Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 10-year-old girl who had a pelvic and femoral osteotomy for congenital dislocation of her right hip was immobilized with a hip spica. On the 28th postoperative day, she had upper abdominal pain, distention and bilious vomiting. An upper GI series demonstrated complete obstruction of the duodenum at the third portion of the duodenum in a supine position; however, the barium passed the obstruction site slowly when the patient assumed a lateral or prone position. She was successfully treated conservatively with nasogastric decompression, fluid replacement, proper positioning and hyperalimentation. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare complication in patients immobilized in a body cast or hip spica. Early diagnosis and proper treatment usually leads to an uneventful convalescence.
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PMID:Superior mesenteric artery syndrome as a complication in hip spica application for immobilization: report of a case. 136 Mar 6

The historical and clinical features and the haematological and biochemical changes in 126 cats with hyperthyroidism are described; 125 of the cats were domestic short- or longhaired, and one was a chinchilla. There were 62 males and 64 females with a mean age of 13.0 years. The duration of signs ranged from two days to two years with a mean of 5.4 months. The historical and clinical features were weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria/polydipsia, tachycardia, hyperactivity, diarrhoea, respiratory abnormalities, other cardiac abnormalities, skin lesions, vomiting, moderately raised temperature, decreased activity, decreased appetite, congestive cardiac failure, haematuria and intermittently decreased appetite. Goitre was palpable in 123 cats. The serum total thyroxine concentrations of the cats were more than three standard deviations above the mean of the reference range. Serum total tri-iodothyronine concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 14.96 nmol/litre and were within the reference range in 11 of the cats. Mild hyperthyroidism was a much commoner cause of high normal or marginally above normal thyroid hormone concentrations than severe, concurrent, non-thyroidal illness. Other common biochemical changes were increased of serum alanine aminotransferase, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. There were minimal changes in the red cell parameters. Leucocyte changes showed two trends: a mature neutrophilia, either with or without an accompanying leucocytosis often in association with a lymphopenia, or an eosinophilia, either with or without a lymphocytosis.
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PMID:Historical, clinical and laboratory features of 126 hyperthyroid cats. 141 11

Persons who contacted the Anorexia/Bulimia Association of Norway for information and stated that they had an eating disorder were asked to participate in this questionnaire study. The answers from the 32 women who fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa are presented. Usually the women's eating problems had started in the teens after a period of voluntary dieting. The mean duration of bulimia nervosa was six years. 31% had a history of anorexia nervosa. At the time of the study almost all had normal body weight, but nevertheless felt overweight. 78% practised self-induced vomiting, 22% used laxatives and 16% used diuretics to reduce weight. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were common in connection with the overeating episodes, but also more generally, which interfered with everyday life. Somatic symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, dyspepsia, headache, dry mouth and eyes, parotid gland swelling, muscular symptoms, fatigue, and oligomenorrhoea) were also common.
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PMID:[Bulimia nervosa and self-reported symptoms. A questionnaire study among 32 women with bulimia nervosa]. 147 Nov 6

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare cause of upper intestinal obstruction in both adults and children. Sixteen children with severe traumatic brain injury and spastic quadriparesis developed small intestinal obstruction while undergoing a rehabilitation programme between 1981 and 1990. Five patients met the roentgenographic diagnostic criteria. The presenting symptom was post-prandial bilious vomiting. The mean age was 13 (10-16) years. The mean time clapsed from injury to diagnosis was 53 days and from rehabilitation admission to diagnosis 22 days. The mean delay in diagnosis after onset of symptoms was 4 days. All patients were of disproportionately lower body weight in relation to height, with a mean weight loss of 7 kg. The mean percentile for weight was 18 and height 58, with a difference of 30 between height and weight percentiles. The patients were receiving nasogastric or gastrostomy tube feedings at the onset of the symptoms. All patients were treated non-surgically with gastric aspiration, nasojejunal or gastrojejunal feeding by passing a feeding tube distal to obstruction. No patient required intravenous hyperalimentation. There was no recurrence in any patient during the follow-up period of 1-5 years. Though rare, superior mesenteric artery syndrome can develop in brain-injured children with spastic quadriparesis, prolonged recumbency and recent weight loss. Increased awareness of occurrence of this condition and timely management will decrease morbidity and complications that may interfere with recovery.
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PMID:Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: an unusual cause of intestinal obstruction in brain-injured children. 163 68

Data on the prevalence and characteristics of binge eating in a series of 64 obese women participating in a controlled weight-reduction program are presented. Twenty-two (34.4%) reported recurrent binge eating episodes defined as overeating plus loss of control as assessed by patients' self-report and confirmed by a clinical interview. Six of those indicated that they engaged in either self-induced vomiting or laxative use to control their weight, but only two met full criteria for current bulimia nervosa according to DSM-III-R. A detailed description of the binge eating behavior revealed similarities to the eating pattern described in patients with bulimia nervosa: obese binge eaters tended to overeat in the evening, when they were alone and at home. Compared with their non-binge eating counterparts, binge eaters were significantly younger when they presented for treatment. The prevalence of childhood obesity was higher, and they were significantly younger when they first started on a diet than the non-binge eaters. Binge eaters reported more psychological problems such as body image distortion, and there was a slight tendency for binge eaters to exhibit more depressive symptomatology at baseline. No association between binge eating and weight at baseline, or weight loss during therapy or at follow-up could be found. Fluvoxamine (100 mg) did not seem to be of specific benefit in this subgroup of the obese with regard to weight loss.
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PMID:Binge eating in overweight women. 164 67

