Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and nine adult patients with metastatic carcinoma were treated at 3-4-week intervas with a combination of adriamycin (40 mg/m2 given iv on Day 1) and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2/day given orally in divided doses on Days 3-6). Ninety-two of 96 patients who had an adequate trial (minumum of two courses or progression of disease after one course) had follow-up observations of tumor sites and were considered evaluable for response. Overall objective response rates by tumor type were as follows: stage III or IV ovarian adenocarcinoma, 61% (14 of 23 patients); endometrial adenocarcinoma, 67% (four of six patients); cervical adenocarcinoma, 33% (one of three patients); prostatic adenocarcinoma, 18% (two of 11 patients); testicular carcinoma, 33% (one of three patients); lung carcinoma, 21% (four of 19 patients); renal adenocarcinoma, 14% (one of seven patients); gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma, 18% (two of 11 patients); melanoma, 25% (one of four patients); and miscellaneous tumors, no responses in five patients. In patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma who had not previously received any cytotoxic chemotherapy the response rate was 80% (12 of 15 patients) with 33% five of 15 patients achieving complete clinical remission. CRs in these patients have now been maintained for periods ranging from 7 to 12 months. The major toxic effects were mild to moderate leukopenia, alopecia, and nausea with vomiting. Hemorrhagic cystitis was observed in three patients. The combination of adriamycin and cyclophosphamide is an effective treatment for carcinoma of the breast (reported elsewhere), ovary, and endometrium and should be considered for initial chemotherapy in patients with these tumors. Further investigations of its use for melanoma and carcinoma of the lung, prostate, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract are also warranted.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin (NSC-123127) and cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) for solid tumors: a phase II trial. 100 May 20

Sixty-nine patients with advanced gastrointestinal carcinomas were given adriamycin intravenously at a dose level of 40-75 mg/m once every 3 weeks. Toxic effects included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and minor ECG changes. There was a slight trend toward move severe leukopenia in patients with markedly abnormal liver function test (serum glutamic oxaloacteic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase). Of the 57 pateints with colorectal cancer treated with adriamycin, four (7%) showed partial objective responses. In a controlled comparison of adriamycin versus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with previously untreated large bowel carcinoma, three of 23 patients (13%) receiving adriamycin showed partial objective responses as compared with six of 25 patients (24%) receiving 5-FU. The median duration of response with adriamycin was 3 months com pared to over 6 months with 5-FU. Four of eight patients with gastric carcinoma showed partial objective responses. No responses were noted in a small number of patients with pancreatic and gallbladder carcinomas. Adriamycin would not seem to have any role in the treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma. Our results, however, would justify further evaluation of this agent in gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:Adriamycin (NSC-123127) therapy for advanced gastrointestinal cancer. 109 99

We evaluated the responses of 39 children with cancer who, after failure to respond to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, received either or both of two epipodophyllotoxins: 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC-122819) and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC-141540). Seventeen patients has acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). 12 had acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), and ten had solid tumors. Initially, the patients in each disease category were randomized to receive 50 mg/m2/dose of NSC-122819 intravenously (iv) twice weekly or 75 mg/m2/dose iv of NSC-141540 twice weekly for 4 weeks. Drug dosages and schedules of administration were adjusted during the course of the study. Although objective responses were not detected in the heterogeneous group of solid tumor patients, definite clinical responses were obtained in nine of the 29 patients with acute leukemia. The responses to the two epipodophyllotoxins were noted in patients with ALL as well as in patients with ANLL. Toxic side-effects included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, alopecia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. These results, the first reported with both NSC-122819 and NSC-141540 in childhood cancer, indicate that the epipodophyllotoxins are well tolerated and may be effective against acute leukemia.
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PMID:4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC-122819; VM-26) and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4.6-0-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC-141540; VP-16-213) in childhood cancer: preliminary observations. 110 Feb 25

