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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analysis of data on Salmonella infection treated at the Children's Hospital "La Fe", in Valencia, from 1974--75 is presentd. A patient population of 211 selected cases were divided into two groups: Gastroenteritis (GEC), 155 cases, and typhoid-paratyphoid fever (T-P F), 56 cases. Hospitalization was required in 79% of the cases. The following parameter were studied: Locality and district of origin with respect to residence, conditions of hygiene, size of family: age, sex, seasonal incidence, previous time of illness, presenting symptoms and physical sings and complementary studies. The following conclusions were obtained: Salmonella infection are and endemic problem in Valencia. Their incidence is maximal during the months of June to October. Epidemiological environment was positive in 15% of the cases. Higher morbidity in children less than two years of age. Most frequent presenting symptoms: Diarrhea, fever and vomiting as often in GEC as in T-P F. In 38.7% of GEC cases, the diarrhea was bloody; 21.9% of GEC cases began with fever. Salmonella paratyphi B was the agent most frequently responsible. Data concerning sex, family size, conditions of hygiene and white blood cells offer little discriminatory information. Results obtained are concordant with those described in the literature.
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PMID:[Salmonella infection in children. Epidemiological and clinical considerations (author's transl)]. 69 10

The Japan Research Committee of Fosfomycin was organized in the fall of 1972 to promote the basic and clinical studies on fosfomycin. First of all, a subcommittee of fosfomycin consisting of a limited number of members was organized to establish the methods of determination on its antibacterial activity and its concentration in the biological fluid, and the most applicable methods were devised. The clinical trials on its oral form in a small scale were commenced from spring in 1973, and then gradually expanded to almost all of Japan. The clinical trials on its parenteral intravenous form were also undertaken from the latter half of 1973. The basic and clinical results obtained from hospitals and institutes almost all over Japan, to which members of the above Committee belong, were presented by speakers under a hot discussion in two symposia which were held by the Japan Society of Chemotherapy; one on its oral form in June 1974, and another on its parenteral form in December 1974. I served as chairman in both of the symposia. The clinical results of fosfomycin in Japan which were mainly collected in both symposia are described below. Its antibacterial activity, and absorption and exretion will be presented elsewhere in this volume. Clinical results of its oral form: Dosage forms of fosfomycin-Ca salt, capsule and granules, were prepared for its clinical trials. It resulted effective in about 76% of 1,200 patients with infection due to gram-positive or gram-negative (Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, etc.) bacteria in several fields. As far as rates of efficacy were concerned, it was more effective in surgical, urological, ophthalmic and some other fields than in internal and pediatric ones. Fosfomycin was given in a dose of 2-3 g/day for adults or 100-130 mg/kg for infants and children in most cases. Furthermore, it can be favorably mentioned that fosfomycin was proved to be effective in salmonellosis and resistant shigellosis by a certain research group specialized in the therapy of infectious enteritis. Clinical results of its parenteral form: Sterlized bulk material of fosfomycin-Na salt was prepared in a vial for clinical use. Similarly as in the case of oral form, it was applied to about 500 patients with several infections. It resulted effective in about 68% of them. This percentage was not as high because of the higher frequency of application to severe patients or patients with underlying disease. Fosfomycin was intravenously administered by one shot or drip infusion in a dose of 2-4 g/day for adults, or 100-250 mg/kg for infants and children in most cases. Adverse reactions: In oral form, the incidence of adverse reactions was about 10% but most of them were slight gastrointestinal disorders. In an extremely small number of patients a rise of SGOT and/or SGPT was observed. In parenteral form, the incidence of adverse reactions was a little higher, being about 17% including a rise of SGOT and/or SGPT, vascular pain, nausea, and vomiting, etc...
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PMID:Fosfomycin in the treatment of bacterial infections: summary of clinical trials in Japan. 83 22

Of 53 salmonella serotypes isolated from dogs, S typhimurium and S anatum have been the most commonly isolated. Surveys have disclosed that over 20% of the dogs in a population may be infected. Simultaneous, multiple infections with 2 or more serotypes are not unusual. Nonclinical salmonellosis occurs in most cases. The severe form of the disease is manifested by diarrhea, vomiting, fever, depression, abortion, and death. Dogs may remain carriers and fecal shedders and thus serve as sources of salmonellosis for man and other animals. A number of documented transmissions from dogs to human beings have been recorded. Such infections in man have been severe.
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PMID:Canine salmonellosis: prevalence, epizootiology, signs, and public health significance. 110 2

A 41-year-old woman presented with the typical clinical and pathohistological features of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (AFND). The disease had been preceded by diarrhoea and vomiting for 2 weeks. Stool cultures proved positive for Salmonella typhimurium infection. Antibiotic therapy and tapering oral steroids led to a complete remission of skin lesions within 2 weeks. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Sweet's syndrome associated with salmonellosis.
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PMID:Sweet's syndrome associated with Salmonella typhimurium infection. 167 26

This paper reports on the outbreaks of food-borne-diseases due to Salmonella Enteritidis which occurred in Argentina between 1986 and 1988. In 39 registered episodes 210 strains were isolated from human feces (28 outbreaks) and 59 from food (23 outbreaks). More than 2,500 people in different provinces were affected, the chief characteristics of the clinical picture being the gravity of the symptoms (high temperature, vomiting, diarrhea and severe dehydration). The main source of infection was related to raw eggs, eaten in the form of home-made mayonnaise. It is considered necessary to carry out an effective control of poultry products, as well as a permanent surveillance of salmonellosis.
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PMID:[Significance of Salmonella enteritidis in outbreaks of diseases transmitted by foods in Argentina, 1986-1988]. 227 62

