Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma remains the most common cancer in patients with human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients. Primary visceral Kaposi's sarcoma (Kaposi's sarcoma without cutaneous lesions) presenting with lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) has rarely been reported. Though Kaposi's sarcoma can occur anywhere in gastrointestinal tract, gastrointestinal symptoms are often non-specific such as chronic blood loss anaemia, vomiting, diarrhoea, intestinal obstruction. In these patients, severe gastrointestinal bleeding requiring repeated blood transfusions is extremely rare. Clinicians should be aware of gastrointestinal tract Kaposi's sarcoma since visceral Kaposi's sarcoma can present in the absence of cutaneous involvement. Endoscopy with biopsy is useful in the diagnosis for severe LGIB in patients with AIDS. Furthermore, gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of GI bleeding. We report a case of primary colonic KS who presented with recurrent GI bleeding which was eventually diagnosed by sigmoidoscopy and confirmed pathologically.
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PMID:Recurrent lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to primary colonic Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient with AIDS. 2397 Jun 16

Multicentric Castleman's disease is a rare condition of systemic nonclonal lymph node hyperplasia. Because of its strong association with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), the multicentric, more aggressive, form may progress to Kaposi sarcoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While surgery is curative in the treatment of localized Castleman's disease, operative treatment of the diffuse form has as yet been unsatisfactory. We report the case of a patient presenting with postprandial vomiting of 1 month duration consistent with partial small bowel obstruction secondary to terminal ileum intussusception. Resection of the small bowel showed a stenosing tumor triggering the intussusception. On pathological examination, the tumor was found to be composed of HHV8-positive plasmablastic lymphoma cells. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of a complication due to the progression of multicentric Castleman's disease requiring surgical intervention for intussusception.
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PMID:Small bowel obstruction caused by a large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with multicentric Castleman's disease: An unusual occurrence. 2417 52

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) of the gastrointestinal tract is not an uncommon disease among individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The majority is asymptomatic, and for this reason, gastrointestinal KS (GI-KS) remains undiagnosed. With continued tumor growth, considerable variation in clinical presentation occurs including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, iron deficiency anemia (either chronic or frank gastrointestinal bleeding), and rarely mechanical obstruction alone or combined with bowel perforation. Endoscopy with biopsy allows for histological and immunohistochemical testing to confirm the diagnosis of GI-KS among those with clinical symptoms. In previous studies, dual treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy and systemic chemotherapy have been associated with improved morbidity and mortality in individuals with visceral KS. Therefore, investigators have suggested performing screening endoscopies in select patients for early detection and treatment to improve outcome. In this review, we describe a 44 years old man with AIDS and cutaneous KS who presented for evaluation of postprandial abdominal pain, vomiting, and weight loss. On upper endoscopy, an extensive, infiltrative, circumferential, reddish mass involving the entire body and antrum of the stomach was seen. Histologic examination later revealed spindle cell proliferation, and confirmatory immunohistochemical testing revealed human herpes virus 8 latent nuclear antigen expression consistent with a diagnosis of gastric KS. Following this, we present a comprehensive review of literature on KS with emphasis on gastrointestinal tract involvement and management.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma: Case report and review of the literature. 2626 37


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