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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intravenous fluorescein angiography is a commonly performed and extraordinarily valuable diagnostic procedure. The frequency of adverse reactions after angiography has varied considerably in previous reports. In a prospective study of 2789 angiographic procedures in 2025 patients, the authors found that the percentage of adverse reactions depended strongly on the patient's angiographic history. Overall, adverse reactions followed 4.8% of the angiographic procedures. These reactions included nausea (2.9%), vomiting (1.2%), flushing/itching/hives (0.5%), and other reactions (dyspnea, syncope, excessive sneezing) (0.2%). No cases of anaphylaxis, myocardial infarction, pulmonary edema, or seizures occurred. The percentage of reactions was 1.8% for patients who had had previous angiography without ever having had an adverse reaction. In contrast, the percentage of reactions was 48.6% for patients who had had an adverse reaction to angiography previously.
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PMID:Frequency of adverse systemic reactions after fluorescein angiography. Results of a prospective study. 189 Dec 25

The use of Gadolinium-DTPA as a paramagnetic contrast agent in MRI with adults and juveniles concerning brain and spinal cord pathology is well proven since years. Tolerance and safety were excellent. In the FRG it is only introduced for children over two years of age. Therefore this report deals with the experience in four infants and small children under the age of two, who received gadolinium-DTPA for diagnostic purposes in pre- or post-operative circumstances. They all were suffering from neurological tumors and got additional diagnostic information in three cases. Clinical side-effects like urticaria, vomiting or convulsions had not been observed nor had pathologic changes of the biochemical parameters been noticed.
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PMID:[Initial experiences with the use of gadolinium DTPA in infants and children under 2 years of age]. 191 97

Food allergies are not a phenomenon of our time. The public and published opinion characterize food allergies as an accompanying symptom of our modern industrial society. However, many years before our time, Hippocrates (400 B.C.) and Lucrezius (1. Century A.D.) had described symptoms of illness which seemed to be due to food-allergies and intolerances. Today, allergies (especially food allergies) are often depicted as having increased excessively and that this increase seems to result from harmful substances in the environment, residues, food additives or may even be due to food manufacturing processes. It is estimated that the frequency of all types of allergic illnesses at this time in West-Germany is between 10-20 percent. Taking into consideration all degrees of difficulty, the number of people with food allergies lies under 10 percent of the population, although exact numbers in this area are missing. It is undisputed that food allergies are induced as a result of some of the foreign substances mentioned. However, the predominant share of food allergies occur as a result of natural food substances. The trend towards less processed foods has especially increased the risk of food allergies, since for example unmodified protein may contain more possible allergens than the corresponding protein which has been denatured by heating. The wide distribution of "new" foods from exotic countries and the enormous expansion in the variety of seasonings is also thought of as a cause for many allergies. One cause for more allergens reaching our abundantly set tables is the increased distribution and range of products resulting from expansion of national and international trade. Allergy, which to some extent is due to a malfunctioning immune system, activates certain defense mechanisms in the body. Food or more precisely its contents, then becomes an alien substance or antigen for the body against which it builds certain antibodies to "stay in a good state of health". These antibodies cause typical allergic reaction such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, urticaria and difficulty in breathing, after a certain food has been eaten. We must differentiate between food allergies and incompatibility (food intolerances). The body does not produce antibodies for the latter. Unlike food allergies, intolerances can disappear with time.
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PMID:[Food allergies]. 205 92

Two patients suffering from eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) were treated with sodium cromoglycate (SCG). Before treatment they showed enteric and cutaneous symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and recurrent urticaria and angioedema. The histological findings were a notable amount of eosinophilic infiltration in the lamina propria and gastric glands, a villous shortening and thickening and weak eosinophilic inflammation in the duodenum. The patients were treated with 300 mg SCG, 4 times daily, for 4/5 months. During treatment, the clinical symptoms disappeared and at the end of treatment a reduced inflammation with an almost complete decrease of eosinophilic infiltration was observed. The results provide evidence of SCG efficacy in the treatment of EG and suggest its employment as an alternative to the steroids commonly used in EG.
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PMID:Sodium cromoglycate in the treatment of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. 210 47

Allergic and pseudoallergic reactions caused by foods respectively food-additives present cutaneous (urticaria, erythrodermia), gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea) and respiratory symptoms (allergic bronchial asthma). The anaphylactic shock is the most severe manifestation. Exact diagnosis is based on anamnesis, skin-tests, laboratory investigations, dietetic test procedures and oral provocation. In allergic and pseudoallergic reactions the adequate therapy is the avoidance of the causative agent (diet).
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PMID:[Food allergies and pseudo-allergies--mechanism, clinical aspects and diagnosis]. 219 98