The effectiveness of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in the treatment of human malignancies is evaluated. The first stage of our investigation consisted of a phase I study to determine toxicity. In the second stage attempts were made to reduce toxicity by varying the modes of administration, and the third stage comprised studies of combination chemotherapy including cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II). A total of 74 patients have been treated, 20 of whom received the combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and cyclophosphamide. Major toxic effects included vomiting, mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, decreased creatinine clearance, audiologic toxic effects, hyperuricemia, and nephrotoxicity. Measurable regression of tumors was seen in 18 of the 74 patients and ten of the 18 patients who responded had been given the combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(ii) and cyclophosphamide.
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PMID:Phase II study of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (NSC-119875) in combination with cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) in the treatment of human malignancies. 110 49

There was 13 patinets with histologically metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with a single oral dose of 80 mg. per kg. hydroxyurea every third day (based on ideal or actual weight, whichever is less) and 12.5 mg. chlorotrianisene per day. Toxicity was mild. The most common manifestations were nausea, occasional vomiting leukopenia. A definite attempt was made to depress the white blood count to approximately 2,000 cells per cu. mm. Hydroxyurea was not discontinued unless the white blood count decreased to less that 2,000 cells per cu. mm., after which a single dose was usually omitted. Omission of a single dose would allow the white blood count to return promptly to more than 2,000 cells per cu. mm. Objective tumor regression was demonstrated in 6 of the 13 patients and all patients had a definite improvement in the quality of life.
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PMID:Hydroxyurea in stage D carcinoma of the prostate: a pilot study. 114 28

Ninety-eight children with solid tumors resistant to conventional chemotherapy received adriamycin 90 mg/m2, either as a single intravenous injection or in 6 divided doses administered every 6 hours. Of the 88 evaluable children, 6 (7%) achieved a complete response and 26 (29%) achieved a partial response. Tumors which demonstrated significant response rates were: neuroblastoma (9/18), Wilms' tumor (7/13), rhabdomyosarcoma (4/11), and lymphoma (4/8). The toxicities observed with this regimen included: alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, febrile episodes, and ST-segment changes.
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PMID:Adriamycin in the treatment of childhood solid tumors. A Southwest Oncology Group study. 119 48

Ftorafur, a furanyl analog of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is reported to be five to six times less toxic and possibly more effective in cancer of the breast and colon than 5-FU. The drug was synthesized, formulated, and utilized in toxicologic studies, and then in 24 patients with advanced incurable malignancies. When Ftorafur is given by intravenous push, it results in immediate flushing, dizziness, nausea, retching, and in some cases transient hypotension. These immediate side effects are largely eliminated by administering the drug slowly by infusion. In patients, 60 mg/kg of Ftorafur given i.v. daily for up to 10 days resulted in mild toxicity. However, 80 mg/kg given i.v. daily for 7 days resulted in severe toxicity, with nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. These studies confirm those of the Russian investigators as to toxicity and dosage, even with a different method of administration more convenient for therapy. Phase II studies are presently being carried out to compare the effectiveness of Ftorafur and 5-FU.
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PMID:Phase I study of ftorafur, an analog of 5-fluorouracil. 120 38

We presented 12 patients with invasive bladder cancer treated by the subselective intra-arterial COMPA chemotherapy. COMPA was administered up to an average of 3.3 courses (ranged from 2 to 6 courses) every 2 or 3 weeks, consisting of cisplatin: 15 mg/M2 on days 4 and 5; vincristine (oncovin): 0.6 mg/M2 on days 1 and 2; methotrexate: 5 mg/M2 on days 2 and 3; peplomycin: 5 mg/body on days 1, 2 and 3; and adriamycin: 10 mg/M2 on day 4. These were injected through a teflon catheter the tip of which was placed just proximal to the aortic bifurcation, and another tip was led through a subcutaneous tunnel from the inguinally punctured area to the anterior chest wall. The 12 patients, 7 men and 5 women, ranged in age from 53 to 73 (mean: 67) years. Histopathologically 11 had transitional cell carcinoma and one had adenocarcinoma. Malignant gradings were grade 2 in 8 patients, and grade 3 in 4. The stagings were T2 in 3 patients, T3 in 5, T4 in 4 and only one had bony metastasis. Of the 12 patients, 10 were alive at the last follow-up with a mean duration of 36 months (range: 16 to 49). Six patients achieved a complete remission, four achieved a partial remission and two were stable. One died of ileus after 16 months and another of progression after 36 months. All the patients received post-chemotherapeutic adjunctive therapies, which were transurethral resection, partial cystectomy, radiation and/or intravesical instillation. The toxicities were not severe, but anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, numbness of fingers and/or toes, subileus, and leukopenia were noticed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Intra-arterial COMPA chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer]. 127 59

