Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-one females with primary anorexia nervosa were studied by means of a retrospective analysis of hospital notes. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of subjects who had become emaciated solely because of dieting, food refusal and excessive exercising ("dieters"); the second of those who had used additional means to bring about weight loss such, as habitual vomiting and the abuse of purgatives ("vomiters and purgers"). Most "dieters" were intense, introverted, socially withdrawan individuals whose anorexia behaviour had started in response to psychological stress. They had become completely preoccupied with thoughts of food, eating and losing weight. Several did well in treatment, and recovered fully from their anorexic symptoms. "Vomiters and purgers", on the other hand, were more outgoing in respect to personality. Most had previously been obese and, as they had been unable to keep themselves thin by simply abstaining from food, they had learnt to use other means to control their weight. These latter patients did less well in treatment. They continued to experience difficulty in controlling their weight, and the majority persisted with their abnormal behaviour.
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PMID:"Dieters" and "vomiters and purgers" in anorexia nervosa. 100 78

Nausea and vomiting are frequent side-effects of intravenous cancer chemotherapy. How these complications were related to the gastric mucosal function was investigated by measuring the gastric mucosal potential difference (PD). Eight patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving chemotherapy were investigated. The liquid junction-corrected gastric PD and pH were measured with a newly developed microelectrode. The measurements started half an hour before chemotherapy and continued for 4-5 hours. Nausea, vomiting, psychological stress and sleeping episodes were registered. The initial PD values were -34 mV +/- 8 mV (mean +/- SD). During the observation period 6 of 8 patients had one or more episodes of nausea and vomiting. All episodes were preceded by a significant decline in PD. The magnitude of the decline in PD was unrelated to the time-lag between administration of chemotherapy and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting, and there was no correlation between the time for these episodes and the time for the administration of the chemotherapy. One patient had three episodes of severe psychological stress causing a marked decline in PD. The last patient experienced no nausea, vomiting or stress and had no changes in PD. During sleeping periods PD increased significantly.
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PMID:Changes in the gastric potential difference during chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. 176 71

A questionnaire was administered to the 137 women who presented to Wellington Hospital from December 1985-December 1988 for termination of pregnancy due to method failure while using oral contraceptives (OCs). Specifically investigated was the presence in these women of risk factors such as menstrual disturbances, cigarette smoking, diarrhea, vomiting, and interactions with other drugs. 118 of the pregnancies involved users of combined OCs; the remaining 19 women were using a progestogen-only pill. As in previous studies, diarrhea and/or vomiting emerged as the most significant factor in OC failure (46% of the 137 cases in this series). In an additional 34% of cases, OC failure was linked to the intake of various other medications (e.g., antibiotics) believed to interfere with OC utilization. 32% of the combined OC users with an unintended pregnancy reported menstrual disturbances such as irregular bleeding, breakthrough bleeding, or amenorrhea. Of interest was the finding that 68% of the subjects with menstrual disturbances were smokers. In addition, 67% of the women in the combined OC group who experienced method failure were cigarette smokers, a figure that is 20% than would be expected based on an analysis of census data on female smoking. Among users of progestogen-only Ocs, there were no significant association with menstrual disturbances and/or smoking with method failure; however, the sample size was small (19 women). Systemic illnesses and/or psychological stress were present in 47% of the women in this series. Multiple risk factors were present in 79% of the cases analyzed. 25% of subjects had experienced previous method failure with OCs.
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PMID:Pregnancies in reliable pill takers. 281 91

We report an impressive case with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), in which stress-induced sympathetic discharge influenced serum gastrin. Our patient was a 35-yr-old female who complained of frequent and massive vomiting (more than 4000 ml of gastric juice) which was aggravated especially by psychosocial stress. Basal hypergastrinemia (1900 pg/ml) was found after the admission. The most striking finding was that laboratory stress dramatically increased serum gastrin (from 1900 to 5400 pg/ml) and plasma noradrenaline (from 180 to 1130 pg/ml). Mental arithmetic stress further enhanced hypergastrinemia (5800 pg/ml) with a concomitant increase in plasma noradrenaline (1240 pg/ml). Neostigmine (10 micrograms/kg im) also increased serum gastrin up to 6100 pg/ml but propranolol (40 micrograms/kg i.v.) reduced these elevations (noradrenaline: 990 pg/ml, gastrin: 5000 pg/ml). In this case, the effect of stress on serum gastrin mimicked the effect of catecholamine infusion in ZES. These findings suggest that psychological stress induces serum gastrin secretion via beta-adrenoceptor with exacerbation of symptoms in some cases with ZES.
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PMID:Impact of stress on serum gastrin in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. 836 43

