Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

12 patients with adverse reactions to foods are discussed, including 1 with biopsy-proven ulcerative proctitis. 10 had predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting) and two had rhinitis and headache. Skin tests (in all but two) and radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) in some patients were negative. All of the patients were challenged in hospital with the offending food, either alone or preceded by a prostaglandin synthetase-inhibiting drug (aspirin, indomethacin or Ibuprofen). In 11 of the 12 patients this premedication prevented both the gastrointestinal and the more remote symptoms. Blood and stool prostaglandin measurements (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) showed changes which correlated with clinical symptoms and did not occur if one of the inhibiting drugs had been given prior to challenge.
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PMID:Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and food intolerance. 11 24

Allergies may cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting and pain, dermatologic manifestations, asthma and rhinitis. The most common offender among the foodstuffs is milk. Elimination diets are designed not only to remove the offending food but to identify it and to prevent new sensitizations. Canker sores, foul breath and even enuresis may occasionally be related to allergies.
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PMID:The allergic child. 12

Twenty-eight patients with refractory advanced malignancies were treated with a 24 hr infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), Leucovorin (LV), and N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA) weekly. Twenty-seven patients were evaluable for the assessment of toxicity and anti-tumor activity. PALA was administered as intravenous bolus over 15 min at a fixed dose, 250 mg/m2 24 hr before the start of 5-FU and LV infusions. 5-FU was initially administered at 750 mg/m2 and was incrementally increased to 2600 mg/m2. LV was administered in a fixed dose of 500 mg/m2 concurrently with 5-FU over a 24-hr period. The course was repeated weekly. Diarrhea, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting were among dose-limiting toxic effects. Other toxicities observed were hand-foot syndrome, hair loss of scalp/eyelashes, overall weakness, rhinitis, and chemical conjunctivitis. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 5-FU in this combination and schedule was 2600 mg/m2. Seven of 14 patients treated at 2600 mg/m2 were able to tolerate the chemotherapy on a weekly basis without interruption. The other seven patients required dose de-escalation, a majority of whom contained 5-FU at a dose of 2100 mg/m2. Twenty-three of 27 patients had been previously treated. Eight patients achieved a partial response, all of whom were previously treated, except three patients. A complete response was observed in a patient with pancreatic carcinoma, previously untreated. Overall response rate for the patients who were treated at the 5-FU dose of 2100 mg/m2 or 2600 mg/m2 is 9 of 18 patients (50%).
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PMID:Phase I study of high dose 5-fluorouracil and high dose Leucovorin with low dose phosphonacetyl-L-aspartic acid in patients with advanced malignancies. 173 89

Twenty-eight patients with refractory advanced malignancies were treated with a 24-hour infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (LV), and N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA) weekly. Twenty-seven patients were evaluable to assess toxicity and antitumor activity. The PALA was administered as an intravenous bolus over 15 minutes at a fixed dose (250 mg/m2) 24 hours before the start of the 5-FU and leucovorin infusions. Initially the dose of 5-FU was 750 mg/m2; this was increased incrementally to 2600 mg/m2. The LV was administered in a fixed dose of 500 mg/m2 concurrently with the 5-FU over a 24-hour period. This regimen was repeated weekly. Diarrhea, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting were among the dose-limiting toxicities. Others were hand-foot syndrome, hair loss of the scalp and eyelashes, overall weakness, rhinitis, and chemical conjunctivitis. The maximum tolerated dose of 5-FU in this combination and schedule was 2600 mg/m2. Seven of 14 patients treated with 2600 mg/m2 were able to tolerate the chemotherapy on a weekly basis without interruption. The other seven patients required dose reductions, but most received 5-FU at a dose of 2100 mg/m2. Twenty-three of 27 patients were treated previously. Eight patients had a partial response; five of these were treated previously. A complete response was observed in one patient with pancreatic carcinoma, previously untreated. The overall response rate for patients treated with 2100 or 2600 mg/m2 of 5-FU was nine of 18 patients (50%). Three of four previously untreated patients with pancreatic cancer responded to this treatment (two responded partially, and one had a complete response). One of three heavily pretreated patients with non-small cell lung cancer had a partial response as did a patient with breast cancer. Four of ten patients with colorectal cancer responded to the treatment (four partial responses), of whom three had been treated previously.
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PMID:A phase I, II study of high-dose 5-fluorouracil and high-dose leucovorin with low-dose phosphonacetyl-L-aspartic acid in patients with advanced malignancies. 187 76

A 8 day-old full-term newborn showed severe cardiac disturbances after intravenous injection of erythromycin. The neonate, suspected of having Chlamydia pneumonitis because of tachypnea and rhinitis, had been given 5 injections of erythromycin without clinical effect. Pallor, vomiting and bradycardia developed a few minutes after the 6th injection, and ECG showed ventricular arrhythmia, prolonged QT interval and an atrioventricular block. The infant died in intensive care unit. This case and the analysis of other published cases of cardiac disturbances following the parenteral use of erythromycin, indicate the potential arrhythmogenic risk of this drug. It is suggested that newborns treated with erythromycin should be monitored by ECG.
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PMID:[QT prolongation and circulatory arrest after an injection of erythromycin in a newborn infant]. 201 21

