Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy and side effects of a new synthetic compound, 16-phenoxy-W-17, 18, 19, 20-tetranor prostaglandin E2 methylsulfonylamide, for menstrual induction. The study was conducted in an outpatient clinic in 240 patients with a delay in menstruation of 6-14 days. In 206 patients (86%) the immunologic pregnancy test was positive before prostaglandin administration. Most of the remaining 34 (14%) patients with a negative pregnancy test had symptoms suggestive of pregnancy. Whenever there was doubt that amenorrhea was due to reasons other than pregnancy, the patients were not treated with prostaglandins. The patients' age range was 16-32 years; the parity range was 0-6. The treatment was successful in 228 patients (95%), i.e., there was uterine bleeding after prostaglandin administration followed by a negative pregnancy test within 14 days. In 6 patients with failed treatment, there was uterine bleeding after prostaglandin administration lasting for 2-13 days but the pregnancy remained positive. Prostaglandin failed to induce bleeding in 4 patients. In 3 of the patients the pregnancy test was positive before and 14 days after prostaglandin administration. The uterus was evacuated by vacuum aspiration in 9 patients. In 1 patient who had no uterine bleeding, pregnancy test was negative both before and 2 weeks after prostaglandin administration. 2 patients were admitted to the hospital the day after prostaglandin treatment for excessive bleeding. Curettage was carried out in both these patients and the bleeding stopped. 1 patient was readmitted to the hospital 8 hours after prostaglandin administration with severe pain in the lower abdominal region. On further examination a tubal pregnancy was diagnosed and confirmed by laparotomy. 2 patients were successfully treated for pelvic infection with antibiotics 7-10 days after prostaglandin administration. All patients experienced mild uterine pain a few minutes after prostaglandin administration. 16 patients required analgesics. The majority of the patients described the bleeding as heavier and longer in duration than their normal menstrual period. The average length of bleeding was 7.3 days with a range of 2-13 days. Side effects included 1 or 2 episodes of vomiting in 13 patients and headache in 9 patients.
 ...
PMID:Termination of early pregnancy (menstrual induction) with 16-phenoxy-omega-tetranor PGE2 methylsulfonylamide. 20 Apr

Blood loss and the frequency of vomiting were assessed at 88 spontaneous vertex deliveries. An i.v. injection of oxytocin 10 u was as effective as ergometrine 0.5 mg in controlling bleeding from the uterus after delivery. The continuous infusion of a dilute solution of oxytocin in the first stage of labour was not followed by an increased blood loss at delivery. Oxytocin infusions were maintained for 1 h after delivery. Vomiting or retching occurred in 13% of the mothers who received i.v. ergometrine. None of the women who received oxytocin suffered emetic sequelae.
 ...
PMID:Ergometrine or oxytocin? Blood loss and side-effects at spontaneous vertex delivery. 37 50

This chapter addresses the role of health professionals in providing abortions and examines the dynamic technology of this field. Once the decision to perform an abortion is made, the proper procedure must be selected. Gestational age is the fundamental determinant but the experience and capability of the practitioner are also crucial. Suction curettage is the safest and most effective procedure available for abortions performed within 10 weeks of conception. Evaluation of the abortion patient should include, at a minimum, tests for hemoglobin, presence of gonococci, and Rh type. One of the most important parts of preparation for an abortion is sensitive and searching counseling. A potentially serious complication of suction curettage is perforation of the uterus. Dilatation and evacuation (D and E), is similar to the suction curettage procedure. This method may be used for gestations of 20 or more weeks after conception and requires greater operator expertise and experience. The complications of D and E are similar to those of suction curettage but are more frequent. Amnioinfusion is currently the most widely used method of pregnancy termination after 14 weeks in the US. The abortifacient agent that has had the greatest use is hypertonic saline. Morbidity associated with saline amnioinfusion includes hemorrhage requiring transfusion, retained tissue requiring manual or surgical removal infection, coagulopathy, and hypernatremia. Prostaglandins are alternative abortifacient agents. A disadvantage of using prostaglandins to induce abortion is that they frequently require repeat doses to be effective. Other disadvantages include nausea, vomiting, diarhea, and bronchospasm. Urea is anther effective abortifacient agent.
 ...
PMID:Abortion. 38 51

