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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this series, nine pregnant patients had appendectomy. Seven patients had acute appendicitis; pyuria and symptoms suggesting urinary tract infection delayed diagnosis in one whose appendix perforated. Abdominal pain and nausea with or without vomiting were presenting symptoms in all of the patients. Tenderness in the right lower quadrant was present in six. Eight patients, including two with a normal appendix, had leukocytosis with a left shift. There was no fetal or maternal loss. In addition, I reviewed more than 900 other cases of appendectomy during pregnancy, as reported in the literature since 1960. Among 713 previously reported cases of confirmed appendicitis, rupture had occurred in 25%. There were five maternal deaths, all in the group of patients with perforation. Perinatal mortality was 4.8% among patients with acute inflammation only and 19.4% in those with perforative appendicitis. The diagnosis rests on clinical acumen, and prompt surgical intervention is the key to good outcome.
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PMID:Appendicitis complicating pregnancy. 173 28

During the past three and half years (Jan, 1984-Jun. 1987), 14 cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction presented with abdominal pain were encountered in the Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital. Eight cases were male and six female. Their ages ranged from 4 years old to 12 years old. The duration of abdominal pain lasted for several days in 5 cases, several months in 4, and several years in another 5 cases. The abdominal pain was usually recurrent. It occurred once every 2 to 6 months. The location of pain was predominantly in the left abdomen and the periumbilical area. Cramping was the most characteristic symptom. Besides abdominal pain, several cases also had vomiting or abdominal mass. Laboratory examination showed some cases to have microscopic hematuria and others pyuria. All were proved by renal ultrasonography to have varying degrees of hydronephrosis. Intravenous pyelography or retrograde pyelography also confirmed the diagnosis of ureteropelvic junction obstruction. In 9 of the 14 cases, surgical intervention was performed to correct abnormalities. Six cases were followed up regularly; all showed improvement, however, one developed ureteropelvic junction obstruction on the contralateral kidney one year later. The remaining five cases who did not receive surgical treatment continued to have recurrent abdominal pain.
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PMID:[Ureteropelvic junction obstruction presenting with abdominal pain: a analysis of fourteen cases]. 227 77

Among the 446 high risk neonates studied for significant bacteriuria and pyuria in the neonatal wards of the Obafemi Awolowo University teaching hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, 7.6% and 5.8% were positive for significant bacteriuria and pyuria respectively, while none of the 81 infants in the control group were positive. Males and females were similarly affected and there was no seasonal variation in the prevalence of pyuria or bacteriuria. It is noteworthy that 25 (96%) of the 26 pyuria neonates also had bacteriuria emphazising the significance of pyuria as a possible screening method for urinary tract infections in neonates. The clinical problems in the neonates studied included prematurity, low birthweight, neonatal jaundice, fever, CNS symptoms, ophthalmia neonatorum, prolonged rupture of the membranes (PROM), respiratory distress, septic cord/skin, diarrhoea, vomiting and feeding problems. Only prematurity and low birthweight were significantly associated with bacteriuria in the neonates studied. The organisms encountered in this study were Escherichia coli (58.4%), Klebsiella species (35.3%) and Proteus species (5.9%). Of the bacterial isolates, 67% were sensitive to Ampicillin and 97% to Gentamycin. The combination of these antibiotics was effective in all cases in the present study. The study has highlighted the need for routine urine culture in our high risk neonates.
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PMID:The prevalence of bacteriuria among high risk neonates in Nigeria. 291 29

A group of 28 Syrian children (19 males and 9 females; age ranging from 2.5 to 12 years) were diagnosed clinically and radiologically to have upper urinary tract stones. The commonest presentations were renal colic, vomiting, haematuria, pyrexia and vague abdominal pain. Family history of renal stones was present in 21% of cases. Haematological picture and chemical analysis of blood were within the normal limits for their age and sex. Urine analysis, however, showed significantly marked increase in the 24-hour excretions of calcium and uric acid. Microscopic examination showed haematuria and pyuria in 72% of the children with urolithiasis. Chemical analysis of removed stones revealed that most of them were mixed stones of calcium oxalate and urate or/and phosphate. Pure stones of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate were less common. Radiologically, about 95% of all stones were demonstrated by plain X-ray, while 5% only after IVP.
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PMID:Some features of paediatric urolithiasis in a group of Syrian children. 358 9

A case of intestinovesical fistula secondary to leukemic infiltration is described. The patient was known to have chronic lymphocytic leukemia and had been receiving chemotherapy fo ten months. She presented complaining of nausea, vomiting and vague abdominal pain. She initially denied genitourinary tract symptoms, although admitting urinalysis revealed pyuria, hematuria and bacteriuria. Urine cultures repeatedly grew E. coli despite broad spectrum antibiotic therapy. She eventually developed fecalant material in her urine and pneumaturia. Cystoscopy revealed a fistulous tract. At surgery an ileovesical fistula was found and histopathology showed lymphocytic leukemic infiltration. Intestinovesical fistulas are uncommon. Congenital, traumatic, inflammatory and solid neoplastic etiologies are well established in the literature. No previous cases have been attributed to hematologic malignancies. Since higher remission rates and longer periods of remission are being achieved with chemotherapy, and since fistula symptomatology may present quite subtly, awareness of this association may expedite diagnosis.
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PMID:Intestinovesical fistula in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: case report and literature review. 707 31

