Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analysis of data on Salmonella infection treated at the Children's Hospital "La Fe", in Valencia, from 1974--75 is presentd. A patient population of 211 selected cases were divided into two groups: Gastroenteritis (GEC), 155 cases, and typhoid-paratyphoid fever (T-P F), 56 cases. Hospitalization was required in 79% of the cases. The following parameter were studied: Locality and district of origin with respect to residence, conditions of hygiene, size of family: age, sex, seasonal incidence, previous time of illness, presenting symptoms and physical sings and complementary studies. The following conclusions were obtained: Salmonella infection are and endemic problem in Valencia. Their incidence is maximal during the months of June to October. Epidemiological environment was positive in 15% of the cases. Higher morbidity in children less than two years of age. Most frequent presenting symptoms: Diarrhea, fever and vomiting as often in GEC as in T-P F. In 38.7% of GEC cases, the diarrhea was bloody; 21.9% of GEC cases began with fever. Salmonella paratyphi B was the agent most frequently responsible. Data concerning sex, family size, conditions of hygiene and white blood cells offer little discriminatory information. Results obtained are concordant with those described in the literature.
 ...
PMID:[Salmonella infection in children. Epidemiological and clinical considerations (author's transl)]. 69 10

Mecillinam is a new antibiotic related to the penicillins but more active than ampicillin against salmonellae, including Salmonella typhi. Mecillinam must be administered parenterally, but the ester, pivmecillinam, is absorbed from the gut. Eight patients suffering from typhoid fever and one suffering from paratyphoid fever were treated with the antibiotic, and seven responded satisfactorily. One patient could not tolerate pivmecillinam because of vomiting but there were no other adverse reactions. Serum and bile levels of mecillinam were many times the minimum inhibitory concentrations for most salmonellae. The antibiotic is a promising addition to the agents available for treating typhoid.
 ...
PMID:Mecillinam: a new antibiotic for enteric fever. 82 Apr 2

Ninety-four children with typhoid fever presented with the primary complaints of fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. Fifty-two percent had hepatomegaly and derangements of SGOT and LDH. None developed hepatic decompensation and all had rapid clinical recovery. The abnormal liver function test served no prognostic purpose.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal phenomena in childhood typhoid fever. 94 10

Salmonella typhi has been reported to cause hepatic involvement. We studied nine patients with positive blood cultures in order to identify characteristic features of typhoid hepatitis which may help in early diagnosis. Patients who had an illness resembling enteric fever but negative cultures for Salmonella typhi were excluded. No specific clinical features were found consistently and liver function tests were widely variable. Other biochemical abnormalities occurred due to vomiting and renal involvement. Liver biopsy showed focal hepatocellular necrosis and non specific inflammation. Although most responded to conventional antibiotics, it was generally a delayed response. It is recommended that patients with fever greater than 38.5 degrees C and liver abnormalities should undergo blood, urine, stool and/or bone marrow cultures. Liver biopsy may help to differentiate typhoid hepatitis from acute viral hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic involvement with typhoid fever: a report of nine patients. 210 32

The efficacy and safety of pefloxacin 400 mg twice daily for seven days in the treatment of typhoid fever was investigated in an open, non-comparative study involving 37 patients infected with Salmonella typhi. Between day 5 and the end of treatment, all patients showed clinical improvement. The clinical cure rate at the end of the treatment period was 89.2%. One month after the end of treatment, the final assessment showed a clinical cure rate of 94.6% with relapses occurring in only two patients. Both these patients belonged to the group with negative blood cultures but positive serodiagnostic tests. Bacteriological tests confirmed eradication of the pathogen in 94.6% of patients and the relapses in the two serologically positive patients. Temperature became normal in a mean of 5.14 days. Clinical adverse reactions were reported in 5.9% (3/51) of patients (vomiting in two, transient pruritic rash in one). The results of this study indicate that a seven-day course of pefloxacin 400 mg twice daily provides a suitable alternative in the treatment of typhoid fever.
 ...
PMID:The efficacy and safety of pefloxacin in the treatment of typhoid fever in Algeria. 225 47

