Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two patients with rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure due to influenza A virus infection are presented. Both had influenza symptoms, with high fever and severe muscular pain leading to walking problems. In addition, they were dehydrated due to vomiting and diarrhoea. Both had evidence of an ongoing influenza infection according to serological tests. Muscle injury due to the viral infection gave rise to rhabdomyolysis with efflux of myoglobin from the muscles, causing renal failure. In conclusion, influenza A virus infection can cause rhabdomyolysis accompanied by reversible acute renal failure.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure associated with influenza virus type A. 1051 90

After two days of malaise, headache, nausea, and vomiting, a 26-year-old man suddenly developed opsoclonus and stance and gait ataxia, without myoclonus. Having excluded a paraneoplastic etiology, we assumed that the disorder was probably related to a viral infection. Spontaneous resolution occurred in about two months. Opsoclonus became flutter dysmetria and then resolved. Saccadic eye movement recording disclosed the occurrence of hypermetria, increased velocity, and delayed latency, which also resolved. In this patient, the correspondence between clinical and ocular motor abnormality courses suggests a transient cerebellar dysfunction as the possible pathophysiologic mechanism for opsoclonus.
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PMID:Opsoclonus in a patient with cerebellar dysfunction. 1060 72

The causes of pituitary apoplexy are unclear. We report a case of pituitary apoplexy presenting with headache and nausea. On June 17th, 1997 a 74-year-old woman had complained of retro-orbital headache, fever and vomiting. A cold was diagnosed for which she recurred medication. In addition to the previous symptoms she was getting to lose appetite. She was admitted to our hospital for further examination and treatment on June 21. On admission neurological examination showed left pupil mydriasis, the left eye had no light reflex and the right eye had only a slight response to the light. She could hardly move both eyeballs up. Laboratory data showed a normal white blood cell count and the CRP was 16.2 mg/dl. Lumbar puncture showed 97 mg/dl total protein and 82 cells per microliter, most of which were lymphocytes. We diagnosed viral infection based on the evidence of clinical symptoms and lumbar puncture data. The patient was treated with gamma-globulin and improved. From the 16th day of sickness we recognized symptoms of oculomotor paralysis and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. On the 23rd day of sickness we strongly suspected pituitary apoplexy based on transaxial MR images. After absorption of intra-tumor hemorrhage, the oculomotor symptoms recurred. We finally reached a diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy based on pathological material, MR images, symptoms and laboratory data. We must think of pituitary apoplexy when we see an aged out-patient with severe headache, nausea, vomiting and oculomotor paralysis. It was difficult to diagnose this disease in the early time course of the disease.
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PMID:[A case of pituitary apoplexy approving as severe headache and nausea]. 1065 40

Treatment with intravenous human immunoglobulin (IVIG) has become a routine therapeutic method in immunodeficiency states and autoimmune diseases. Although it is a relatively safe therapeutic method it may have serious undesirable effects. Knowledge of these undesirable effects is the prerequisite for coping with them and in some instances it is possible to prevent them. Undesirable effects of IVIG administration can be divided into six groups: 1. Generalized reaction, in particular fever, shiver, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, dyspnoea, changes of blood pressure are recorded in less than 5% patients, usually during infusion and depend on the rate of administration. 2. Hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions may be also severe to fatal and are usually the manifestation of the action of antibodies against IgA; they may be anticipated in particular in patients with deficiency of class A immunoglobulins and in patients with autoimmune diseases. 3. Haematological: rare and usually clinically irrelevant haemolytic anaemia. 4. Neurological: frequent and minor headache, rarely relapsing aseptic meningitis syndrome. 5. Nephrological: renal failure which developed by the mechanism of osmotic nephrosis, relatively very rare, affecting almost exclusively patients with nephropathy present before administration of IVIG. 6. Thrombotic complications manifested by cerebral ischaemia. They are however extremely rare and their relationship to IVIG administration is controversial. At present we can rule out transmission of viral infection by IVIG preparations with the exception of transmission of the hepatitis C virus.
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PMID:[Adverse effects of administration of intravenous human immunoglobulins]. 1074 20

Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) presents with varied spectrum of manifestations, association with diverse pathological conditions and variable outcome. A preliminary observation on children presenting with PTC is being presented because of certain peculiarities, not observed earlier, like occurring in clusters during particular season, all were infants having close relationship with viral illness and all had extremely benign outcome. Children presenting with raised ICP were hospitalised and evaluated. The relevant investigations carried out included lumbar puncture, cranial ultrasonography, CT Scan and culture studies. Fifteen children, all in infancy with male-female ratio of 2:3 presented in clusters of 11 (73.3%) cases during late summer and early fall presented with bulging fontanelle, vomiting 11, fever 12, respiratory infection 5, diarrhea 5, lateral deviation of eye balls 4 and skin rashes 5 cases. Contact with viral illness in the family was found in 10 cases. Lumbar puncture showed high opening high CSF pressure in all. Results of this study suggest peculiar and perhaps different form of PTC seen recently which affected only the infants. These were closely related to viral illness and had benign outcome.
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PMID:Infantile pseudotumor cerebri related to viral illness. 1083 33

