likely to be lymphomatosis over carcinomatosis. However, final and confirmatory diagnosis is histopathology examination.
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PMID:Diffuse peritoneal lymphomatosis simulating peritoneal carcinomatosis. 2211 59


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