In a prospective study of 180 children admitted consecutively to King Edward VIII Hospital, bacteriuria (BU) was detected in 47 (26%), associated with pyuria in 35. BU occurred in association with other common childhood diseases in all but one child: acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in 43%, gastro-enteritis (GE) in 34% and protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in 26%. Conversely, BU was detected in 24% of children with LRTI, 33% with GE and 38% with PEM. Children with or without BU thus presented with similar symptoms and signs, except for vomiting and dehydration which were more frequent in those with BU. The male:female ratio was higher in BU under 2 years of age. Localizing urinary tract symptoms and signs were infrequent. Only one of the 35 children in whom ultrasonography was performed showed structural defects. The organisms detected (mainly Escherichia coli) were resistant to commonly used antibacterial drugs. There was a high specificity for dipstix testing, but low sensitivity, possibly because of sampling by catheter. There were seven deaths, three with and four without BU. Other illnesses contributed to death in all cases. Our findings have implications for the management of children who are hospitalized for common diseases in developing countries. It is not clear whether pyuria and BU were transient or indicative of serious disease of the kidney and urinary tract.
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PMID:A prospective study of bacteriuria and pyuria in catheter specimens from hospitalized children, Durban, South Africa. 767 17

A 4-year-old girl was diagnosed as having acute renal failure due to tubulointerstitial nephritis. The girl presented with remittent fever, vomiting and non-oliguric acute renal failure with sterile pyuria and tubular reabsorptive dysfunction. Ultrasound examination revealed that the kidneys were markedly enlarged with diffuse hyperechogenicity in the cortex when the abnormal renal function was present and were restored in size and echogenicity when the renal function normalised. A diagnosis of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection was based on a rise in haemagglutination titres against the organism.
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PMID:Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in association with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection. 774 29

An 8-month-old boy who presented with pyrexia and vomiting was referred to the pediatric clinic of Kitasato University Hospital. He was found to have hematuria, proteinuria and pyuria. Abdominal X-ray film showed calcification suggesting renal staghorn calculus in the bilateral kidneys. At 10-months and 11-months, we succeeded in treating him with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) without complications.
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PMID:[Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in an 8-month-old infant]. 875 69

Three children were diagnosed as having acute renal failure due to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection. The kidneys were observed ultrasonically during the disease course. The subjects presented with remittent fever, vomiting or diarrhea, and nonoliguric acute renal failure with sterile pyuria and tubular reabsorptive dysfunction. Ultrasound examination delineated marked enlargement of the kidneys with diffuse hyperechogenicity in the cortex, suggesting the diagnosis of TIN. The renal swelling was marked in the descending order of width, depth and length, respectively, and reached more than 200% in volume in 1 of the children who was examined at the culminating stage of acute renal failure. The enlarged kidneys reduced in size in parallel as the elevated serum creatinine levels decreased. However, the enlarged kidneys did not seem to return to their original sizes: the kidney size in 1 of the children remained well above the upper allowance limit of the body-height-related normals and in the other 2 they were only a little smaller than the upper limits. These ultrasound findings should help with the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease.
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PMID:Ultrasonographic findings of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. 891 33

Kawasaki Disease (KD) or atypical KD (AKD) rarely presents with intestinal obstruction or pseudo-obstruction. Others have reported gastrointestinal symptoms appearing with and up to 4 weeks after the occurrence of major clinical symptoms of KD. However, we presented a 1-year-old boy with prolonged fever who was found to have pyuria and liver dysfunction on the fourth day of fever. He developed a picture of intestinal pseudo-obstruction including bilious vomiting and abdominal distention on his fifth day of fever, four days before he developed the fissured lips. Because of the emergence of four major clinical criteria of KD, coronary artery dilatation, and aseptic meningitis, AKD was initially diagnosed and prompted the use of intravenous immunoglobulin on the tenth day of fever. Hydrops of the gallbladder, leukocytosis, increased ESR, and thrombocytosis were noted during hospitalization. These atypical features rarely develop all together in one patient with KD or AKD. Nevertheless, our patient had early intestinal pseudo-obstruction with almost all of the above unusual systemic manifestations and the late occurrence of clinical features of KD. We demonstrate that intestinal pseudo-obstruction in KD may develop earlier than other major clinical features and may improve under the conservative treatment. Surgery should be reserved for those who have complete intestinal obstruction presenting with significant peritoneal signs.
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PMID:Intestinal pseudo-obstruction followed by major clinical features of Kawasaki disease: report of one case. 1135 64


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