Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, who had not received any chemotherapy in the past, were divided into two groups. All the patients were put on isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide for 8 weeks followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for another 18 weeks. Group A patients were informed of the likely occurrence of anorexia and/or vomiting but Group B patients were not. Routine and default retrieval home visits were given to ensure maximal drug compliance. Drug toxicity related early defaults were significantly less common in Group A patients (1 of 30) as compared to Group B (6 of 30).
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PMID:Influence of prior information of drug toxicity on patient compliance. 163 84

A retrospective study was done during 1984-1988 in the pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital revealing 41 cases of acute hepatitis, consisted of 61.0% boys and 39.0% girls. The majority of patients were below five years of age (68.3%). There were 37.1% cases with malnutrition. The common symptoms were fever, jaundice, vomiting and dark urine. On laboratory examination there were 10 cases with positive HBs Ag. Accompanying diseases were malnutrition, bronchopneumonia, anemia, bronchitis and pulmonary tuberculosis. A total of 63.4% of patients were healed, 29.3% discharged against medical advice and 7.3% died because of bronchopneumonia and hepatic coma.
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PMID:Acute hepatitis at the Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Sumatra/Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. 189 96

A 23-year-old male patient with bacteriologically proven pulmonary tuberculosis was treated with the various regimens of antituberculosis drugs for nearly 15 months. Rifampicin was administered thrice as one of the 3-4 drug regimen and each time he developed untoward side effects like nausea, vomiting and fever with chills and rigors. The last such episode was of acute renal failure at which stage the patient was seen by the authors of this report. The patient, however, made a full recovery.
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PMID:Acute renal failure due to rifampicin. 208 61

This is a report on 912 patients treated during 1973 to 1979 for pulmonary tuberculosis and/or extrapulmonary organ involvement. These patients had been treated with a fixed tablet combination of isoniacide, prothionamide and diaphenyl sulfone in association with rifampicin and partly other substances. It was the aim of our study to examine this form of therapy in respect of side effects and effectivity. 535 of these 912 patients were followed up for as long as 13 years (maximum follow-up period). According to the criteria of the American Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Association the patients were suffering from 182 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis of only slight extension, 490 of moderate extension and 130 of large extension, as well as 55 cases of pleuritis, 67 extrapulmonary organ tuberculoses and 1 tuberculosis of the bronchial mucosa. Allergic skin reactions occurred in 0.7% of the cases, and in 0.9% there were neurological disturbances such as vertigo, paroxysms and polyneuropathies. In 7.4% of the patients there was an increase in serum enzyme activities of SGOT, SGPT, Y-GT as a sign of hepatotoxicity. In 5.5% of the patients there were several gastrointestinal concomitant phenomena such as sensation of fullness, nausea, and vomiting. Under IPD therapy the hemoglobin valuedropped on the average by 12% up to the 5th or 6th week of treatment and rose subsequently to almost normal levels. No permanent damage was seen in any of the patients under observation. In the moderately extended tuberculosis cases disinfection occurred on the average between the 6th and 8th week of treatment, in the greatly extended cases on the average in the 9th to 13th week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Short- and long-term results of tuberculosis therapy with a fixed combination of isoniazide, prothionamide and diaminodiphenylsulfone combined with rifampicin]. 211 30

Gastrointestinal disturbances like anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and diarrhoea are known adverse effects of rifampicin. We report an upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to haemorrhagic gastric erosions after ingestion of rifampicin for pulmonary tuberculosis. The cause and effect relationship between development of haemorrhagic gastric erosions and rifampicin administration was confirmed by rechallenge with rifampicin. To our knowledge no such adverse effect of rifampicin has been reported previously.
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PMID:Rifampicin-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding. 238 57

The patient presented in this paper had been stable for 3 months after the induction of hemodialysis, when nausea, vomiting and hepatomegaly suddenly developed. A chest film revealed rush cardiomegaly, and massive pericardial effusion was demonstrated by echocardiography. One liter of hemorrhagic fluid was removed by pericardiocentesis and subsequent pericardial drainage under echocardiography. The patient received chemotherapy against pulmonary tuberculosis 30 years ago and calcification on chest film was apparent. Although sputum smear and pericardial effusion was negative for acid-fast organisms, combination therapy was initiated for suspected tuberculosis. The patient recovered completely and 2 months later it was demonstrated that cultures of sputum grew mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculin skin test (PPD), which was negative 2 months previously, converted to positive. Tuberculosis must be considered as a potential cause of pericardial tamponade in patients on regular hemodialysis, and prompt therapy for both cardiac tamponade and the occult infection is warranted.
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PMID:Tuberculosis on regular hemodialysis--a case of pericardial tamponade. 276 29