The paper reviews existing reports on relations between pathologies leading to malabsorption and dental lesion in children. The following dental alterations are reported in the literature: delayed eruption of deciduous teeth, hypoplasia of enamel and dental caries. These lesions have been observed in gastrointestinal pathologies, for example, coeliac disease, chronic diarrhea and recurrent vomiting, intolerance of cow's milk protein, Crohn's disease and salmonellosis. The delayed eruption of deciduous teeth and hypoplasia of the enamel are certainly correlated to malabsorption and maldigestion, especially if these are protracted over time. Dental caries may be due to poor oral hygiene, poor diet and to the presence of modified calcification. Only a comparative study with a control group will enable the effective prevalence to be assessed.
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PMID:[Dental changes in children with malabsorption]. 269 14

Nine dogs with primary gastrointestinal disease had clinical and laboratory findings resembling hypoadrenocorticism. The dogs had histories of anorexia, weakness or lethargy, diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss. Hypothermia, dehydration, and emaciation also were detected on physical examination. Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and abnormally low Na/K ratios were found on laboratory evaluation, but results of ACTH-response tests were not compatible with hypoadrenocorticism. The primary diagnoses were trichuriasis and salmonellosis in 2 dogs, trichuriasis in 5 dogs, and perforated duodenal ulcer in 2 dogs. Most dogs responded to medical or surgical treatment of their primary gastrointestinal disease, and the original electrolyte abnormalities resolved. These findings emphasize the importance of the ACTH-response test in the diagnostic evaluation of dogs with clinicopathologic findings similar to those of hypoadrenocorticism.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic findings resembling hypoadrenocorticism in dogs with primary gastrointestinal disease. 299 Nov 78

Stool cultures of 188 children hospitalized for gastroenteritis in a two-year period (1981-1982) yielded Salmonella in 25.5%, Campylobacter in 16.0%, and Y. enterocolitica in 3.7% of cases. Rotavirus was identified in 22.3% of cases. Out of 82 lactose-positive microorganisms isolated from as many cases, three (one E. coli and two Klebsiella) produced heat-labile enterotoxin and two E. coli strains a "cytotoxic" toxin (in an HEp-2 in vitro model); two other E. coli strains possessed adhesive properties for HEp-2 cells in vitro; none revealed enteroinvasive for HEp-2 cells. Two out of 70 E. coli strains were EPEC. From stools of 643 childhood out-patients Salmonella was isolated in 9.6% of cases; Campylobacter and Y. enterocolitica in 9.0% and in 0.6% of cases respectively. Rotavirus was not looked for. Shigella strains were not isolated. Among 622 children without gastrointestinal symptoms, five (0.8%) excreted campylobacters and one (0.16%) salmonella. Children of 18-24 months of age were significantly more often infected with Campylobacter. Gross blood in feces, body temperature greater than 38 degrees C, and peripheral leukocytosis were significantly more often associated with Salmonella infection; vomiting and absence of blood in stools and of leukocytosis with rotavirus infection. Other features were not significantly associated with the etiological agent of the illness. Except for Salmonella infections, the enteritis cases did not show any pronounced seasonal pattern.
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PMID:A prospective etiological and clinical study on gastroenteritis in Italian children. 300 Apr 4

The clinico-pathological features of 515 adult patients admitted to a major Regional Infectious Diseases Unit in United Kingdom with the symptom complex of diarrhoea were compared to the pathogens detected in their stool specimens. Routine clinical examination supported by basic pathological and laboratory investigations identified 138 (28%) in whom the cause of diarrhoea was extragastrointestinal or non-infectious gastrointestinal. Of the 351 patients (72%) with infectious gastroenteritis 72 (21%) had campylobacter, 59 (17%) had salmonella (22% bacteraemic) and 16 (5%) shigella. Clostridium difficile toxin accounted for a further 15 (4%)--antibiotics had been the antecedent cause in only one half of these. Routine microscopical examination of the faeces for red and white cells distinguished many with "culture positive" diarrhoea from those with "culture negative" infectious diarrhoea. Although there are no clinico-pathological features which are unique to a particular pathogen and unequivocally suggest a particular pathogen, certain features did tend to present more often in association with particular microorganisms, and this knowledge may suggest a bacterial diagnosis whilst awaiting the definitive results of stool microbiology. These features include prior antimicrobial therapy with positive sigmoidoscopical/histological features: Cl. difficile; protracted diarrhoea in elderly severely dehydrated patients: salmonellosis; foreign travel in males with bloody diarrhoea: shigellosis; abdominal pain in younger patients with a small degree of vomiting: campylobacteriosis. Early diagnosis may then prove useful in rationalizing initial therapy, particularly the appropriate use of antimicrobials.
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PMID:A comparison of the clinico-pathological features with stool pathogens in patients hospitalised with the symptom of diarrhoea. 381 49

In 6 dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma, salmonellosis developed shortly after the start of anticancer chemotherapy. Three of the dogs died. Signs of illness in those that died were vomiting, diarrhea, neutropenia, anorexia, and fever, usually within 3 days of the start of chemotherapy.
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PMID:Salmonellosis in dogs with lymphosarcoma. 689 47


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