Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

37 cases of cerebral hemispheric tumours are presented. These make up 23,1% of all the intracranial tumours observed over a period of 11 years in a Child Neurology Service. 19 cases were males and 18 females. Their ages were between 16 days and 7 1/2 years. Vomiting and headache were usually the first symptoms followed by seizures, frequently of the focal kind. Motor difficulties used to appear later. 69.6% of the cases presented a malfunctioning focus on the E.E.G. on the side of the tumor. The simple cranial X-Rays showed firstly widening of the fronto-parietal sutures, intracranial calcifications were seen in some of the cases with ependymonas and piloid astrocytoma in patients with Bourneville's disease. Pneumoencephalography as well as carotid angiography, radioisotope examination and computerized tomography gave us very positive results in the localization and determination of the size of the tumor. The ependymomas showed pathological vascularization regularly. The nature of the tumours corresponded to: 14 cases of ependymoma, 8 cases of astrocytoma I and II types, 1 case of astrocytoma of types III and IV, 3 cases of plexus papilloma, 2 cases of meningioma, 1 case of sarcoma of the basal ganglia, 1 case of teratoma, 3 cases of indifferentiated malignant tumours, 4 cases not proven. There was a 20% survival of patients five years later.
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PMID:[Cerebral tumours in infancy (author's transl)]. 90 Jun 62

It is well known that intraventricular tumors are occasionally seen in patients with tuberous sclerosis. We have experienced two cases of tuberous sclerosis with intraventricular tumor. Case 1: an 8-year-old girl was admitted to our clinic because of headache and vomiting of one month's duration. She had adenoma sebaceum, mental retardation and seizures clinically, and a large tumor was found in the right lateral ventricle by pneumoventriculography. Partial removal of the tumor was performed by the right frontal transcortical approach, but she later died of pneumonia. Necropsy revealed hamartomatous disease characterized by multiple focal tumor-like malformations in various organs including the brain, kidneys, heart, lungs and liver. The histological diagnosis of the intraventricular tumor was subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Case 2: a 6-year-old boy was admitted to our clinic because of headache of one year's duration. He had also suffered from seizures since 6 months of age. Adenoma sebaceum was noted in the cheeks. CT revealed a medium sized tumor at the right foramen of Monro and the moderately dilated right lateral ventricle and several calcified deposits in the lateral ventricle wall. The tumor was subtotally removed by the right frontal transcortical approach. The pathological examination showed subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Now 6 years after the operation he is enjoying a normal school life. In our cases, intraventricular tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis were of a typically benign histological appearance, that is subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Tuberous sclerosis with intraventricular tumor: report of 2 cases]. 380 99

We report a case of triple intracranial tumors of different cell types without phacomatosis. The patient was a 77-year-old female who was hospitalized with left hemiparesis and vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a large tumor mass in the right frontal lobe and relatively small tumor masses in the medial right frontal and parietal lobes. Other tumors were also detected in the sella turcica, left sphenoidal wing, left anterior clinoidal process and left cerebellar convexity. This case was considered to be one of metastatic brain tumors, and surgery was performed for the right frontal tumor because of its mass effect. The tumor was so highly vascular that it could not be totally removed. Postoperatively, the mass effect showed a gradual increase on CT scans because of intratumoral hemorrhage and peritumoral edema. The patient's consciousness level gradually fell, and she died of pneumonia and cardiac insufficiency 1 month after the operation. The surgical specimen of the tumor was diagnosed as glioblastoma multiforme by histological examination. At autopsy, the small tumors in the medial frontal lobe and parietal lobe were found to be clearly separated from the large right frontal tumor and were diagnosed as multicentric glioblastoma multiforme. The sellar tumor revealed chromophobe pituitary adenoma and was diagnosed as a prolactinoma by immunohistochemical examination. The tumors in the left sphenoidal wing and left cerebellar convexity were diagnosed as transitional meningiomas. Multiple primary intracranial tumors of different cell types without phacomatosis are relatively rare, but almost 100 reported cases could be found in the literature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Triple primary intracranial tumors of different cell types: a case report]. 760 38

Neurocutaneous melanosis is a rare congenital phacomatosis characterized by the presence of large or multiple congenital melanocytic nevi and benign or malignant pigmented cell tumors of the leptomeninges. A 14-month-old boy was admitted with a recent history of vomiting and drowsiness. He was found to have multiple congenital melanocytic nevi. Gd-enhanced MRI showed ventriculomegaly and leptomeningeal enhancement in the ambient cistern. CSF cytology revealed abnormal cells with pigmented granules. A diagnosis of hydrocephalus with malignant neurocutaneous melanosis was made. The patient was treated with combination chemotherapy (DAV therapy, ACNU intrathecal perfusion therapy, interferon beta therapy) while controlling intracranial pressure by CSF drainage, but in spite of treatment he died due to rapid progression of leptomeningeal infiltration. Postmortem examination revealed meningeal malignant melanomas predominantly at the base of the brain and benign meningeal melanosis over the cerebral cortex. Newborn infants or infants with large or multiple congenital melanocytic nevi should be carefully followed, especially for the first two years. When hydrocephalus or convulsions occur in patients with skin lesions, Cd-enhanced-MRI and careful CSF cytology studies should be performed to detect meningeal abnormalities.
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PMID:[Neurocutaneous melanosis--a case report]. 819 43