It is generally accepted that patients experience less discomfort with low osmolality contrast media (LOM) than with high osmolar media (HOM). Hard statistical facts from so called 'high quality' controlled trials, proving that more significant reactions such as vomiting, hives, urticaria or anaphylactic complications also are less common with LOM are, however, not readily available (3). One reason for this may be that most of the well designed controlled studies performed may have been tailored by the drug manufacturer for a specific purpose: to fulfil the format requirements for registration by the licensing governmental authorities. For this the sponsor, to save time, usually engages several medical centres, each only performing 15 to 60 studies (4). Materials of such a size are of course much too small to reveal any change in the frequency of a complication occurring with an incidence of only a few per cent or less. The absence of a statistically significant difference in such low incidences of complications does not justify any conclusion. The question then arises: how big a material would be needed to obtain a fair chance to statistically verify a clinically highly important decrease in the incidence of a complication from, for instance, 10 to 5 per cent? This paper deals with such questions.
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PMID:The significance of 'no significant difference'. 220 33

In a national study of almost 7000 primary school children, parents' perceptions were used to test the hypothesis that the child's irritability was associated with food intolerance independently of other symptoms. After adjustment in a multiple regression analysis for asthma or wheeze, cough, eczema, hives, diarrhoea and vomiting, rhinitis, hay fever and headache, and the social factors of father's social class, maternal education and maternal age, a highly significant association between perception of food intolerance and irritability (P less than 0.001) remained. Though we cannot rule out that irritable children's parents could be biased towards diagnosing food intolerance the possibility that some children do have behavioural disturbance associated with reactions to food needs to be explored further, preferably with a double blind challenge assessment.
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PMID:Associations of excessive irritability with common illnesses and food intolerance. 236 72

We report a case of nearly fatal cardiovascular collapse attributable to an idiopathic anaphylactic reaction in a 76-year-old man. The event began with gastrointestinal symptoms of abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting as manifestations of IA. The patient subsequently progressed to develop urticaria, flushing, cardiovascular symptoms of chest pain, hypotension, and eventually cardiovascular collapse and myocardial infarction over a five-hour interval. This case emphasizes that the potential for life-threatening cardiovascular events from IA exists in patients without previously defined cardiac risk factors.
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PMID:Nearly fatal idiopathic anaphylactic reaction resulting in cardiovascular collapse and myocardial infarction. 237 90

A total of 65 patients with food allergy which manifested primarily by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi and skin were placed under observation. The patients were administered sodium chromoglycate (nalcrom) per os in a dose of 200 mg 4 times a day for 2-3 weeks, in part of cases up to 3 months and even up to 1-1.5 year. The skin manifestations of allergy (pruritus, urticaria, Quincke's edema, and eczematous rash), abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, bronchospasm, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis disappeared. At the same time the majority of the patients demonstrated the reduction of the intensity of skin responses to the administration of different food antigens, the decrease of the antibody titer in blood serum in response to food antigens, and of the IgE content in blood. The side effects (nausea, heartburn, intensification of skin itch and abdominal pain) were noted in 4 cases.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with food allergy using Nalcrom]. 249 73

The authors reviewed 100 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in humans to compare safety or efficacy of new low-osmolality contrast media (LOM) with that of high-osmolality contrast media (HOM). Findings of the 43 RCTs judged to be of the highest quality suggest that the efficacy of LOM in imaging is equal or superior to that of HOM for all routes of administration. Heat sensation occurred less often with LOM for all routes and pain occurred less often with LOM for intraarterial routes. No differences were seen in nephrotoxicity or in frequency of nausea, vomiting, urticaria, bronchospasm, laboratory test abnormalities, or neurologic events. Greater cardiovascular changes were seen with HOM, including increased or decreased heart rate, increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, decreased systolic pressure, and QT prolongation, depending on route of administration. To demonstrate whether a reduction in clinically significant adverse outcomes truly occurs with LOM, trials will need to enlist larger numbers of patients and employ appropriate outcome measures. Future trials should stratify patients according to their risk of adverse reactions to provide better information about benefits of LOM in low- versus high-risk patients.
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PMID:Results of randomized controlled trials of low-versus high-osmolality contrast media. 182 61


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