Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective review was carried out of 148 consecutive personal truncal vagotomies and anterior pylorectomies (TV + P), median follow-up 5.0 years. The recurrent ulcer rate was 6/148 (4.1%) for suspected (SRU) and 5/148 (3.4%) for proven ones (RU). This led to one death from RU. Thirty-six patients (24.3%) developed postvagotomy diarrhoea (PVD). Two of these were graded Visick IV because their occupations made PVD particularly inconvenient. These results are similar to those for TV and pyloroplasty, despite the slightly more destructive nature of pylorectomy. There were nine patients in whom evidence of associated bowel disease had been documented before or during operation. The occurrence of such evidence was significantly more frequent in the PVD group (6/36 vs. 3/112 patients, P = 0.014), suggesting either a summation of effects due to the bowel disease and the operation or that the diagnosis of PVD was sometimes incorrect. Of the six in the PVD group, two were in Visick Grade II because of their PVD, and four in Visick grade III or IV, but in one of these SRU was the main cause of the poor result, and in two the PVD was subsidiary to vomiting or dumping. One further patient in Visick III due to PVD had diverticular disease diagnosed after operation. Thus there were identifiable factors (occupation, associated bowel disorder) which could have been used to predict seven of the unsatisfactory results due partly or completely to PVD. TV + P is an effective operation for duodenal ulcer but, as with TV + pyloroplasty (though to no greater an extent), severe diarrhoea may occasionally mar the result.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Towards selecting the vagotomy and avoiding diarrhoea. 234 1

In this informal initial study, four female patients with intractable chronic abdominal pain, daily nausea, intermittent vomiting, and altered stool habits due to "functional" disease were investigated. A gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog agonist, leuprolide acetate (Lupron) [D-leu6, Desgly-NH2(10), Proethylamide9], was administered once daily (0.5 mg subcutaneously) for three months. At the end of the three-month period, three subjects were symptom-free and the fourth experienced only mild and intermittent pain. The leuprolide regimen was continued for an additional three months, and estrogen (0.625 mg orally) and calcium (1000 mg orally) were given daily to prevent osteoporosis. The patients remained symptom-free. A challenge with progesterone then induced recurrence of mild symptoms in each subject. Withdrawing leuprolide induced the baseline symptoms in all patients within three to five days. This regimen has now been continued for up to 15 months, and all four patients have remained generally symptom-free. Progesterone has also been given every three months to induce menses. A fifth patient, with Roux-en-Y syndrome, has also been treated with leuprolide. She is symptom-free after six months and has gained weight. In this initial observation period in patients with severe functional (neuromuscular) bowel disease, the GnRH analog agonist leuprolide controlled pain, nausea, and vomiting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Debilitating "functional" bowel disease controlled by leuprolide acetate, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog. 249 61

We assessed the relationships of clinical symptoms and serum antibody levels during follow-up of 47 patients, aged 3 to 66 months, who were shown by formal milk challenge to have cow milk allergy. Three groups of patients were identified. Group 1 patients (n = 15) were sensitized to IgE and responded rapidly to small volumes of milk with urticaria, an exacerbation of eczema, wheeze, or vomiting. In the second group (n = 24), symptoms of milk enteropathy (vomiting and diarrhea) developed between 1 and 20 hours after milk ingestion. In the group 3 patients (n = 8), coughing, diarrhea, eczematoid rashes, or a combination of these developed more than 20 hours after normal volumes of milk were given. Serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE and of milk-specific anti-cow milk antibodies of these isotypes were measured initially and then at a median follow-up time of 16 months (range 6 to 39 months). In this investigation, changes in these immunologic measures during the study period were related to whether or not clinical tolerance to cow milk was achieved. At follow-up, six patients from group 1, ten from group 2, and two from group 3 were milk tolerant. No consistent change in any of the immunologic measurements was associated with remission of the disease. These findings raise the question of whether acquisition of clinical tolerance to cow milk in cow milk allergy can be attributed solely to immunologic events.
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PMID:Recovery from milk allergy in early childhood: antibody studies. 271 89