The features of typhoid fever in Indian South Africans are described. In children the illness was usually uncomplicated. However, anaemia, thrombocytopenia and hypo-albuminaemia were found in both adults and children. The initial symptoms on presentation of diarrhoea and vomiting frequently led to a misdiagnosis of gastro-enteritis. The previous administration of antibiotics also resulted in failure to isolate Salmonella typhi in 41% of patients studied. Typhoid acquired in the microbiology laboratory and that seen in visitors returning from India and the Far East is emphasised. The S. typhi isolates were uniformly sensitive to all antibiotics tested. The disproportionately high number of Indians of south Indian ancestry presenting to the R. K. Khan Hospital needs to be investigated.
 ...
PMID:Typhoid fever in the adult and paediatric Indian population of Durban. 229 5

During a seven year period (1981-87), 53 cases of typhoid fever in children below five years were seen. This accounted for 13.5% of all typhoid admission in pediatrics during the above period. Predominant symptoms were fever (100%), vomiting (52.8%), diarrhea (30.2%) and anorexia (24.5%). Chills and rigor associated with fever was noticed in 38% of the children. Salmonella typhi was isolated from blood in 22 of 53 (41.7%) cases. A significant finding on peripheral smear was eosinopenia (86.8%). Complications like endotoxic shock, enteric encephalopathy and gastrointestinal hemorrhage were noticed in only few cases (7.6%). There were no deaths.
 ...
PMID:Typhoid fever below five years. 236 59

A retrospective study of 137 patients with blood culture-positive typhoid fever admitted to the paediatric unit of the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia was carried out to study epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and treatment aspects of typhoid fever in Kelantanese children in hospital. The male:female ratio was 1:1.1. School-children were the most affected. Cases were seen throughout the year. The five most frequently presenting features were fever, hepatomegaly, diarrhoea, vomiting and cough. Rose spots were seen in only two patients. Complications included gastritis, bronchitis, ileus, psychosis, encephalopathy, gastro-intestinal bleeding and myocarditis. Relative bradycardia was not seen. Blood and stool cultures were positive in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks of illness. There was no significant difference between percentages of elevated O and H titres, whether done during or after the 1st week of illness. A four-fold rise in (O) titres occurred in 50% of cases tested. We would miss 50% of typhoid fever cases if a titre (O) equal to more than 1/160 were relied upon for diagnosis. Altogether, 46% of patients had leucopenia. Chloramphenicol was the most commonly used antibiotic. There were two deaths.
 ...
PMID:Typhoid fever in hospitalized children in Kelantan, Malaysia. 246 4

Experience with typhoid fever in 111 children over a 5-year period was reviewed. There were 66 boys and 45 girls, ranging in age from 1 to 11.5 years. The symptoms of typhoid fever were quite non-specific. Fever was the most common presenting symptom (in 98.3%). Other common presenting features were diarrhoea (25.7%), constipation (22%), vomiting (21.1%), cough (25%), abdominal pain (27.5%), headache (9.2%), epistaxis, meningism and convulsions. Rose spots were detected in 20% of cases, occurring mainly during the first 2 weeks of illness. Significant Widal reactions were present in 84.7% of cases. Blood and stool cultures were positive in 57% and 44% of cases, respectively. Peripheral blood white cell counts were not found to be of great diagnostic value. Chloramphenicol remained the drug of choice in the treatment of typhoid fever. It was more effective than ampicillin or co-trimoxazole. Complications were uncommon, occurring in only two patients. There were two deaths; both were admitted late and in moribund state. Early diagnosis and treatment is vital in typhoid fever and, as the presenting features are non-specific, a high index of suspicion is required.
 ...
PMID:Typhoid fever in Hong Kong children. 278 7

A retrospective review of 108 consecutive patients with perforated typhoid enteritis managed operatively over a 4-year period at Baptist Medical Centre, Ogbomoso, Nigeria is presented. There were 75 males and 33 females with an average age of 19.7 years. Presenting symptoms were fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and either diarrhea or constipation. One hundred patients (93 percent) underwent debridement of the perforation and two-layer bowel closure. Postoperative morbidity included intraabdominal abscess, wound dehiscence, and subsequent bowel perforation. Most of the 35 deaths (32 percent mortality) were attributed to overwhelming sepsis which progressed despite aggressive operative management and antibiotic administration. The key to improved survival in this deadly disease lies not in a better operation or improved perioperative care but in the prevention of typhoid fever by providing safe drinking water and improved sanitation methods for all of the global community.
 ...
PMID:Perforated typhoid enteritis: operative experience with 108 cases. 292 66


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>