In a national study of almost 7000 primary school children, parents' perceptions were used to test the hypothesis that the child's irritability was associated with food intolerance independently of other symptoms. After adjustment in a multiple regression analysis for asthma or wheeze, cough, eczema, hives, diarrhoea and vomiting, rhinitis, hay fever and headache, and the social factors of father's social class, maternal education and maternal age, a highly significant association between perception of food intolerance and irritability (P less than 0.001) remained. Though we cannot rule out that irritable children's parents could be biased towards diagnosing food intolerance the possibility that some children do have behavioural disturbance associated with reactions to food needs to be explored further, preferably with a double blind challenge assessment.
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PMID:Associations of excessive irritability with common illnesses and food intolerance. 236 72

A total of 65 patients with food allergy which manifested primarily by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi and skin were placed under observation. The patients were administered sodium chromoglycate (nalcrom) per os in a dose of 200 mg 4 times a day for 2-3 weeks, in part of cases up to 3 months and even up to 1-1.5 year. The skin manifestations of allergy (pruritus, urticaria, Quincke's edema, and eczematous rash), abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, bronchospasm, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis disappeared. At the same time the majority of the patients demonstrated the reduction of the intensity of skin responses to the administration of different food antigens, the decrease of the antibody titer in blood serum in response to food antigens, and of the IgE content in blood. The side effects (nausea, heartburn, intensification of skin itch and abdominal pain) were noted in 4 cases.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with food allergy using Nalcrom]. 249 73

We prospectively followed a group of infants with a family history of atopy, from birth for up to 20 months of age. All infants were seen every 4 months and a history, physical examination and skin tests obtained. Atopic dermatitis and rhinitis occurred in about half the infants at some time during the study, while wheezing occurred in about a quarter. Both atopic dermatitis and rhinitis were more common in the first 12 months whereas wheezing occurred later and increased in prevalence with age. Defining atopy by the presence of atopic dermatitis or positive skin tests, only immediate food reactions were significantly associated with atopic infants. In contrast, rhinitis, a single episode of wheezing, colic, vomiting and delayed food reactions were not associated with atopy and thus are unlikely to be due to IgE-related mechanisms during infancy.
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PMID:A prospective study of the clinical manifestations of atopic disease in infancy. 670 55

During a period of one year 227 children aged form three days to two years were hospitalized for acute diarrhoea syndrome. In 111 cases (48.9%) the presence of HRV was observed in the faeces (group I). In 116 children (51.1%) no presence was shown of HRV in the faeces (group II). An analysis was done of the significance of differences between the observed clinical sign and abnormalities in laboratory tests in both analyzed groups. It was shown that the general condition of the children in group I was statistically more frequently moderately severe and severe (58.6% and 23.4%) than in group II. Major dehydration over 5% was found in 53.5% of cases in group I, and in 23.4% it was equal to 10% body weight. Body temperature ranged about 38 degrees C in 49.6% of children in group I while in group II in 56.9% it did not exceed 38 degrees C. Vomiting was observed very often (78.4% in group I in comparison to 35.3% in group II), especially preceding the appearance of watery faeces with mucus. The HRV diarrhoea was accompanied significantly more frequently by pharyngitis and rhinitis. Among the results of laboratory investigations of interest was greater tendency of children in group I for hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis and the white blood cell count of below 10,000, observed in 77.5% of patients.
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PMID:[Rotaviruses in acute diarrhea syndrome of infants and small children]. 824 14

The clinical and mycological findings in 20 consecutive cases of cryptococcosis evaluated between 1981 and 1995 were analysed retrospectively. Typically, young adult dogs (median age 2 years) of either sex were affected. Dobermann Pinschers and Great Danes were significantly over-represented in relation to other breeds and crossbred dogs, and there was no trend for cryptococcosis to be acquired at a particular time of year. Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from 18 dogs, with 16 isolates further characterized. Of these, C. neoformans var. neoformans was isolated from 12 cases, while the remaining four strains were C. neoformans var. gattii. Dogs with C. neoformans var. gattii infections resided in rural (two cases) or suburban (two cases) environments. Ten dogs were presented as a result of infection of structures inside, adjacent to, or contiguous with the nasal cavity. Seven dogs were presented primarily for signs of central nervous system disease, of which at least three also had cryptococcal rhinosinusitis. One dog had cryptococcal pneumonia and also possible mycotic rhinitis, another had disseminated disease with lymph node and skin involvement, while the last dog was presented for vomiting referable to cryptococcal mesenteric lymphadenitis. Treatment consisting of surgery and/or antifungal drug therapy was successful in the majority of animals in which it was attempted, including two of three cases with meningo-encephalitis.
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PMID:Cryptococcosis in dogs: a retrospective study of 20 consecutive cases. 854 81


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