Cryptosporidial oocysts were identified by modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain in the stools of seven (3.2%) of 213 children with acute or chronic diarrhoea and one (0.9%) of 112 controls. All children with cryptosporidia were immunocompetent. Four of the index cases had a short illness (3-14 days) with watery diarrhoea, vomiting (2), and abdominal pain (2). Two index cases had chronic diarrhoea for over four months and failure to thrive. Both had a small intestinal enteropathy; one had cryptosporidial oocysts in stool specimens two months apart and the other had cryptosporidial schizonts attached to the jejunal mucosa. One index case had a colitis of indeterminate cause. Four of the index cases had recently travelled abroad. There had been an outbreak of gastroenteritis in the family of one of the index cases, and three affected sisters and an asymptomatic brother had oocysts in their stools. Cryptosporidial infestation seems to be associated with acute gastroenteritis and sometimes with chronic diarrhoea and small bowel damage in immunocompetent children.
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PMID:Cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent children. 403 4

Evidence for cow's milk allergy was looked for prospectively in 15 children with recurrent vomiting. Whereas radiological examination showed gastro-oesophageal reflux to be present in all patients, 3 out of 15 children presented an enteropathy associated with an increased number of IgE plasmocytes in small intestinal biopsy tissue. These three patients did not improve with conventional medical therapy but a striking improvement occurred within 24 h on a cow's milk-free diet. We conclude that diagnostic confusion between gastro-oesophageal reflux and cow's milk allergy can occur and that the presence of IgE plasmocytes in small intestinal biopsy tissue indicates IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy. All cases of "intractable" gastro-oesophageal reflux should be suspected of cow's milk allergy and investigated accordingly.
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PMID:Cow's milk protein allergy and gastro-oesophageal reflux. 407 44

The clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of 25 cases of ischemic bowel disease are presented. The majority of patients presented with the triad of abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting. In 13 patients the diarrhea was associated with the passage of bright red blood per rectum. There were 10 cases of infarction, 11 of enterocolitis and 4 had resulted in stricture formation. In five cases of enterocolitis the lesion was transient; symptoms improved with conservative medical management and the radiologic findings returned to normal. Barium enema examination yielded abnormal findings in the majority of the cases in which it was performed. Plain films of the abdomen, however, were not helpful. The actual mortality in this group of patients was 44%, 80% in those with infarction of the bowel and 20% in the other two groups.
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PMID:Ischemic bowel disease. 441 59

The irradiation of the pelvic abdominal cancers extends beyond the centre of the tumour and may induce actinic digestive lesions. The bowel and more rarely the small bowel--which is the subject-matter of our study--are concerned by those radiolesions that are favoured by therapeutic overdose, post-operative adhesions fastening the bows, radio-surgical or chemicostatic associations, and lastly by vascular or nutritive deficiencies. One may distinguish between two kinds of lesions, depending on the lapse of time before their coming out and on the symptoms. The early or acute types are characterized by a radio-mucitis and give an exsudative enteropathy with anorexia, vomiting, diarrhoea and loss of weight, of which the diagnosis is easy because it occurs during the irradiation and lessens at the end of the treatment. The late radiolesions of the small bowel are characterized by sclerosis and chronic endarteritis and, after a longlasting period of latency, give varied symptoms: disordered intestinal transit which sometimes is irreversible, perforation, fistula, syndrome of malabsorption, giving often rise to be mistaken for a recurrence of the cancer. The treatment varies whether the lesion is segmental or diffuse. In the first case, the failure of the medical means accounts for the surgical cutting away or the internal derivation; in the second case, the digestive mutilation which would result from an enlargement of the lesion commands to be more cautions and to call for the methods of parenteral feeding and digestive setting to rest.
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PMID:[The radiolesions of the small bowel (author's transl)]. 624 33

