Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Group C rotavirus was detected in stools of four patients from February to April, 1993. Of these patients, three were infants who were attendants of the day care center of the hospital. Although the route of viral infection has not been determined, the virus might have been spread within the center. Because the clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis caused by group C rotavirus were vomiting, serious anorexia and subsequent difficulty of oral intake of food, patients often required fluid administration therapy at the outpatient clinic. The symptoms continued 1 to 2 days. Diarrhea occurred 1.7 times daily for 1.2 days. Watery stool was found in 3 cases of patients, but no whitish stool was discovered. Vomiting developed 2.2 times daily for 1.2 days. These symptoms were less severe than those of gastroenteritis by group A rotaviral infection. The electrophoretic RNA pattern of group C rotavirus detected in the four cases were the same. However it was different from that of the virus strains previously isolated.
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PMID:[Detection of group C rotavirus in the day care center]. 805 37

A 10-year-old girl with acute influenza B virus disease was given repetitive doses of acetaminophen by her mother to reduce the child's fever. When finally seen by trained medical personnel, the child was experiencing abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which are classic signs of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Despite these findings, the child was given additional acetaminophen and experienced lethal hepatotoxicity.
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PMID:Parental and medical over-administration of acetaminophen causing lethal hepatotoxicity in a 10-year-old. 805 83

From December 25, 1990, to January 12, 1991, an outbreak of acute viral gastroenteritis occurred among 132 residents and 102 employees of a Maryland nursing home. Illness typically lasted 24 hours and was characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and fever. The attack rate was 46.2% (61/132) for residents and 42.2% (43/102) for employees. No differences in attack rates were observed by station in the facility. The risk of having an early case (before the peak of the outbreak on January 2, 1991) was 3.5 times greater for employees with patient contact than for employees without patient contact. Analyses of temporal and geographic clustering of cases suggest that person-to-person transmission was an important transmission mode. Although an etiologic agent was not identified, the short duration of illness, high rates of vomiting and diarrhea, and high attack rate are consistent with Norwalk-like viral infection.
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PMID:Gastroenteritis outbreak in a Maryland nursing home. 812 Dec 57

Twenty-six days after liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis, a 52 year-old patient was rehospitalized for viral infection. The clinical features were fatigue, anorexia and vomiting. On physical examination, vesicular skin lesions involving the left 8 th intercostal space were suggestive of herpes-zoster infection. The following day the patient was extremely tired and dyspnoeic. The abdomen was distended with moderate abdominal epigastric pain. The clinical picture worsened rapidly and the patient died a few hours later. Autopsy revealed acute haemorrhagic necrosis of the pancreas due to herpes-zoster virus.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis caused by varicella-zoster virus after liver transplantation]. 820 3

A 21-month-old infant developed coma with hypotonia during a viral infection. Acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency was diagnosed on the basis of results of the chromatographic study of organic acids performed on a urine specimen collected during the acute episode. However, other disorders of mitochondrial and fatty acid oxygenation can generate similar symptoms. Emphasis is put on the need for collecting urine specimens in patients who develop alterations in consciousness and hypoglycemia without ketonuria during prolonged fasting or repeated vomiting due to a viral infection. Urine chromatography can suggest which enzyme is defective, although the diagnosis should always be confirmed by a study of fatty acid oxygenation in lymphocytes or fibroblasts.
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PMID:[Deficiency in medium chain acyl coA dehydrogenase manifested as febrile coma]. 834 83

Non-polio enteroviruses are currently the most common agents of the central nervous system viral infection, and are the major causes especially in patients with aseptic meningitis. The practical problems with enterovirus meningitis revealed from the investigation of our patients are as follows. (1) The triad of symptoms of meningitis (fever, headache, vomiting) were seen only in 50% of the older children affected. The only manifestation of neonates with aseptic meningitis was fever. (2) In more than half of the patients, the cerebrospinal fluid showed polymorphonuclear predominance within 3 days from the onset. (3) The causal viruses were isolated frequently (70%) from the cerebrospinal fluid of the children with aseptic meningitis. (4) The patients more than 1 year of age had no sequela clinically. Among neonates and early infants, transient abnormalities of brain CT findings were seen in 40% and delayed speech in 30%. Their prognosis should be investigated more precisely.
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PMID:[Enterovirus infections]. 846 Nov 63