Labor was successfully induced in 20 patients with a diagnosis of missed abortion or intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) by intravaginal administration of prostaglandin E2 suppositories. Fifteen patients delivered with the prostaglandin alone while a concomitant oxytocin infusion was employed to augment contractions in the other five patients. The mean induction-delivery time was 9.80 hours; nulliparous patients delivered in a mean time if 7.78 hours, parous patients in a mean time of 12.29 hours. The uterus appeared to be sensitive to the PGE2 stimulation in all patients and all were delivered completely without the need for surgical intervention. Fifty per cent of patients were delivered within 8 hours and 80 per cent by 12 hours. The side effects associated with prostaglandin administration--vomiting, diarrhea, and temperature elevation--were well tolerated and therapy did not have to be terminated in any patient. The administration of PGE2 vaginal suppositories offers an effective and safe technique for the induction of labor in patients with IUFD. Labor can be induced with PGE2 suppositories as soon as the diagnosis of IUFD is confirmed, which eliminates the need for waiting until spontaneous labor occurs.
 ...
PMID:Induction of labor in patients with missed abortion and fetal death in utero with protaglandin E2 suppositories. 55 89

A 24-year old woman who had been using a Schmidt-type IUD for 1 year complained of severe upper abdominal tenderness and vomiting. After hospital admission, a complete blood work-up, urinalysis, chest and abdominal X-rays and a gallbladder series were performed. The latter two revealed a space-occupying lesion surrounded by a few loops of distended intestine and extrusion of the IUD from the uterus into the peritoneal cavity. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a gangrenous small intestine about 22 cm in length and located the IUD at the base of the mesentery of the involved intestine with no lateral migration from the left side of the pelvis to the right. A small intestine resection and end-to-end anastomosis were performed. Uterine inspection found a small amount of inflammatory change over the posterior surface. Pathological examination verified both gangrene and the IUD as a Schmidt-type. The patient recovered with no complications.
 ...
PMID:IUD gangrene of small intestine. 64 48

The efficacy of 16,16 dimethyl PGE2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester for cervical dilatation prior to evacuation of the uterus in 180 first trimester nulliparae has been studied. The drug was injected into the muscle of the cervix 3 hours before vacuum aspiration. In 143 patients (80%) the cervix had dilated adequately to enable evacuation of the uterus without mechanical dilatation. In the remaining 37 patients (20%) the cervix had dilated to 6 or 7 mm and additional mechanical dilatation could be performed easily in most of these patients. Side effects consisted of vomiting (11%), diarrhoea (7%), transient pyrexia and shivering (7%). There were no complications in any of the patients and no perforation of the uterus or damage to the cervix resulted during evacuation.
 ...
PMID:Cervical dilatation with 16,16 dimethyl PGE2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester prior to vacuum aspiration in first trimester nulliparae. 84 36

A single pessary containing 0-5 mg 16, 16 dimethyl prostaglandin E2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester was used for cervical dilatation prior to vacuum aspiration in 124 first trimester nulliparae. Five hours after prostaglandin administration the cervix had dilated to 8 mm or more in 87 patients (70 per cent). The uterus was evacuated in these patients without mechanical dilatation of the cervix. In the remaining 37 patients the cervix had become soft and dilated 5 to 7 mm and further mechanical dilatation could be carried out easily. Side effects were minor and included vomiting in two patients, diarrhoea in one and transient pyrexia in two patients. There were no complications and no damage to the cervix or uterus during evacuation.
 ...
PMID:Vaginal administration of a single dose of 16, 16 dimethyl prostaglandin E2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester for pre-operative cervical dilatation in first trimester nulliparae. 87 11