Gastrointestinal food allergies may be defined as clinical syndromes which are characterised by the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms following food ingestion where the underlying mechanism is an immunologically mediated reaction within the gastrointestinal tract. These gastrointestinal symptoms, principally vomiting and diarrhoea, sometimes abdominal colic, may be accompanied by other symptoms outside the alimentary tract. The clinical spectrum of these disorders ranges from acute anaphylaxis (rarely leading to death in infancy) to relatively minor symptoms which are difficult to distinguish from other disorders such as toddler's diarrhoea or psychologic disorders. The same food, e.g. cow's milk, may produce a wide range of clinical manifestations. In the one individual, clinical features may change with age. The incidence of gastrointestinal food allergic disease is greatest in the first year of life and decreases with age. There are, broadly speaking, two categories of clinical syndromes which are related to speed of onset of symptoms: immediate and delayed. Those syndromes which manifest immediately after food ingestion are usually easy to diagnose and specific IgE tests and skin prick tests are frequently positive. Those which have a delayed onset of up to several days are difficult to diagnose, and currently available investigations may be unsatisfactory for routine use. In current clinical practice, gastrointestinal syndromes which can be manifestations of food allergy, may be grouped as follows: 1) immediate syndromes, including anaphylaxis and b) acute vomiting +/- diarrhoea in association with cutaneous and respiratory manifestations; and 2) delayed syndromes, including a) food-sensitive small intestinal enteropathies, b) food-sensitive colitis, c) multiple food allergy +/- enteropathy, and d) infantile colic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The spectrum of gastrointestinal allergies to food. 639 Dec 92

We have studied 54 patients (age 19-83 years) with radiological and/or operative evidence of small bowel radiation injury, in order to assess clinical and biological features, final outcome, and prognostic factors of late radiation enteropathy; 23 of them had undergone previous small-intestinal by-pass or resection. During initial treatment (first 6 months), the patients received symptomatic medical treatment and 17 had a 3-6 week continuous enteral alimentation; 15 were operated on. At entry, 51 out of 54 complained of diarrhea, 32 had repeated vomiting and abdominal pain, 43 were undernourished (36 had lost more than 20 p. 100 of their normal weight, 27 had profound anorexia, 29 had hypo-albuminemia of less than 30 milligrams). Anemia was present in 30 patients. Seventy six and 88 p. 100, respectively, had hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, with clinical symptoms in 14 cases. Fourteen patients, 12 of whom had undergone intestinal by-pass or resection, had biological hepatic abnormalities. Six patients died during initial treatment and 5 during follow-up; the actuarial survival rate was 72 p. 100 at four years (65 p. 100 for the unoperated patients, and 79 p. 100 for those previously operated on). Carcinoma was the cause of death in 5 cases. Social activity and state of nutrition were satisfactory in 22 out of the 32 patients seen in 1982 with 6-96 months (mean 29 months) follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Chronic radiation enteritis. II. General consequences and prognostic factors]. 661 74

During a 2 year period, 83 patients with gastric motility problems were evaluated using radionuclide imaging. The patients presented with epigastric distress, postprandial fullness, pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; signs and symptoms suggestive of either gastroparesis or gastric outlet obstruction. Upper gastrointestinal series or endoscopy, or both, demonstrated no mechanical obstruction. After oral administration of a 300 g meal labeled with 600 muCi of technetium-99m sulfur colloid, a gastric emptying study consisting of serial images and data acquisition was performed. Of the patients studied, 52 had had peptic ulcer surgery, 17 were suspected of having gastroesophageal reflux, 8 were diabetic and suspected of having visceral enteropathy, and 6 had a history of irritable bowel syndrome. The normal mean gastric half emptying time was 77 +/- 16 minutes. Of the patients who had had gastric surgery, 90.4 percent had abnormal emptying: 69.2 percent had delayed gastric emptying and 21.2 percent had rapid gastric emptying time; 9.6 percent had normal emptying time. Of the gastroesophageal reflux group, all but two had normal gastric emptying time; 65 percent demonstrated gastroesophageal reflux within 15 minutes. Two of the patients with irritable bowel syndrome had prolonged emptying; the rest had normal emptying. All diabetic patients with gastroparesis had prolonged gastric emptying time, and all responded favorably to metoclopramide. Of the patients who previously had peptic ulcer surgery and had prolonged emptying time, 72 percent also responded favorably to metoclopramide. We conclude that radionuclide gastric imaging is a useful diagnostic test for the measurement of gastric emptying in patients with a variety of gastrointestinal motility disorders and may be helpful in assessing medical therapy and selecting those who may be candidates for surgery.
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PMID:Assessment of gastric motility using meal labeled with technetium-99m sulfur colloid. 665 Jul 70


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