This study was conducted to evaluate the etiologies of pyrexia in children with first febrile seizures using a prospectively recorded medical protocol, bacterial culture, and serologic tests for human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), dengue virus and Japanese B encephalitis (JE) virus. Of 82 children with first febrile seizures, who were between 3 months and 3 years old and had been admitted to Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital between January 1997 and December 1998, 41 were boys and 41 were girls, with a mean age of 14.7 months. The average maximal body temperature was 39.7 degrees C. Approximately 70% of the children developed seizures on the first day of fever and the duration of the seizures varied from 1 to 30 minutes. In addition to fever and seizure, common symptoms and signs included coryza, diarrhea, vomiting, inflamed tympanic membranes and rash. The causes of fever documented upon discharge were, in order of frequency, upper respiratory tract infection, nonspecific febrile illness, diarrhea, urinary tract infection, viral infection, pneumonia, herpangina, measles, pneumococcal bacteremia and dengue fever. Serologic tests for HHV-6 IgM were positive in seven children (8.5%), and serologic tests for dengue and JE viruses were negative in all cases.
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PMID:Causes of fever in children with first febrile seizures: how common are human herpesvirus-6 and dengue virus infections? 1128 13

Norwalk virus is one of the most important diarrheal viruses. Although the virus was discovered in 1970, the genetic analysis has started from 1990. The virus appears in sporadic cases but also in outbreaks in children and adults. The symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, but rarely are convulsion and others. The molecular epidemiological method is useful to detect the pathogen in environments and hosts. As the results of molecular epidemiology, it was found that the common virus with the identical sequence spreads in the world and the virus with unique sequence spreads in a limited area. In Japan, Norwalk virus infection occurs in early winter in children, while, rotavirus infection in late winter. In addition to food borne transmission, air borne transmission is strongly suggested. Norwalk virus infection is recognized to be higher prevalence following rotavirus infection.
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PMID:[Molecular epidemiology of Norwalk virus]. 1207 87

Gastroparesis is a disorder of gastric motility that results in delayed gastric emptying. Common symptoms include early satiety, postprandial fullness, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. The underlying etiologies of gastroparesis are many and include diabetes, prior gastric surgery, collagen vascular disorders, and a previous viral illness. Up to one third of cases are classified as idiopathic. Treatment typically consists of a change in diet to small volume, frequent meals and the use of the prokinetic agents metoclopramide, cisapride, erythromycin, or domperidone. Botulinum toxin has recently been shown to be effective in treating disorders of smooth muscle hypertonicity in the GI tract. This case report describes three patients with severe gastroparesis whose symptoms persisted despite dietary changes and the use of high dose prokinetic agents. All three were treated with intrasphincteric injection of the pylorus with botulinum toxin and all had significant symptomatic improvement afterwards. Possible mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin on the pylorus and its effects in patients with gastroparesis are discussed.
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PMID:Botulinum toxin for the treatment of gastroparesis: a preliminary report. 1209 82

The trivalent, cold-adapted influenza vaccine (CAIV-T, FluMist, Aviron, Mountain View, CA) is a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine that is administered by nasal spray. CAIV-T is efficacious in preventing influenza virus infection. The vaccine was submitted to the Food and Drug Administration for licensure in healthy children and adults. Universal immunization is being considered in children, and an effective vaccine with minimal adverse reactions is thus required. The published studies on the safety of CAIV-T in children reviewed in this article were clinical trials sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conducted in children from 1975 to 1991, clinical trials from 1991 to 1993 sponsored by a cooperative agreement between NIH and Wyeth-Ayerst Research, and clinical trials from 1995 to the present sponsored by a cooperative agreement between NIH and Aviron. Safety assessments included the occurrence of: 1) specific influenza-like symptoms, unexpected symptoms, and use of medications within the first 10 days after vaccination; 2) acute illness and use of medication within 11 to 42 days postvaccination; 3) serious adverse events and rare events within 42 days after vaccination; 4) healthcare utilization within 14 days after vaccination; and 5) acute respiratory symptoms with annual sequential vaccine doses. CAIV-T was safe and well-tolerated. Transient, mild respiratory symptoms were observed in a minority (10%-15%) of children and primarily with the first CAIV-T dose. Vomiting and abdominal pain occurred in fewer than 2 percent of CAIV-T recipients. The gastrointestinal symptoms were mild and of short duration. An excess of illness or use of medication was not observed after the 10th day of vaccination. Sequential annual doses of CAIV-T were well-tolerated and not associated with increased reactogenicity. CAIV-T did not cause an increase in healthcare utilization. Thus CAIV-T is safe in healthy children and should complement the use of inactivated influenza vaccine, trivalent (IIV-T) in children with underlying chronic conditions.
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PMID:Safety of the trivalent, cold-adapted influenza vaccine (CAIV-T) in children. 1212 58

An outbreak of diarrheal disease in a Japanese home for aged is reported. Out of 202 residents, 47 cases complained of diarrhea (23.3%) during a month. Clinical symptom were diarrhea (100%) vomiting (40.4%) and fever (31.9%). Fecal examination of 9 cases revealed positive A-group rotavirus antigen. Bacterial and small round shaped virus infection was excluded. Examination of rotavirus antibody, CF titer was positive in about 50% in each age group but the titer decreased year by year. In Japan, rotavirus infection has been epidemic only in nursing home for baby and titer of antigen has been believed to be sustain by repeated provocation. However, Japanese situation is changing to be west Europe and north America.
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PMID:[An epidemic of rotavirus infection in a nursing home for the elderly in Japan]. 1213 53


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