On March 11, 2011, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake occurred in the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of northern Japan. A resulting tsunami struck the Japan Pacific coast, causing >20,000 deaths, injuries and missing persons. Survivors' post-tsunami health and nutritional status were surveyed one month after the disaster in a school shelter in Ishinomaki City. Hyogo College of Medicine's disaster relief team observations and survivors' questionnaires were used to assess the disaster's effects on survivors' lifestyles and gastrointestinal symptoms while residing in temporary shelters. Of 236 disaster evacuees 9-88 years of age (mean age 52 years), 23% lost weight and 28% reported decreased food intake one month after the earthquake. Up to 25% of the participants presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, including constipation (10%), appetite loss (6.4%), vomiting (6.4%), and nausea (2.1%). Although the victims preferred more vegetables (44%) or fruit (33%), most food aid received, such as rice balls or bread, was carbohydrate-based, possibly because of easy provision and abundance in emergency food pantries. The authors asked the volunteers and the Japan Self-Defense Forces to provide a more balanced diet, including vegetables and fruit. Consumption of imbalanced diets may have caused more gastrointestinal symptoms for the survivors. Because of the victims' hesitation to request more balanced diets, and because of poorly controlled existing chronic disease and mental stress, professional public health providers should assure emergency food nutrition after disasters.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal symptoms and food/nutrition concerns after the great East Japan earthquake in March 2011: survey of evacuees in a temporary shelter. 2490 1

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (CT) is a syndrome characterized by an acute and transient left ventricular dysfunction, electrocardiographic abnormalities suggestive of acute coronary syndrome, chest pain and/or dyspnea, left ventricular mid-apical segments akinesia and normal coronary angiography. It is mainly observed in postmenopausal women after an intense physical or mental stress. The course is usually favourable but sometimes severe complications occur. The recurrence rate is 2-10%. We present the case of a recurrence of CT in a female, 79 years old, with hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 who was admitted to the emergency room for dyspnea and vomiting. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a sinusal rhythm and T wave inversion in the pre-cordial leads and the echocardiogram a typical feature of CT with depressed left ventricular systolic function (FE). The ECG ranged quickly with atrial fibrillation rhythm, followed by a major hypokinetic arrhythmia with advanced atrio-ventricular block which indicated the need for a temporary pacemaker placement. The patient was oligouric, with severe renal failure, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis. A continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was started. On the seventh day improvement in urine output, electrolyte and acid base imbalance and FE normalization occurred. The renal function improved gradually, but after 36 months, persisted CKD stage 4. The case report describes the development of a cardiorenal syndrome type 1 induced by CT recurrence and effectiveness of CRRT in the management of acute heart failure. It also suggests a potential role played by CKD as a risk factor in the onset and recurrence of CT.
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PMID:[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy recurrence in patient with chronic kidney disease: case report and literature review]. 2813 4

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is defined by episodes of vomiting lasting from a few hours to several days, alternating with periods of no symptoms. Various symptoms can be associated with vomiting such as nausea, migraine or abdominal pain. Common triggers of CVS include infection, psychological stress and menstruation. CVS's diagnosis requires exclusion of alternative diseases particularly neurological and gastrointestinal. CVS shares many common features with catamenial migraine including treatment. We herein report a case of CVS in a 16 years old girl characterized by stereotypical vomiting attacks occurring in every menstrual period. Recurrent vomiting episodes began 2 years before admission. Given the negativity of paraclinical exams and the absence of response to different therapeutic approaches as well as the similarity with catamenial migraine, we treated our patient with permenstrual percutaneous oestrogen for six months. The evolution was marked by the disappearance of symptoms within the first month and the absence of their recurrence after treatment cessation during a follow-up of 6 years.
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PMID:Catamenial cyclic vomiting syndrome responding to oestrogen therapy: an adolescent case report. 3169 84