Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 48 patients with measurable advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (n = 16) or adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas (n = 32) were prospectively treated with iproplatin at a starting dose of 270 mg/m2 intravenously over 2 hours. The dose was repeated every 28 days, and dose escalations or reductions were made on the basis of toxicity in the preceding course. No patient with gastric carcinoma achieved either a complete or partial response. One partial response and two complete responses were seen with pancreatic adenocarcinoma for an overall response rate of 10%. One patient has remained free of disease for more than 2 years. The major toxicities were granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. All toxicities were reversible upon discontinuation of the drug. On the basis of this trial, we conclude that iproplatin has no substantive activity in advanced gastric or pancreatic carcinomas.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of iproplatin in patients with advanced gastric and pancreatic cancer. 144 17

The patients with ovarian cancer are apt to combine peritonitis carcinomatosa (PC). The effect of intraperitoneal (IP) administration of CDDP against peritonitis carcinomatosa was examined. Hydration was not necessary when CBDCA was injected, because nephrotoxicity of CBDCA was very low compared to CDDP. We studied pharmacokinetics of IP-CBCCA and its efficacy and safety. Four hundreds and fifty mg of CBDCA was dissolved in 1,000 ml of saline and administrated through the subcutaneously implanted Infuse-A-Port for 60 minutes. Complete response was 25%. The platinum concentration in the ascites (injected saline) decreased to 90.8 micrograms/ml at 2 hr after administration and to 3.8 micrograms/ml at 24 hrs, and 79.7 97.5% existed as free Pt. The concentration of serous Pt reached to 6.2 micrograms/ml at 15 min. and was kept at 6-8 micrograms/ml. and 52.4-92.7% existed as free Pt in serum. Pt was excreted to urine and reached to the peak concentration at 4 hr. Adverse effect was mainly myelotoxicity without renal toxicity and emesis. Leukocytopenia of grade 4 was 14.3%, thrombocytopenia was 25.0%. We tried IP administration to the outpatients. The doses were mainly 300 mg, but in some cases, it was escalated to 450 mg, Adverse effect of 300 mg was thrombocytopenia of grade 4 (4.8%). These results suggest that IP administration of CBDCA seemed to be a new method as locosystemic chemotherapy. We demonstrated new chemotherapeutic method to outpatients.
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetics of carboplatin after intraperitoneal administration and clinical effect in ovarian cancer]. 146 42

Combination chemotherapy including cisplatin was administered intraarterially from the internal iliac artery as neoadjuvant chemotherapy to six patients with locally advanced uterine cervical cancer (stage higher than IIIB of FIGO). The drugs and doses were mitomycin-C 10 mg/m2, vincristine 1 mg/m2, and cisplatin 50 mg/m2. Two or three courses were repeated at intervals of 3 weeks. In three patients, dose reductions were undertaken for decreased renal function and thrombocytopenia. Partial response was, however, observed in all patients (response rate 100%), and five of six patients were able to undergo a radical hysterectomy. The major toxic effects were leukocytopenia, nausea, and vomiting. Our preliminary experience suggests that pelvic intraarterial infusion of combination chemotherapy is effective against primary and advanced uterine cervical cancer, and this preoperative treatment can lead to easier radical hysterectomy. However, further studies are warranted.
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PMID:Neoadjuvant intraarterial infusion chemotherapy with a combination of mitomycin-C, vincristine, and cisplatin for locally advanced cervical cancer: a preliminary report. 147 55

Thirty-five patients with a mean age of 60.6 years (44-78 years, 22 male, 13 female) with advanced low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), or prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) were treated every 4 weeks with prednimustine 100 mg/m2 p.o. d 1-d 5 and mitoxantrone 8 mg/m2 i.v. d 1 and d 2. Seven patients had CLL, one lymphocytic NHL, two PLL, 13 immunocytoma, nine centroblastic/centrocytic NHL, and three centrocytic NHL. Twenty-five patients were pretreated. The subjective toxicity of the treatment was mild, with no WHO grade-3 alopecia, polyneuropathy, cardiotoxicity, mucositis, nausea, or vomiting. Hematologic side effects with WHO grade-4 granulopenia and thrombopenia were experienced by 26% and 23% of the patients, respectively. The overall response rate (CR+PR) was 72% for lymphoma patients and 37% for CLL patients, with a median remission duration of 14.6 months. The maximum response was achieved after a median of two treatment courses. Prednimustine with mitoxantrone is a subjectively well tolerated treatment for low-grade malignant NHL, to be further evaluated in phase-III studies. The regimen may shorten the duration of treatment, saving time-consuming out-patient visits and costs.
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PMID:Prednimustine and mitoxantrone (PmM) in patients with low-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL). 155 99

An epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever occurred in Delhi during 1988. A total of 21 pediatric patients with that illness or dengue shock syndrome were evaluated from September-November 1988. All patients had fever, restlessness, ecchymotic spots, and ascites. Pleural effusion occurred in 19 patients (90%) and 18 (86%) exhibited each of the following: vomiting, thrombocytopenia, and hemoconcentration. Hepatomegaly was observed in 15 patients (71%) and splenomegaly in 3 (14%). Titers of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against dengue virus type 2 were raised in all 15 cases from whom sera were collected during the acute stage. Convalescent sera from 5 patients had increased titers of HI antibodies to dengue virus type 2. The remaining 10 cases exhibited raised IgM antibody levels against dengue virus type 2. The fatality rate for serologically proven cases was 13% (2 of 15 patients) while for all patients (including those diagnosed clinically [n=6] and serologically [n=15]), it was 33.3% (7 of 21). Patients who survived had no sequelae, except 1 who had transient hypertension which continued for 2 weeks.
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PMID:Dengue haemorrhagic fever in children in Delhi. 156 74