We presented a case of tuberous sclerosis (TS) associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGC) and renal angiomyolipoma (RAML). A 19-year-old female, who had been diagnosed as TS since she was 3 months old, was admitted with complaints of headache, vomiting, and abdominal pain. At 10 years of age, a ventricular tumor was shown on CT, and at 16 years of age a ventricular peritoneal shunt was placed for obstructive hydrocephalus. On admission, an abdominal CT showed bilateral renal huge multicystic tumors with hemorrhage, which were diagnosed as RAMLs. CT and MRI showed an intraventricular tumor near the foramen of Monro, and this tumor was removed through a transcortical approach. The pathological diagnosis was SEGA. Large sized RAMLs were identified by CT. Although TS is often associated with additional tumors in the brain, heart, kidney, and other organs, the combination of SEGA and RAML is quite rare. If ventricular peritoneal shunt is placed in a TS patient, risk of shunt malfunction should be taken into account.
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PMID:[Tuberous sclerosis associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma and renal angiomyolipoma: a case report]. 938 66

Intraventricular hamartomas are extremely uncommon lesions outside of a setting of tuberous sclerosis. The second case of its kind in medical literature is presented and its possible aetiopathogenesis, imaging characteristics, pathognomonic magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and histopathology are discussed. An 11-year-old male presented with a seizure disorder for one year, with headache and vomiting for 15 days. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed a non-enhancing, heterogeneous, left-sided, trigonal lesion with areas of calcification trapping the left frontal horn. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated that the lesion was iso to hypointense on T1 weighted images (T1WI) and iso to hyperintense on T2 weighted images (T2WI). A pathognomonic neurochemical signature was elicited on (1)H MRS showing low N-acetylaspartate resonance and normal creatine:choline ratios. Radical decompression of the tumor resulted in an excellent outcome. The diagnosis was established by positive immunohistochemical reactivity for synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myelin basic protein. This is the first case report in existing medical literature in which a histopathological correlation is available for a hamartoma with an unequivocal MRS signal. The authors advocate the use of MRS in patients with tuberous sclerosis or neurofibromatosis with suspected hamartomas to distinguish these benign lesions from gliomas prior to a surgical exploration.
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PMID:Intraventricular glioneuronal hamartoma: histopathological correlation with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 1613 21

Renal angiomyolipoma is a distinctive benign neoplasm that occurs either sporadically or in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. A 45-year-old woman was admitted with history offlank pain and vomiting. There were no signs suggestive of tuberous sclerosis either in the patient or her family. At operation, she had a left renal mass with nephrolithiasis and hydronephrosis. Histopathology revealed epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the left kidney with chronic pyelonephritis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of angiomyolipoma. This case is presented to highlight the epithelioid variant of angiomyolipoma which may behave in an aggressive manner.
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PMID:Epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney: a case report. 1788 64

We report a case of jugular foramen schwannoma associated with tuberous sclerosis. A 28-year-old female with tuberous sclerosis presented to Hikone Municipal Hospital with subacute onset of somnolence, ataxic gait and frequent vomiting. Her tuberous sclerosis was diagnosed at the age of 9, when she developed hydrocephalus caused by subependymal giant cell astrocytoma near the foramen of Monro, which was treated by surgical resection and VP shunt placement followed by radiation and chemotherapy. Brain MR images revealed a 3 cm enhancing mass extending from the left jugular foramen to the cerebellopontine cistern, accompanied by perifocal edema of the brain stem and cerebellar hemisphere. The tumor was partially removed via suboccipital craniotomy and histologically diagnosed as a schwannoma. After surgery her symptoms promptly improved and 4 months later she underwent additional stereotactic radiosurgery. No tumor regrowth has been observed at 94 months. Intracranial schwannoma complicating tuberous sclerosis is very rare. Only one other case has been reported in the literature.
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PMID:[Case of jugular foramen schwannoma associated with tuberous sclerosis]. 1796 37

A 6-year-old male child born of a non-consanguineous marriage admitted in the pediatrics emergency ward with the history of recurrent attacks of convulsion since 4 month of age. He was also suffering from frequent vomiting. Examination revealed that the child had characteristics features of angiofibromas on the face with butterfly distribution, hyperpigmented patches on forehead, hypopigmented macules on trunk, prominent subependymal and cortical tubers. The child was diagnosed as tuberous sclerosis. Association of autistic behaviors and severe degree of mental retardation are noteworthy in this child indicating the need of counseling as early as possible along with behavioral and educational strategies for mental retardation from early age with other symptomatic management.
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PMID:Autism and mental retardation with convulsion in tuberous sclerosis: a case report. 1982 2

Introduction Orbital meningoencephalocele formation is primarily a result of congenital defects in the pediatric population and trauma of the anterior cranial fossa in adults. We present a unique case of nontraumatic nasal and orbital meningoencephaloceles presenting as bilateral proptosis with exotropia secondary to chronic hydrocephalus. Clinical presentation A 20-year-old male with a history of tuberous sclerosis, X-linked intellectual disability, and epilepsy presented to the emergency department with two days of nausea, emesis, seizures, and two months of progressive proptosis. Initial radiographs of the skull showed a "copper beaten" appearance, indicating chronically elevated intracranial pressure. Computed tomography imaging of the head demonstrated bilateral defects in the cribriform plate and anterior cranial fossa. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed triventricular hydrocephalus with meningoencephalocele extension into the nasal cavity and frontal horn herniation into the extraconal space of the orbits. The hydrocephalus was managed with ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement with rapid and complete resolution of the proptosis. Conclusion No reports have described bilateral proptosis as the presenting finding of orbital and nasal meningoencephaloceles in the absence of trauma or congenital defect. This case study demonstrates the management of meningoencephalocele formation secondary to chronic hydrocephalus.
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PMID:Orbital and nasal meningoencephaloceles secondary to chronic hydrocephalus: A rare cause of bilateral proptosis. 2988 88


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