In evaluating a large group of foster children from biological families with a high incidence of alcohol and/or drug abuse, there emerges a subsample of children with both atypical eating patterns as well as atypical behavior patterns. Their physical and behavioral characteristics are described. These children are neither obese nor "failure to thrive." They display an excessive appetite for food, a driven quality to their eating, an apparent lack of satiety, and frequent eating to the point of vomiting or gastric pain if food intake is not limited externally. All of these children have psychiatric disorders. Hyperphagia appears to be a marker for significant psychopathology.
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PMID:Reported hyperphagia in foster children. 202 75

A 13-year-old spayed Doberman Pinscher with acute vomiting of 24 hours' duration and concurrent 2-week history of polyphagia with weight loss had diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by acute pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Diagnostic testing for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, by determining serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity, revealed an unexpectedly high result when a low result was anticipated. High trypsin-like immunoreactivity was attributed to acute pancreatic inflammation.
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PMID:High serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity secondary to pancreatitis in a dog with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. 210 25

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction in both adult and pediatric populations. Of 14 patients with the diagnosis from 1979 to 1987, eight had confirmatory upper gastrointestinal studies and were able to be followed for an average of 32 months. All eight were of similar age (range, 14.2 to 19 years), body build (asthenic), and clinical presentation. The presentation included nausea and intermittent, voluminous, bile-stained vomiting, despite intervening periods of normal appetite and bowel sounds. The average delay in diagnosis was five days. Nasogastric drainage and intravenous fluids were the mainstay of treatment and were successful in every case. Fifty percent of the patients had more than one episode requiring treatment; each episode resolved with simple treatment. Two of three patients with body casts required cast removal. No patient required intravenous hyperalimentation, removal of spinal instrumentation, or abdominal surgery to relieve the obstruction. Three of the eight patients had not had spinal surgery or cast immobilization.
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PMID:Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in pediatric orthopedic patients. 229 37

Patient L.A. (f., 20 yrs), affected by bulimia and self-induced vomiting, was hospitalized because of severe malnutrition (BMI 13.1), hypopotassemia (2.8 mEq/l) and prolonged QTc interval (0.469"). Intensive care treatment aimed to normalize mineral balance mainly serum potassium, consisted of administering e.v. potassium (mg 2346/day), magnesium (mg 72/day), calcium (mg 80/day), phosphorus (mg 769/day), chloride (mg 710/day), iron (mg 40/day). Dietary treatment was deliberately chosen to be slightly above minimum energy requirements in order to avoid possible side effects of forced hyperalimentation. The patient, immediately after hospitalization, interrupted vomiting and 2 wks later weight increased by 5 kg (from 34.9 kg to 40.0 kg). On the other hand normalization of serum potassium levels was slow and QTc interval reached normal range only after the 10th day of treatment (0.447"). This case supports the hypothesis that major ECG abnormalities may be present in severe malnutrition due to anorexia nervosa or bulimia with self-induced vomiting. The dangers of these complications were substantiated by the fact that intensive care treatment allowed prompt body weight recovery but normalization of electrolytic balance and cardiac function was very slow. For such patients, electrocardiographic monitoring should be routine.
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PMID:[Hypopotassemia and prolongation of the Q-T interval in a patient with severe malnutrition caused by bulimia and post-prandial vomiting]. 237 4

Despite our strong belief in the utility of laboratory studies of eating behavior, we also note several caveats on the data thereby obtained. First, it must be assumed that subjects' behavior is influenced by the laboratory environment and is not identical to eating behavior in a "normal" setting. Second, not all bulimic subjects who were screened for these studies actually participated, so that it is possible that the sample of patients from whom we obtained data differed in some ways from a general clinical population of women with bulimia. Nonetheless, we believe that our data provide compelling evidence that the disturbed eating behavior characteristic of bulimia nervosa can be profitably studied in the laboratory. Even under structured laboratory conditions, most bulimic patients rated one of their multicourse meals as typical of a binge, and, during that meal, consumed a much larger amount of food and ate more rapidly than did controls who were asked to overeat. The significant correlations between the sizes of the multicourse and single-course binge meals and between the size of laboratory binge meals and the size of the "naturally occurring" binge meals reported to the dietician suggest that a reproducible phenomenon is being examined. The results of our studies suggest that the abnormalities of eating behavior in bulimia nervosa cannot be viewed simply as a disturbance of carbohydrate consumption or even as the episodic consumption of a certain type of food. Rather, eating behavior in this syndrome appears more generally disturbed. The most striking difference between the binge and the nonbinge meals of bulimic patients and between the binge eating of patients and the overeating of normal persons is the amount of food consumed, not the macronutrient composition of the meals. In addition, for all four meal types, the patients were hungrier after the end of the meal than were the controls, even though the patients' average caloric intakes were generally larger and their average hunger ratings before the meals did not differ from those of the controls. Certainly, self-induced vomiting may contribute to this abnormality, but it was also observed after nonbinge meals when vomiting did not occur. Together, these data are consistent with the notion that the essential appetitive abnormality in bulimia nervosa lies in the control of the amount of food consumed, not in the consumption of a particular macronutrient or type of food. Patients with bulimia nervosa appear less responsive than normal to the signals that lead to the termination of a meal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Eating behavior in bulimia. 263 74


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