Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Idiopathic hepatic lipidosis was diagnosed in 11 cats. Cats were treated by delivery of balanced nutrients supplemented with L-carnitine via a surgically placed gastrostomy tube. Feeding through the gastrostomy tube was initiated in the hospital and was continued at home in all cats. The mean duration of gastrostomy tube feeding was 48 days (range, 22 to 98 days). Vomiting associated with feeding (3 cats) and localized cellulitis at the gastrostomy site (2 cats) were the most frequent complications. Vomiting was controlled by reducing the volume of food administered at each feeding or by administration of metoclopramide. Cellulitis was treated successfully by parenteral administration of antibiotics and local wound cleansing. Seven of 11 cats (65%) survived and have remained clinically healthy for 15 to 29 months (mean, 20 months) since diagnosis. The other 4 cats died of peritonitis (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 1), hepatic encephalopathy (n = 1), or cardiopulmonary arrest (n = 1) between 0 and 10 days after surgery.
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PMID:Treatment of idiopathic hepatic lipidosis in cats: 11 cases (1986-1987). 250 62

Patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer were given induction chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, cisplatin, and etoposide (COPE) every 3 weeks for four cycles. Responding patients then received chest and elective whole-brain irradiation. Patients presenting with brain metastases received therapeutic brain irradiation during the first cycle of chemotherapy. No maintenance therapy was given, but two late intensification cycles of COPE were given at weeks 24 and 48. Among the 34 evaluable patients, the response rate to induction chemotherapy was 59%, with 10% achieving a complete response (CR) and 49%, a partial response (PR). Of the 18 patients who completed chest irradiation, 3 achieved a CR, producing an overall CR rate of 18%. Five patients completed the projected course of treatment. The median duration of response for all patients was 8 months (range, 2-30+ months) and the median survival was 9 months (range, 1-30+ months). Complete responders had a median response duration of 9 months and a median survival of 11 months. This regimen produced significant myelosuppression, with 5 neutropenic deaths (13%) occurring in the 38 patients evaluable for toxicity; an additional 16% required hospitalization for fever while neutropenic. Only six patients (13%) had nadir platelet counts of less than 50,000/mm3 with no episodes of thrombocytopenic hemorrhage. Nausea, vomiting, and neurotoxicity were mild to moderate in all patients. One patient with no evidence of disease died of radiation pneumonitis at 6 months. While producing significant toxicity, this regimen did not result in a CR rate or survival advantage that would suggest its superiority over standard regimens for small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, cisplatin, VP-16 and radiation therapy in extensive small-cell lung cancer. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. 254 13

Patients undergoing thoracotomy experience severe post-operative pain and marked respiratory impairment, which causes pulmonary atelectasis and pneumonia. The effects of epidural injection on postoperative pain and respiratory function were examined in this study. The group undergoing epidural injection of 3 mg morphine (at the end of operation, 09oo and 21oo for the next 3 days) included 37 patients, while the control group involved 16. The number of required analgesics on the operating day and next three days were compared between the two groups. And postoperative vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), maximum mean flow (MMF) were compared with preoperative value. Patients receiving epidural morphine required significantly less analgesics throughout the postoperative periods (p less than 0.01). The morphine injected group had significantly better value in VC and FEV1 in the first two postoperative day (p less than 0.01), while significance were seen only in the first postoperative day in MMF (p less than 0.01). It seems that epidural morphine is highly effective in alleviating pain and improving respiratory function in post-thoracotomy patients. These effects help the expectoration of sputum especially in senile patients. As the side-effects of epidural morphine, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting and itching were seen in few patients. No serious side effect such as hypotension or ventilatory depression were seen.
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PMID:[The effect of epidural injection with morphine on the post-thoracotomy respiratory function]. 261 15