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a viral infection from a new strain of Hantavirus. The Hantavirus was first discovered in North America in 1993 after an outbreak of fatal illness on a Navajo Indian reservation in New Mexico. Since then, 122 cases of HPS (with a high mortality rate of more than 50%) have been reported in 23 states, with the highest prevalence in the Four Corners area. The reservoir for Hantavirus is small rodents, mostly field mice, vole, and chipmunks. It is transmitted through inhalation of airborne virus from dry rodent excreta and saliva. A North American strain of Hantavirus, named ain nombre virus (SNV), primarily affects the lungs, causing rapid accumulation of fluids and leading to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the prodromal stage, HPS presents with flu-like symptoms, nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal pain and is often mistaken on the first visit for other infectious diseases or gastroenteritis. In the second acute stage, rapid respiratory deterioration begins: HPS is often misdiagnosed for pneumonia, idiopathic ARDS, and pulmonary edema. HPS treatment with an experimental antiviral intravenous drug, ribavirin, is under investigation. Practitioners must possess through clinical knowledge on the diagnoses, pathology, treatment, and course of the disease to reduce the mortality and morbidity rate of this rare but serious infection. A case report based on a recent HPS death in New York State on Long island in April 1995 is presented.
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PMID:Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: epidemiology, prevention, and case presentation of a new viral strain. 878 77

We report a case of multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis (MDEM) following viral illness presenting as multiple sclerosis (MS) in a 7-year-old boy. The patients had two episodes of alternating hemiparesis and other neurologic symptoms following viral infection, which were separated by 3 years. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated multiple, discrete, small nodules and large globular lesions in the cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, brainstem and cerebellar areas. Based on typical appearance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical manifestations including systemic symptoms such as fever, nausea, vomiting, headache and seizures followed by consciousness disturbance and other multifocal neurologic signs, the diagnosis of MDEM rather than that of MS was made. Because it is difficult to differentiate between MDEM and MS on the basis of the clinical history, the cerebrospinal fluid examination and evoked potential studies, this report emphasizes that the MRI study of the brain may provide an important clue for the diagnosis.
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PMID:Multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis mimicking multiple sclerosis. 889 Dec 39

A flavivirus related to the tick-borne encephalitis complex was isolated from the blood of 6 male butchers, aged 24-39 years, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in November and December 1995. Two of the patients died and the other 4 recovered completely. Four more patients, 3 males and 1 female, were diagnosed serologically by immunoglobulin M capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and seroconversion in acute and convalescent blood samples examined by indirect immunofluorescent test using Vero cells infected with the isolated virus. The virus identity was confirmed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, by the polymerase chain reaction; it was closely related to Kayasanur Forest disease virus. All infected patients had similar clinical and laboratory symptoms and signs, including fever, headache, generalized body aches, arthralgia, anorexia, vomiting, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes (serum glutamic oxalacetic and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminases), elevated creatinine phosphokinase, and elevated blood urea. One patient developed symptoms of encephalitis, but survived without any sequel. Skin rash developed in 2 patients, morbilliform on the hands, feet, and lower abdomen of one patient and purpuric associated with melaena in the second patient. Eight of the 10 confirmed patients were working with sheep, and the disease may be a zoonotic viral infection.
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PMID:Isolation of a flavivirus related to the tick-borne encephalitis complex from human cases in Saudi Arabia. 919 62

A prospective observational study was conducted to identify early indicators of acute dengue virus infection. Children with fever for <72 h without obvious cause were studied at hospitals in Bangkok and Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand, until resolution of fever. Of 172 evaluable subjects (91% of enrollees), 60 (35%) had dengue, including 32 with dengue fever (DF) and 28 with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). At enrollment, children with dengue were more likely than children with other febrile illnesses (OFI) to report anorexia, nausea, and vomiting and to have a positive tourniquet test, and they had lower total white blood cell counts, absolute neutrophil and absolute monocyte counts, and higher plasma alanine and aspartate (AST) aminotransferase levels than children with OFI. Plasma AST levels were higher in children who developed DHF than in those with DF. These data identify simple clinical and laboratory parameters that help to identify children with DF or DHF.
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PMID:Early clinical and laboratory indicators of acute dengue illness. 923 95


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