Since continuous infusion of daunorubicin and of carboplatin have shown efficacy and reduced toxicity in early phase studies in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 34 elderly patients with high-risk AML were treated with continuous infusion daunorubicin, 30 mg/m2 per day, from day 1 to day 4, and carboplatin, 200 mg/m2 per day from day 3 to day 7. Seven patients had therapy-related AML and/or AML following a myelodysplastic syndrome at diagnosis, 15 were in first and two in second relapse, and 10 were resistant to previous anthracycline and cytarabine therapy. Nine patients or 26%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 18-67%, achieved complete remission, including one patient at diagnosis (14%, CI: 0-58%), seven with relapsed AML (41%, CI: 18-67%), and one with resistant AML (10%, CI: 0-45%). Median durations of neutropenia below 0.5 x 10(9)/l and of thrombocytopenia below 20 x 10(9)/l were 24 and 20 days respectively. Severe toxicity included infections in 20 patients (59%), bleeding in two (6%), cardiac anomalies in two (6%), and vomiting in one (3%). Overall four patients (12%) died from chemotherapy related toxicity and 21 (62%) had resistant disease. Median overall survival was 4 months and median disease-free survival 8 months. We conclude that this regimen had efficacy with reduced toxicity in relapsed patients. Higher dosages for the same drugs could be tolerated by better risk patients for precise evaluation of cross reactivity with cytarabine-based regimens.
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PMID:Continuous-infusion daunorubicin and carboplatin for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia in the elderly. 164 Jul 28

A phase II clinical trial of SM-5887, a new totally synthesized anthracycline derivative, was carried out in 13 patients with inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer. No patient had been given anthracycline previously. SM-5887 was administered by I.V. bolus with a dose of 100 mg/m2 every three weeks. Twelve of 13 cases were eligible and evaluable for the response. Of the 12 evaluated cases, 6 showed no change (NC), including one minor response (MR). The remaining 6 cases showed progressive disease (PD). Adverse effects were relatively mild in most cases and included anemia, leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea/vomiting, phlebitis, hair loss and fever. Among them, leukocytopenia was observed most frequently.
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PMID:[A phase II study of SM-5887 for advanced gastric cancer]. 164 50

Suggestions of a dose-response effect for cisplatin in non-small-cell lung cancer have contributed to the development of very high-dose cisplatin regimens (200 mg/m2 per cycle). We treated 53 eligible patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer with a combination of 100 mg/m2 cisplatin and 4 mg/m2 vinblastine, each given on days 1 and 8 of a 28-day cycle. We observed no complete response and 4 partial responses (8%). Median survival was 6 months. Toxicities of grade III or greater included leukopenia (11 cases), nausea/vomiting (6 cases), thrombocytopenia (2 cases), anemia (2 cases), and elevation of transaminase (1 case). Neurotoxicity has been reported to be a major problem in several other very high-dose cisplatin regimens. The low level of neurotoxicity observed in this study may be attributable to the median cumulative cisplatin dose of less than 600 mg/m2. This vinblastine/very high-dose cisplatin regimen showed minor activity against non-small-cell lung cancer. The level of activity did not surpass that of standard-dose (100 mg/m2 per cycle) cisplatin-containing regimens.
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PMID:Treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer with vinblastine and very high-dose cisplatin. A Southwest Oncology Group study. 164 6

The combination of dichloromethotrexate, cisplatin, and infusional 5-fluorouracil was evaluated as treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer in a phase II trial using 43 evaluable patients. Grade III or IV toxicity included thrombocytopenia (21%), leukopenia (14%), nausea/vomiting (14%), mucositis (9%), infection (5%), and other (16%). There were six responders (14%), with a 95% confidence interval of [5%, 28%]. Two additional patients achieved a 50% reduction in cross-sectional tumor size that was not documented twice. Median survival time was 6.5 months. This combination is not considered sufficiently active for further evaluation in this disease.
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PMID:Dichloromethotrexate, infusional cisplatin, and infusional 5-fluorouracil for locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. A MAOP study. 165 78

An outbreak of severe haemorrhagic illness began in the municipality of Guanarito, Portuguesa State, Venezuela, in September, 1989. Subsequent detailed study of 15 cases confirmed the presence of a new viral disease, designated Venezuelan haemorrhagic fever. Characteristic features are fever, toxicity, headache, arthralgia, diarrhoea, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and haemorrhagic manifestations. Other features include facial oedema, cervical lymphadenopathy, nausea/vomiting, cough, chest or abdominal pain, and convulsions. The patients ranged in age from 6 to 54 years; all were residents of rural areas in central Venezuela, and 9 died. Infection with Guanarito virus, a newly recognised arenavirus, was shown by direct culture or by serological confirmation in all cases. Epidemiological studies suggest that the disease is endemic in some rural areas of central Venezuela and that it is rodent-borne. Venezuelan haemorrhagic fever has many similarities to Lassa fever and to the arenavirus haemorrhagic fevers that occur in Argentina and Bolivia.
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PMID:Venezuelan haemorrhagic fever. 168 54


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