A 30-year-old female with mild asthma presented with high fever, hypotension, pleuritic chest pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Chest radiograph showed consolidation of the right upper lobe, and S. pyogenes was cultured from blood and sputum. Following initial rapid recovery the patient relapsed ten days after antibiotics were ceased, with rapid development of a large abscess cavity. Clinical improvement occurred following reinstitution of treatment including intravenous penicillin. Progressive radiological resolution eventuated during outpatient follow-up. This case demonstrates that S. pyogenes pneumonia may occur without an antecedent viral infection or major predisposing condition, cause rapid cavitation despite antiobiotic therapy and resolve satisfactorily with prolonged penicillin therapy.
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PMID:Streptococcus pyogenes pneumonia with abscess formation. 267 77

Dry syrup and tablet of newly developed cefpodoxime proxetil (CS-807, CPDX-PR) was investigated in the departments of pediatrics of 17 institutes and their related hospitals. 1. Pharmacokinetics of CPDX-PR in pediatrics were investigated. Peak blood levels of CPDX at dose levels of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg were 2.24 +/- 0.21 and 4.68 +/- 0.54 micrograms/ml, respectively, in fasting and 1.65 +/- 0.07 and 3.71 +/- 0.41 micrograms/ml, respectively, after meal. Urinary recovery rates in 6 hours were 31.2 +/- 2.2% of dose in average. 2. Clinical efficacies of CPDX-PR on various infectious diseases were studied in 748 cases. Clinical efficacy rate in 499 cases with causative bacteria isolated was 94.6%: efficacy rates for individual infections were 96.8% (120/124) for tonsillitis, 96.0% (96/100) for urinary tract infection, 93.5% (58/62) for pneumonia, 92.4% (61/66) for impetigo, 100% (32/32) for scarler fever and 93.2% for pharyngitis or laryngitis. Bacteriological eradication rate for Gram-positive organisms was 91.0% (244/268); and for Gram-negative organisms, 89.7% (210/234). The clinical efficacy rate for cases which were non-responsive to previous antibiotic therapy was 88.1% (74/84). 3. Side effects and clinical laboratory findings were investigated in 779 cases. Two each of vomiting, loose stool and rash, 10 of diarrhea and 1 of diarrhea associated with candidiasis were reported, but no serious side effects were noted. There was no serious laboratory test abnormality except slight elevations of eosinophile, platelet, transaminase or prolongation of prothrombin time, totalling 34 occurrences.
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PMID:[Overall clinical evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil against infections in pediatric fields]. 268 63

A prospective, randomized comparative trial was carried out in 31 children suffering from lower respiratory tract infections, mainly bronchopneumonia or pneumonia. Twenty-one children received oral cefetamet pivoxil in a dose of 20 mg/kg/day (10 children) or 40 mg/kg/day (11 children), and 10 children 30 mg cefaclor/kg/day for 7 days. Clinical signs and symptoms, i.e. fever, dyspnoea, altered breath sounds and cough, subsided during treatment with both cefetamet pivoxil treatment doses in all patients. All X-ray findings and blood leucocytosis normalized, while 1 out of the 10 children to whom 30 mg cefaclor/kg/day was administered deteriorated from bronchopneumonia to pneumonitis during treatment. Treatment was stopped due to vomiting in 1 patient receiving the 40 mg cefetamet pivoxil/kg/day dose.
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PMID:Cefetamet pivoxil in paediatric patients suffering from lower respiratory tract infections. 268 98

We study 22 children with clinical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. The main manifestations were: frequent vomiting, failure to thrive and repetitive pneumonia. In all of them we perform barium esophagogram (SEGD) with fluoroscopy, esophageal manometry (EM) and a four hours intraesophageal pH measurement. Thirteen of the twenty two children present a pathologic reflux (ERGE); in 16 we found SEGD that show reflux; three of them had an abnormal EM, the other 13 were normal. Seven patients showed alteration of the intraesophageal pH measurement. In conclusion the intraesophageal pH measurement in short period of time (4 hours) is a good method in the diagnosis of patients with ERGE.
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PMID:[Intraesophageal pH in children with suspected reflux]. 275 73

Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system in a thirteen-year-old boy with immotile cilia syndrome (ICS) is reported. He had frequent upper respiratory tract infections, chronic sinusitis and pneumonia during in childhood. Bronchiectasis was demonstrated by bronchography. The diagnosis of ICS was confirmed by the lack of dynein arms of cila in the nasal mucosa with electronmicroscopy. In 1987, he complained of headache and vomiting and a space occupied mass lesion in the left frontoparietal lobe was found by head CT scan, which was subtotally resected. Histological studies showed large cell type non-Hodgikin lymphoma of B-cell phenotype. He received radiotherapy (41Gy) to the whole brain and systemic chemotherapy consisting of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, L-asparaginase and intrathecal methotrexate, and the patient maintained complete remission for eight months. However, relapse occurred and the patient died twelve months after the initiation of treatment.
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PMID:[Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system in a boy with immotile cilia syndrome]. 276 80

Sixty-six women with advanced ovarian carcinoma of coelomic epithelial origin were randomly assigned to one of two intravenous single-agent infusion treatment regimens, either acivicin (60 mg/m2/course, administered as a 72-hr infusion) or vinblastine (7.5 mg/m2/course, administered as a 120-hr infusion) every three weeks. All had progressive disease after one to three prior chemotherapeutic regimens. Of 62 patients who were evaluable for response, survival and toxicity, there was one partial response (2%) produced by vinblastine. Median survival was 13 weeks on either treatment arm. Three patients (10%) on the acivicin arm experienced life-threatening myelosuppression. Severe toxicities resulting from this treatment included myelosuppression (26%), neurotoxicity (16%), mucositis (3%) and vomiting (6%). Vinblastine was associated with one lethal pneumonia and five cases of life-threatening myelosuppression (16%); severe toxicities included myelosuppression (58%), genitourinary toxicity (6%), infection (3%), and edema (3%). Neither regimen produces useful clinical results in patients who have relapsed after prior chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma.
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PMID:Phase II trial of continuous drug infusions in advanced ovarian carcinoma: acivicin versus vinblastine. 279 83

Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil (CPDX-PR, CS-807), a newly developed oral cephem, were carried out in the treatment of infectious diseases in the field of pediatrics. 1. Since CPDX demonstrates very powerful antimicrobial actions against such Gram-negative bacilli as Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia sp., such Gram-positive cocci as Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae, and beta-lactamase producing Branhamella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae, this drug was thought to be useful for the treatment of pediatric infectious diseases when main causative bacteria in the field of pediatrics were taken into account. 2. When changes in blood and urine concentrations of CPDX following the administration of this drug at 3.7 mg/kg before meal were determined, Cmax and T1/2 were found to be 2.98 micrograms/ml at 2-hour and 1.73 hours, respectively; an urinary excretion rate in the first 6 hours and a maximum urine concentration were 32.5% and 52 micrograms/ml, respectively. 3. Clinically, 8 of 8 patients with the upper respiratory tract infections (100%), 28 of 29 patients with bronchitis and/or pneumonia (96.6%), 3 of 4 patients with otitis media (75%), 2 of 2 patients with sinusitis (100%), 3 of 3 patients with the skin soft tissue infections (100%), 1 of 1 patient with bacterial enteritis (100%) and 11 of 14 patients with urinary tract infections (78.6%) responded well to the treatment with CPDX-PR, showing a 91.8% efficacy rate in all the patients treated. 4. Bacteriologically, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, B. catarrhalis, H. influenzae, E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium were all eradicated from 5, 1, 4, 6, 1, 5, 5, 11 and 1 patient, respectively. An eradication rate in all the patients examined was 97.5% (39/40). 5. Gastrointestinal symptoms appeared as side effects in 2 of 71 patients (vomiting in 1 and diarrhea in 1), hence, an incidence of side effects was 2.8% (2/71). As for abnormal laboratory findings, eosinophilia, thrombocytosis and increases in GOT and GPT were observed in 3 of 39 patients examined (7.7%), 1 of 39 patients (2.6%) and 2 of 34 patients (5.9%), respectively. In addition, we also examined the effect of the drug on the hemostatic system, but found no changes upon the treatment. Based on these results, it appeared that CPDX-PR was a useful and safe drug in treatment of infectious diseases in the field of pediatrics when administered 2-3 times a day at a dose of 3-6 mg/kg.
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil in the field of pediatrics]. 281 Jul 29


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