2 cases of undiagnosed abdominal pregnancy observed in a 1-year period are reported. Both were complications of 2nd-trimester induced abortion. In case 1, a 25-year old black woman (gravida 5, para 2), multiple attempts at amniocentesis resulted only in bloody fluid. Intramuscular methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) was administered and hypertonic saline was infused, but neither uterine cramping nor rupture of the membranes followed. PGE2 vaginal suppositories produced no change. Laparotomy revealed a large abdominal mass superimposed on the fundus, extending posterior to the uterus in the cul-de-sac. The amniotic sac contained a 15 ounce stillborn fetus. In case 2, a 33-year old black woman (gravida 2, para 1), bloody fluid was again obtained on amniocentesis. Intravaginal PGE2 suppositories and oxytocin were given, but dilation did not proceed despite uterine cramping. Examination revealed a cystic mass to the right of the uterus and fixed to the cul-de-sac. Laparotomy resulted in removal of a 45 gm macerated fetus. There appeared to be a rent in the right tube from which the gestation had been extruded with secondary implantation upon the abdominal viscera. A 3rd abdominal pregnancy observed in that time period resulted in a live birth at 41.5 weeks of gestation. Clinically, the diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy can be made by sounding the uterus. Laparoscopy will differentiate between abdominal and cornual pregnancy. Sonography is an additional diagnostic aid. When 2nd trimester abortion patients are given PGE2 as a vaginal suppository, 97% abort within 36 hours. Side effects such as vomiting, diarrhea, temperature elevation, and facial flush indicate adequate absorption. When these signs are present but expulsion of fetal tissue or membrane rupture do not occur, extrauterine gestation should be considered.
 ...
PMID:Undiagnosed abdominal pregnancy with inadvertent prostaglandin administration. 90 Jan 63

The study objective was to determine the effectiveness and safety of a single high dose (40 mg) of intraamniotically administered prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). A total of 33 women in their 14-20th week of pregnancy were selected for the study. The outcome was considered successful if the fetus and/or placenta were expelled from the uterus within 48 hours. If the fetus and placenta were expelled completely through the cervical canal the trial was recorded as complete abortion. If the placenta was retained within the uterus, completely or partially, the trial was recorded as incomplete abortion. The patients' mean age was 22.6 years. 27 patients were under 28 years of age, and 9 patients were under age 20. 25 patients were African, 2 Caucasian, and 4 Asian. 2 others were of mixed race. The mean parity of the patients was 1.4 previous pregnancies with a standard error of +or- 1.4. 17 women were nullipara; 16 women were multipara. There was 1 case of technical failure in the series, an obese Asian patient with a 16 week pregnancy in whom difficulty was experienced in entering the amniotic sac. A bloody tap during amniocentesis was obtained in 4 patients. 28 of the 32 patients aborted within 48 hours, showing a success rate of 87.5%. At the end of the first 24 hour period, 19 patients (59.4%) had aborted and an additional 9 patients (28.1%) aborted during the following 24 hours. The mean induction abortion interval was 19.4 hours. Multiparous patients aborted more frequently and in a shorter period of time than did nulliparous patients. 92.3% of the multiparous patients aborted by 30 hours; only 84.2% of the primigravida had achieved this in 36 hours. In the successful group abortion was complete in 13 patients (46.4%). In the other 15 patients (53.6%) the placenta was partially or completely retained necessitating surgical evacuation. Minor side effects were observed in 28 patients (87.5%). None of these side effects required analgesia in the form of intramuscular pethidine. Gastrointestinal disturbances were common. Vomiting occurred in 11 patients. Diarrhea occurred in 3 patients. No instances of cervical laceration or cervicovaginal fistula were observed. Bleeding was minimal in 27 patients (84.4%). In another 5 patients the amount of bleeding was moderate. In the majority of patients bleeding ceased with 2 weeks after discharge from hospital. None of the patients needed hospital readmission. No signs of vaginal or pelvic infection or delayed uterine involution were observed.
 ...
PMID:Induction of second-trimester abortion with a single dose (40 mg) of intra-amniotic prostaglandin F2a. 92 82

After approximately 2 weeks menstrual delay (positive Pregnosticon Tests) "menstrual induction" was attempted in 75 gravidas by repeated vaginal application of a gel, containing 200 or 400 mug/ml ICI 81008. After approximately 10 minutes, following the 1st vaginal delivery of 400 mug ICI 81008, the uterus responded to this PGF2alpha analogue with sustained contracture. The highest success rate in induced bleeding (93%) and pregnancy termination (79%), without supportive therapy, was achieved when 400 mug ICI 81008 was administered 2 to 5 times at 4 hour intervals. Those gravidas (21%), who failed in induced menstruation, or stopped bleeding within 24 hour- after treatment, had positive Pregnosticon Tests on day 14 and were curetted. The side effects, mostly vomiting and increased blood pressure, were transient and subjectively and medically acceptable. While the vaginal application of the drug is apparently less effective than the intrauterine (1), it has the advantage of simple delivery and the potential of self-administration.
 ...
PMID:Menstrual induction by the vaginal application of ICI 81008 gel. 96 57


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>