Seventeen patients with bladder cancer were treated with semiselective intraarterial COMPA chemotherapy. One course of COMPA consisted of 20 mg/m2 cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (CDDP) on days 4 and 5, 0.6 mg/m2 vincristine (VCR) (Oncovin) on days 1 and 2, 5 mg/m2 methotrexate (MTX) on days 2 and 3, 5 mg/body peplomycin (PEP) on days 1, 2 and 3, and 15 mg/m2 adriamycin (ADM) on day 4. These drugs were injected every 2 or 3 weeks through a polyurethane catheter the tip of which was placed just proximal to the aortic bifurcation and during injection both thighs were tied with a pressure of over 250 mmHg. From 2 to 6 courses (mean, 4.4 courses) were administered. Of the 17 patients, 4 achieved complete remission, 10 achieved partial remission and 3 showed no change. After this COMPA chemotherapy eight patients were able to retain their bladders while seven underwent immediate radical cystectomy. The adjuvant COMPA chemotherapy for two patients with pelvic metastasis after radical cystectomy showed good results. Mild degrees of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, numbness of fingers and/or toes, leukopenia and intestinal paralysis were observed. Instrumental troubles were seen in two cases; one involved dislocation of the tip of the catheter, the other was infection of the reservoir. Intraarterial COMPA chemotherapy is effective for neoadjuvant therapy of invasive bladder cancer, bladder-preserving treatment and adjuvant therapy of pelvic metastasis.
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PMID:[Intraarterial COMPA (cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (II), vincristine, methotrexate, peplomycin, adriamycin) chemotherapy for bladder cancer]. 128 70

During the period May 1989 to November 1990, at the "O. Alberti" Radium Institute of Brescia's General Hospital, 35 patients affected by epidermoid head and neck carcinoma were treated every 28 days with the salvage chemotherapy regimen EMB (epirubicin, 50 mg/m2 i.v. day 1; methotrexate, 40 mg/m2. i.v. days 1, 18; bleomycin, 10 mg/m2 i.v. days 4, 11, 18). Sixteen patients had been previously treated with surgery, 15 with radiotherapy and 4 with chemotherapy. Six patients (Group A) received only 1 cycle of chemotherapy because of disease progression and subsequent death. In another 15 patients (Group B) it was possible to administer 2 cycles of EMB, and 9 of them showed local disease progression and died. Among the remaining 6 patients, evaluated as PR, 1 refused further therapy and 5 were amenable to a previously impossible radiotherapy (4 of them are still alive). Fourteen patients received 3 or more cycles of EMB (Group C): 8 subjects showed progression and died; 1 reached CR and is alive without any evidence of tumor; 5 are in PR (3 of them underwent subsequent radiotherapy and 1 chemotherapy with CDDP). Out of 35 patients, 12 (34%) reached a favorable response (CR or PR) and 8 (22%) are still alive. As regards toxicity, the following adverse events were recorded (< or = 2 Miller's scale): leukopenia (8.5%), thrombocytopenia (5.7%), anemia (14.2%), stomatitis (5.7%), vomiting (5.7%), alopecia (8.5%), and fever (11.4%). It can be concluded that the EMB regimen is very well tolerated and shows good effects in the treatment of patients with relapsed head and neck carcinoma.
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PMID:Epirubicin, methotrexate and bleomycin (EMB) in the treatment of recurrent epidermoid cancer of the head and neck. 128 47


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