A case of cystic cerebral tuberculoma is presented. A 63-year-old man was admitted initially to a sanatorium in May, 1983, for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. He developed headache and vomiting, and suddenly had a right hemiconvulsion on September 27, 1983. Gradually he developed right hemiparesis and motor aphasia. CT scan revealed a well defined, ring-like enhanced mass with multiloculated cysts in the left fronto-parietal lobe. So, he was transferred to our hospital on February 3, 1984. Neurological examination revealed that he had motor aphasia and right hemiparesis. Left carotid angiogram showed light tumor stain in the left fronto-parietal lobe, and 99mTc brain scan detected increased uptake in this area. A left fronto-parieto-temporal craniotomy was performed and a subcortical mass was excised en bloc. The mass had multiloculated cysts containing xanthochromic fluid. Histologically, the mass was cystic cerebral tuberculoma. Cystic cerebral tuberculomas have rarely been reported even before the introduction of antituberculous chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of the cysts in this particular case was considered that the caseous material would have undergone liquefaction by enzymes liberated from degenerated and fragmented inflammatory cells.
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PMID:[Cystic cerebral tuberculoma--a case report]. 370 46

Acute hemolysis as a reaction to rifampicin is extremely rare; case reports number less than 15. We recently evaluated a 65-year-old Cambodian refugee who self-regulated the use of rifampicin and isoniazid for pulmonary tuberculosis. Fifteen minutes after a single discontinuous oral dose, he developed flank pain, chills, rigors, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and brown turbid urine. Laboratory tests at presentation showed acute intravascular hemolysis. Nonoliguric renal failure ensured, and he was transferred to our institution 2 days later. The patient was group A, Rh (D) positive, P1 negative with a cold autoantibody and cold anti-P1 alloantibody. The direct antiglobulin test was negative at the time of transfer. To evaluate the hemolysis, studies were done to test for rifampicin- or isoniazid-dependent antibodies. Rifampicin-dependent antibodies were detected in the antiglobulin phase with broad spectrum anti-human globulin, monospecific anti-gamma chain, and anti-complement antisera. Agglutination titers did not change after dithiothreitol reduction of the patient's serum. We conclude that this patient developed rifampicin-dependent IgG antibodies with complement-fixing capability. The presence of rifampicin-dependent antibodies should be suspected in a patient with hemolysis and/or renal failure taking rifampicin.
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PMID:Acute hemolysis and renal failure with rifampicin-dependent antibodies after discontinuous administration. 398 5

Every time the tuberculosis is present and it is to be included in the differentialdiagnosis if the occasion arrises. In the anamnesis it is necessary to pay attention to specific diseases and the risk groups like patients with "21-day-cough", silicotics, "Contrast-articularis bronchitics", diabetics, so-called "persons with fibrotic lesions" and patients with frequent influenzal infections. The symptoms unclear gastric distress, want of appetite, indifferent loss in weight, uneasiness, slight vertigo and fast tiredness already give further references. Breath-pain, haemoptysis and subfebrile temperatures are already severe symptoms. A thorax X ray-photograph, tuberculin test, heamogram, sedimentation test and intensive search for mycobacteria, belong to the diagnosis. In extrapulmonary foci the search for mycobacteria is to try by swab, puncture, control of urine and menstrual blood. It is possible, that a histologic corroboration will be necessary. Unclear fever, headache and vomiting with or without dyspnoea, cyanosis and diaphragmatic lowness indicate a ocular reflection, liver biopsy and, in special case, a lumbar puncture without delay. Sooner or later the course of an unrecognized phthisis can result in death. It is necessary to fill up the gap between welltime diagnosis and death by unknown tuberculosis. That means: Thorough knowledge of matter, insight into the disease-course and inducement of all necessary diagnostic possibilities.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and course of tuberculosis especially from the viewpoint of clinically unknown deaths]. 407 12

A controlled clinical trial was undertaken in 247 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis to assess the relative efficacies of a fully supervised twice-weekly oral regimen of isoniazid plus PAS (para-aminosalicylic acid) and a standard self-administered daily regimen of the same drugs following an initial intensive phase of two weeks of daily streptomycin, PAS, and isoniazid. Among patients who had isoniazid-sensitive cultures initially and who attended the clinic regularly the numbers with a favourable bacteriological response at the end of the year of chemotherapy were 79 (88%) out of 90 for the twice-weekly regimen and 72 (87%) out of 83 for the daily regimen; the numbers of patients with considerable radiographic improvement were 54 (60%) and 53 (64%) respectively. Complaints of vomiting or diarrhoea that did not require a reduction of the PAS dosage were made on one or two occasions by 23(21%) out of 109 twice-weekly and 25 (23%) out of 108 daily patients, and on at least three occasions by 4 (4%) and 12 (11%) respectively. Finally, all five patients who had chemotherapy changed on account of hypersensitivity to PAS had been receiving the daily regimen, as also had one patient who died of agranulocytosis.
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PMID:Controlled comparison of oral twice-weekly and oral daily isoniazid plus PAS in newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. 463 61


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